截线

First, a special normal transversal at the initial point is constructed and a second-order Taylor's algorithm is used to trace the projections along the aforementioned normal transversal. A curvature based method for controlling iteration step is further proposed by projecting the given point onto the curvature circle of the normal transversal at the initial point. Finally gradient based method for correcting iteration errors is put forward.

首先构造初始点处的一条特殊的法截线，并给出沿着该法截线追踪投影点的二阶泰勒迭代方法；然后将给定点向初始点处的法截线的曲率圆作投影，提出基于曲率的步长控制策略，在此基础上给出了基于梯度的迭代误差矫正方法。

"Closed curve, one of the conic sections of analytic geometry, consisting of all points whose distances from each of two fixed points add up to the same value."

解析几何中圆锥截线的一条封闭曲线，包含了与两个定点之距离呈等值增加的所有点。

Therefore at each time we get the roots of this cubic equation, we can decide if we keep or reject each root according to the continuity of the curved surface, the method is as follows: If , the relative cubic plane curve is just a circle, this circle can be gotten by solving .

因此在每次求得该一元三次方程的解时，我们根据曲面的连续性来判断这些根的取舍，方法如下：在处，所得的平面曲线就是圆截线，该圆截线可以由相截得到，即。

At and , we can get a univariate cubic equation in and its three roots . By the dependence of the roots and the coefficients of the equation, we can choose corresponding space points ( such that the distance is the shortest from to the point with parameters and . Thereby we can get all the data of discrete points on the cubic curve of blending surface at . Again we denote the maximum value and minimum value of planar parameter with which meets by and respectively.

利用根与系数的连续相依性，可以选相应的空间点使其距离的圆截线上对应值的点最近的两个根，从而得到处拼接曲面的截线的离散点的数据并确定出与相截的平面参数的最大最小值类似地由处拼接曲面截线的离散数据得到处的离散数据，这样可以依次计算出拼接曲面上对应所有参数点的离散点的坐标。

Cuting the circle with the parallel plane pencil =+ of equidistant, we get discrete point dates s and the value of the corresponding plane .

用平行于的等距平行平面=+截该圆截线，进而得到一组圆截线上的离散点数据以及可以与圆截线相截的对应平面的值，记其最大与最小值为。

The surface current distribution of patch is changed because of the stub, so the operating frequency is decreased, the bandwidth is broadened, the return loss in operating range is decreased.

由于短截线的存在，改变了贴片表面电流的分布，由此降低了天线的频率，增大了工作带宽，降低了天线工作频段内的反射损耗。

It is shown that even for the case of vanishing IMF strength the bow shock is not rotationally symmetric with respect to the Sun-Earth line: the east-west dimension of the cross section of the bow shock exceeds the north-south dimension by about 9~11% on the terminator plane (dawn-dusk meridian plane) and its sunward side, and becomes smaller than the north-south dimension by about 8% on the tailward side of the terminator plane.

模拟结果表明，即便对于IMF强度为零的情况，弓激波相对日地连线也不具备旋转对称性质：终端面及其向阳侧的弓激波截线的东西宽度大于南北宽度（约9%~11％），终端面尾侧的弓激波截线东西宽度小于南北宽度（约8％）。

I learned about serif and sanserif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between differentletter combinations, about what makes great typography great.

我学习写带短截线和不带短截线的印刷字体，根据不同字母组合调整其间距，以及怎样把版式调整得好上加好。

The distuibution of axial plane stubs and stub crossing points are non-uniform and quantity of them is not equal when the blade is made by using traditional design method of turbine. These are not benefit with calculating wood model and drawing. In this paper, to make blade wooden patterns is using blade mean camberline. This makes the wooden patterns meet the demand of the design and meet the shape of the runner blade. And this can agree with requirements of hydro and mechanical analysis and making the model of blade by using the numerical control machine. It has reference value to whole design of turbine.

针对传统方法设计水轮机叶片时，获得的轴面截线和截线交点疏密不均、个数不等、不利于叶片木模的计算和绘形的缺点，文中利用叶片叶型骨线数值生成叶片木模图，使新的木模图能够更好的体现设计要求和符合实际转轮叶片的形状，并能满足进一步的水力和机械分析以及数控机床制作模型叶片的需要，对水轮机的整体设计具有参考价值。

I learned about serif and sans-serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great.

我学习写带短截线和不带短截线的印刷字体，根据不同字母组合调整其间距，以及怎样把版式调整得好上加好。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。