成骨

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and neural like cells with osteoblast inductor (β-sodium glycerophosphate, dexamethasone, vitamin C), lipoblast inductor (dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, bovine insulin, indometacin) and serum-free medium inductor (dimethyl sulphoxide, butylated hydroxyanisole) respectively. Osteoblast marker (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin mRNA, calcium node), adipocyte marker (lipid droplet, PPAR γ-2mRNA) and neural cell-like marker (nissl body, neuron specific enolase, neurofilament protein) were respectively determined by the immunohistochemical method, polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical method.

分别采用成骨细胞诱导剂（β-甘油磷酸钠，地塞米松，维生素C）、成脂肪细胞诱导液（地塞米松，甲基异丁酸黄嘌呤，牛胰岛素，吲哚美辛）及二甲基亚砜和羟基丁酸苯甲醚无血清培养基诱导剂干预细胞向成骨、脂肪、神经细胞分化，经免疫组织化学染色、PCR、免疫细胞染色方法检测成骨标志物（碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素mRNA、钙结节）、脂肪标志物（脂滴、PPARγ-2mRNA）、以及类神经标志物（尼克氏体、神经烯醇化酶、神经丝蛋白）。

In addition of cytomorphologic identification, immunolhistochemic technique of bone morphogenic protein-monoclonal antibody, alkaline Phosphatase staining and concentration assays, as well as osteoblasts reaction to PTH-cAMP were used, according to the biologic character of osteoblasts.

除了在细胞形态学上对其鉴定外，还根据成骨细胞的生物学特性，首次引用了骨形成蛋白单克隆抗体免疫细胞化学技术，以及碱性磷酸酶染色和含量测定，成骨细胞对甲状旁腺激素-cAMP反应等方法，验证了经酶消化分离培养的兔颅骨细胞具有成骨细胞的功能和特性。

Immunohistochemistrical section: observe the VEGF protein expression in different cells, the positive ratio detected by a morphometrical analysis system was used as the amount of the VEGF protein expression.

免疫组化染色切片：观察不同给药时间股骨头内VEGF的表达情况；高倍视野下（400倍）沿骨小梁表面计数50个成骨细胞中的阳性细胞数，VEGF成骨细胞阳性率=阳性成骨细胞数/50×100％，3次取平均值；计数每个高倍视野软骨细胞中的阳性细胞数，VEGF软骨细胞阳性率=阳性软骨细胞数/软骨细胞总数×100％，5次取平均值。

The results indicated that the osteogenetic ability of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the same time point, and the neogenetic bone increased along with the prolongation of the implantation time.

结果：实验组4周和8周移植物组织块ALP活性分别为(63.48±0.873)和(69.527±0.635)IU/L，移植物组织块成骨含量分析分别为(2.50±0.38)和(4.70±0.67)分，对照组4周和8周移植物组织块ALP活性分别为(2.50±0.38)和(4.70±0.67)IU/L，移植物组织块成骨含量分析分别为(1.90±0.54)和(3.40±0.54)分，表明，实验组在同时间点的成骨能力显著高于对照组，并随植入时间的延长，新骨形成增多。

Osteogenesis can be strengthened by miRNAs technology, which has a bright future and may also provide the molecular mechanism. The study on miRNAs of osteogenesis can provide a model to analyze and compare the osteogenetic effects of novel drugs.

通过应用miRNAs 技术促进成骨细胞分化，具有巨大的应用前景，同时将可能获取成骨细胞分化中的miRNAs 调控机制，也有利于建立成骨效果比较的研究模型。

This study investigated the biologic properties of artificial synthetic HAP, the osteogenous capacity of red bone marrow after being transplanted to a heterotopic site, and the worth of composite HAP-BM implanted to osteogenesis.

本文研究包括：人工合成的HAP的生物反应，自体BM异位移植的成骨和诱导成骨作用和HAP配合BM移植对成骨的价值。

ABSTRACT A Clinical and Experimental Study on Trifocal Distraction Osteogenesis for Reconstruction of Segmental Mandibular Defects

探讨三焦点牵引成骨技术在下颌骨骨段缺损功能性重建中的应用，研究三焦点牵引成骨的成骨规律、特点和重建骨种植义齿修复的可行性。

Studying the method of culturing the osteoblast cell in vitro: By digestion with enzyme and tissue explanting, cranial bone of neonatal SD rat was

极低频矩形波电磁场对成骨细胞增殖与分化的影响采用不同强度、频率和占空比的REMF作用于成骨细胞，检测成骨细胞的

After four weeks most gelatin sponge were resorbed and grafts had been replaced by vascularised fibreus tissue and had not formed any new bone.

究其原因是HAP提供成骨的支架，而BM提供成骨细胞，和诱导成骨物质，两者需同时使用，缺一不可。

Transcription factors can control the transcription of their target genes when they bind to the DNA-binding sites on their promotors. They can transfer the messages of growth factors and so on to those effective molecules. Core binding factor al is such a kind of transcription factor, which can control the differentiation of osteoblasts peculiarly. They can induce the pro-osteoblasts or non-osteoblasts to synthesize and secrete most mineralize related proteins such as ALP, OC, OPN, BSP and so on, in order to differentiate to osteoblasts finally.

转录因子是一类可以通过与下游靶DNA结合，从而调控下游基因转录的分子，它们接受来自生长因子等方面的信号，再将这些指令具体地传递给直接执行功能的蛋白分子。cbfal是一种成骨分化特异性转录因子，可以诱导成骨前体细胞合成和分泌ALP、OC、OPN、BSP等矿化相关蛋白，向成骨细胞分化。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。