所有者的

The chatelaine of Crichel House in Dorset , which her family had owned since the mid-18th-century, Mrs Marten was the owner of an important collection of Chinese treasures, many of them bought by her father before the second world war.

意指特别多，更多，你可以斟酌一下）她的家族的多赛特 Crichel 拍卖行历史可追溯到18世纪。作为女老板，塞尔维亚小姐是一位一批非常贵重的中国珍品的所有者。它们中的大部分是她的父亲在二战前买回来的。

Stic is the separation of the ownership and the right of management, and the relationship between the owner and the operator is consigner and deputy. Because it has large amount of shareholders, the relation between persons who are correlated with the interests become more complicated, the dilemma of corporate governance exists almost all companies.

股份公司的一个主要特点就是公司的所有权利经营权相分离，所有者与经营者之间是"委托——代理"的关系，股份公司的股东数量很多，公司的不同利益相关者之间的关系变得复杂化，公司治理的问题也就产生了。

The owners and the executives of a business are principals and agents. Therefore, there are so called "agency problems" between them, such as "different objectives and interests","disproportional control of information", and "disproportional responsibilities and risks".

企业的所有者和企业的经营者之间的关系，是委托人和代理人的关系，这样，在两者之间就存在"目标利益不一致"，"信息控制不对称"，"责任风险不对称"的所谓的"代理问题"。

So, how to reduce dual agent cost has become focal point. The paper pointed out that the dual agent relation besides include traditional proxy theory refers conflict, but also the conflict between minority shareholder and major stockholder. It seemed that the major stockholder can effect the election of directors and supervisors, but minority shareholder often abandon supervising because of their low share hold.

双重委托代理关系除了包含传统代理理论所指的所有者与经营者之间的代理关系外，还包含了中小股东与大股东之间的事实代理关系，即在股权结构集中甚至高度集中的情况下，大股东对董事会和监事会都会产生极大的影响，而中小股东由于持股比例较低往往放弃直接参与公司治理转向依赖大股东的监督。

In 2003, the Press and Publication Administration, the Ministry of Information Industry, State Administration for Industry and the State Copyright Bureau, and other five ministries and commissions to combat the introduction of the "Si Fu FA BU" and "plug-in" campaign of a notice of action, Flemming believes that this notice In fact, is based on a judge is to respect any of the company's intellectual property rights, but also to respect any of the company's investment,"In any case, if you want to access other people very hard to do it out of the product, you at least make the product Owners know, the use of plug-ins to the development of business, also said that no matter how far way, but the key is that we did not have a competition in this market rules, on the contrary has become quite normal bounds."

2003年，新闻出版总署、当时的信息产业部、国家工商行政管理总局、国家版权局等五部委出台了打击"私服"和"外挂"专项治理行动的一个通知，吕本富认为，这一通知其实是基于一个判断，就是要尊重任何一个公司的知识产权，也是要尊重任何一个公司的投资，"无论如何，如果你要接入他人很辛苦才做出来的产品，你至少要让该产品的所有者知道吧，因此利用外挂去发展业务，再怎么说也是出格的手法，但关键是，我们这个市场目前没有竞争规则，出格反倒成了常事"。

The article is in the Marxism is basic on the foundation of economic theory, analysed the capital loop process of joint-stock company, reach the following conclusion: The source that acting problem arises is possessory with the operator contention to surplus value, theoretic the key that solves acting problem is to solve handler the problem of double identity simplification, let operator own partial surplus value.

本文在马克思主义基本经济理论的基础上，分析了股份公司的资本循环过程，得出以下结论：代理问题产生的根源是所有者和经营者对剩余价值的争夺，理论上解决代理问题的关键是解决经理人双重身份单一化的问题，让经营者拥有部分剩余价值。

The underlying reasons include: the government"s role in establishing a hospitable environment for the managers remains to be improved; the supervision on both capital market and managers" market is far from satisfied; the official standard of managers selection; lack of the manager-specific incentive and restraint mechanism; the vacancy of the restraint system by corporation owners and the ill-founded corporate governance structure, and so on.

究其原因有：国家关于企业经营者管理的大环境还有待于改善、资本市场和经理人市场的监督约束机制不完善、企业社会政策目标和效率目标的双重存在、企业经营者选拔任用标准"行政化"、企业经营者离岗后缺乏社会保障和制度化报酬、缺少针对企业经营者的有别于党政干部的激励与约束机制、所有者约束机制缺位，没有形成规范的公司治理结构。

Meantime, we were invited to take a fashion shoot at Jungfraubahnen Jungfrau State Railway by Mr. Urs Kesser - the receiver of the train concession of this mountain and Mr. Jurg Kirchhofer - the owner of the Kirchhofer which is the largest shopping mall of Interlaken town features all watches, clocks, souvenirs and all the famous brand name products.

与此同时，我们被Urs Kesser先生和Jurg Kirchhofer先生邀请参加在Jungfraubahnen Jungfrau国家铁路的拍摄，前者是这座山上的铁路的优惠权的接受人，而后者是Kirchhofer--Interlaken镇最大的购物中心的所有者（Interlaken镇以钟表、纪念品和所有名牌产品为特色）。

As an inducement the city is enticing landholders to surrender their claims on their rural plots in exchange for prized urban residency permits that offer not only legal residence in a city, but also access to social services and benefits unavailable in rural areas.

城市作为一个诱因吸引着土地所有者放弃他们在农村的的小块土地，进而作为交换城市居民许可的条件。这个城市户口不仅意味着可以作为城市的合法居民，并且还能享受到农村所不能享受到的社会服务和好处。

About the author: Kara Kelso is the owner of Mom's Market, which is an online mall where shoppers can support mothers by purchasing products and services from a mom-run business.

关于作者：卡拉凯尔索是所有者妈妈的市场，这是一个在线商场的地方购物者可以在母亲的支持，通过购买产品和服务从一个妈妈的国营业务。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。