成薄层

Based on integral transformation, analytical solution for the wave transmission equations in 1-D inhomogeneous media is derived. By dividing the media into layers and considering the continuous conditions between the interfaces, the transfer matrix of amplitude of waves is obtained.

利用积分变换，用解析方法求解了一维非均匀区域的不同性质对弹性波传播时波幅变化的影响；将非均匀区域离散成均匀的薄层，结合相邻层的连续条件，建立了数值解法的波幅传递矩阵。

Items which are due seemed pig named after chitterlings, which is the method of rice ground into a slurry, a special place in the multi-storey steamer or cloth on the PV-steamed into thin-skinned, were placed meat, fish, shrimp, boiling volume growth of the cut on the disc, soy sauce and other seasonings virtually its beautiful color, fresh slide appetizers.

猪肠粉因状似猪肠而得名，其制法是将大米磨成浆，置于特制的多层蒸笼中或布上逐张蒸成薄皮，分别放上肉类、鱼片、虾仁等，蒸熟卷成长条，剪断上碟，配以酱油等佐料，其色泽美观，鲜滑可口。

The results showed that conidia were thin -walled and smooth to thick walled and verrucose; fat bodies accumulated gradually in both conidium and conidiogenous cell, and finally laid over the inner wall of conidium and disappeared in conidiogenous cell.

分生孢子发育的超微结构研究表明，分生孢子壁的发育是有个由薄而光滑到厚而有疣的过程；期间脂肪体在分生孢子和产孢细胞中不断累积，最后脂肪体沿着内壁排列成一层。

It is assumed that potential sliding surface of the soil in the back of the retaining wall is composed of logarithmic spiral arc and line.

假定挡土墙后土体潜在滑裂面由对数螺线滑动面和平面组合而成，根据挡土墙后土体薄层单元的平衡条件推导出粘性土层主动土压力的计算公式。

Detail of young leaves and growing point; many leaves reduced to bare midrib or narrow green

缺锰甘蓝的鞭尾症：关键在于嫩叶和生长点，许多叶片露出中脉或缩小成绿色波状的薄层残留，心叶和生长点变褐并死亡，顶部周围有大量绿色长有托叶的叶片。

A novel compound——N-naphthalene acylN′-substituted p-chlorobenzamido thiocarbamide was synthesized by reaction of p-chlorobenzamido hydrazine and α-naphthalene acyl mustard oil,which was obtained by potassium thiocyanate combined with α-naphthalene acyl chloride formed from α-naphthylacetic acid and SOCl2 in anhydrous benzene.

通过α-萘乙酸和SOCl2在无水苯中反应制得α-萘乙酰氯，然后与硫氰酸钾反应生成α-萘乙酰基异硫氰酸酯，再与对氯苯甲酰肼进行加成反应，合成了新型化合物N-萘乙酰基-N′-对氯苯甲酰氨基硫脲，用薄层色谱法跟踪最后一步反应，确定了反应时间。

Many mature plant cells have a single large central vacuole that confines the cytoplasm to a thin peripheral layer.

许多成熟植物细胞有一个中央大液泡，它使细胞质被挤成外围的一薄层结构。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Materials and Methods: Spiral CT scan of the middle ear was performed with 1.0mm slice thickness at pitch 1.0, bone algorithm, and 0.1～0.2mm reconstruction interval in 20 normal subjects(40 ears).

材料和方法：20例无中耳疾病者采用层厚1.0mm、螺距1.0轴位薄层扫描，骨算法、0.1mm～0.2mm间隔重建，分别做CTVE成像、表面和骨最大密度投影3D重建，观察和比较CTVE和3D显示正常听骨链的能力。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。