所有权

All the Civil Law countries not prohibiting establishing multi-hypothec on the same stake, when the discussed situation comes into being, once the prior hypothec confused with the ownership, it is possible that the benefit balance between the owner and the subordinate lien obligee will be broken because of the sequence and the impartibility of the exertion of hypothec.

大陆法系国家的民法都不禁止在同一物上设定多个抵押权，当多个抵押权竟存于同一物上时，由于抵押权的行使具有次序性和不可分性，在先次序抵押权与所有权混同时，可能会导致所有权人和后次序抵寸甲权人之间的利益失衡。

Based on the reparability on the archive ownership,state owned archives are managed as follows: archive keeping entity possesses thearchive; the user of the archives get benefit as the state provides the archives free ofcharge; the archive administration is authorized to use and dispose the archivesaccording their different social value, for example, open to the public, publish,authenticate, destroy or sell its copies.

根据档案所有权职能的可分离性特点，国有档案所有权权能实现的方式是：档案保管机构对档案的实际占有；利用主体是使用权的最大受益者；国家对档案财产收益权形式上的放弃；国家授权档案部门对不同价值的档案财产采取不同的处分方式，如档案的开放、公布、鉴定、销毁、档案复制件的出售等。

This separation must lead to the agent problem, namely the problem how to incent and supervise agent, which also is the crucial problem of the research of corporate governance.

现代企业制度是建立在所有权与经营权分离基础之上，所有权与经营权分离必然会产生代理人问题，即如何激励与监督代理人的问题，这也是公司治理研究的核心问题。

These three big reforms are Land Reform, Collectivized and Communized Movements and Domestic Contract Liability System.

在农村集体土地所有权制度中，法律制度的中心任务是确立和保障农村土地所有权人即农民集体的利益。

A security whose ownership is determined by the name in which it is registered as opposed to a bearer security whose ownership is determined by who possesses it.

一种证券，其所有权根据以登记的名字来决定。区别于所有权依持有人而定的持有者证券。

In the process to realize it, it is also expected that new types of consumption such as a material-circulation oriented type thatreduce damage to environment or a co-ownership and joint usage oriented one that does not require sole individual ownership.

在认知的过程中，期待新的消费模式，例如物质循环的方式以减少对环境的损害，或者一个共同所有权和共同的用法，一个不需要唯一个体所有权。

One viewpoint is described like this: A customer enjoys property right of his bank account funds and he enjoys the right to control the funds directly, in other words, he enjoys ownership of bank account funds. The other viewpoint is described like this: A customer has transferred his ownership of the money-capital to the bank as soon as he deposits the money-capital he owns in the bank, so the customer only enjoys credit of bank account funds.

一种观点认为：存款客户对银行帐户资金拥有物权，存款客户享有直接支配银行帐户资金的权利，也就是说，客户对银行帐户资金享有所有权；另一种观点认为：存款客户将其所有的货币资金存入银行后，即将该货币资金的所有权让渡给了银行，存款客户对银行帐户资金只享有债权。

Due to the imbalance of ownership distribution and responsibility vacancy of board in China's listed companies, the shareholders' ownership and control right lie in imbalanced situation.

由于在我国上市公司中存在股权分配的不均衡和董事会职权缺位的现象，使得上市公司的各个股东的所有权与控制权长期处于不均衡的状态，因此有必要对上市公司所有权与控制权进行改革。

Factor's Act 1889）的第一条也对document of title to goods下了定义,并强调了货物的占有权和控制权,具体如下:"the expression of document of title shall include any bill of lading, dock warrant, warehouse-keeper's certificate, and warrant or order for the delivery of goods, and any other document used in the ordinary course of business as proof of the possession or control of goods, or authoring or purporting to authorize, either by endorsement or by delivery, the possessor of the document to transfer or receive goods thereby represented."

以此为立足点，该学说认为提单的持有和转让与货物所有权的拥有和转移在许多情况下是完全脱节的，提单的转让只是转让货物的推定占有，并不带来货物的所有权的必然转移；即使在国际贸易的运转程度中，提单也完全没有成为或强化为物权凭证的必要。因此，把提单说成是物权凭证是一场历史的误会。提单作为海上货物运输单证的一种，除了是海上货物运输合同以及货物已经由承运人接收或装船的证明外，它只能是一种可转让的权利凭证，即据以向承运人提取货物的凭证。

There exists differency between legal ownership and economic ownership for thecapital with the state-ownership.This kind of differency will shut down the space ofgrowth of efficiency.

在运用资本运营原理对中国国有资本运营模式进行归括和评估时，本论文认为：国有资本低效运营的主要原因在于存在资本法律所有权和经济所有权的背离，这种背离封闭了资本效率的上升空间。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。