成矿的

The studies on ore-forming geochronology and ore fluid are conducted deeply in this paper.

本文对甘肃北山地区肃北县南金山金矿床的成矿年代学和成矿流体进行了系统研究。40Ar-39Ar同位素测年结果表明，南金山金矿石中绢云母的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为242.8±0.8Ma，相当于印支早期，略晚于南金山金矿床附近闪长岩中黑云母的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄(244.2±0.3Ma)，这表明印支早期闪长岩对南金山金矿床的形成起着重要的控制作用。

All these indicate that the gold and cobalt ores were formed later than the iron ores. Chemical analyses of the ores and wall rocks suggest that the south and north iron ore zones were formed by the same ore_forming process. The differences of Au, Cu and Ni contents between these two iron ore zones might have resulted from the late intrusion of monzonite.

元素地球化学分析结果表明，矿区内南、北矿带总体上是同一期成矿作用的产物，它们的少数成矿元素含量和矿石磁性之间的差别，可能与南矿带曾遭受后期二长岩侵入活动的影响，造成了部分成矿元素的活化迁移有关。

The feature of oxygen isotope for magnetite from Abagong iron deposit reflects that the water in the fluid of mineralization resides in the initial magma, implying the magma genesis of mineralization. The similaritary features of REE and trace elements for coexisting apatite with magnetite in the Abagong, the Kiruna type and the Ninwu porphyrite iron deposit show their common genesis, indicating that Abagong iron deposit resulted from the intrusion of late ore magma due to the magma differentiation. The characteristic of sulfur isotope composition implies that the Abagong iron deposit resides in basaltic magma from mantle resource.

阿巴宫铁矿磁铁矿氧同位素特征反映了成矿流体中水来源于原始岩浆水，暗示该铁矿的岩浆成因；与磁铁矿共生的磷灰石稀土和微量元素特征与Kiruna型铁矿以及宁芜玢岩铁矿中磷灰石特征非常相似，表明它们具有相同的成因机理，反映出阿巴宫铁矿为岩浆分异的晚期矿浆贯入式成因；其硫同位素特征表明成矿物质源自幔源的玄武质岩浆。

The model of the thesis s forecasting method is synthetical use of experience model method and mine-reserach information adding power model method of mineral resources assessment based on GIS. It use several kinds of analysis means for multi-sources data. Firstly the gold-research prospective domains of this area are forecasted through the spatial query and ana-lysis by means of GIS,based on geological and mineral information of thearea, synthesizing geochemistry anomaly information. Gridding inserting value transforms geochemistry data of sampling point of the south of Acixiarega from scattering data to grid data by means of the development of Delphi and Mapobjects, using distance reciprocal inserting value method. After deposit orientation analyse and spatial overlapping analysis by means of CIS, the gold-research prospective domains of the area are forecasted.

本文所建立的预测方法模型是基于GIS矿产资源评价方法的经验模型法及找矿信息加权模型法的综合使用，对多源数据采用多种分析手段，先以研究区1：5万区域地质资料和矿产资料为基础，综合地球化学异常资料，通过Mapgis的空间检索与分析，做出全区成矿有利区分布图；而阿次夏热嘎南部地区离散的采样点的地球化学数据，是采用面向对象编程语言Dephi与GIS控件Mapobjects为开发工具，运用距离倒数插值法进行插值网格化，从而将离散的数据转换为栅格型数据，矿床定位分析、GIS空间迭加分析，预测出该地区成矿有利区。

Calculation of loss and gain of components in parentage and altered rocks during metasomatism, reveals that, in rubification and afforestation belts, the components brought in were K〓, CO〓, H〓O, and the components brought out were SiO〓, Ca〓 and Na〓, implying that the early ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids were rich in CO〓 and H〓O. SiO〓 brought out from potassic and chlorite alteration zones could serve as the main source for SiO〓 necessary in the formation of quartz veins, of silicification and of bericitization at shallow depth.

说明早期成矿流体为富含CO〓、H〓O等的碱性流体，其中钾化、绿化带中带出的SiO〓等是浅部石英脉、硅化、绢英岩化中硅质的主要来源，带出的Ca〓与成矿流体中的CO〓结合形成碳酸盐化，带出的Na〓则在浅部形成钠长石脉。

Based on the above research, we analyzed regional metallogenic conditions from geology, geophysics and geochemistry. Considering regional strata, some source beds with ore-bearing strata controlled apparently metallogenesis. The strata contained hydrothermal siliceous rock or siliceous albitite ether formed some favorable source beds and established substantial foundation for later diplogenetic metallogenesis e.g.

从区域地层上来看，含特殊层位的矿源层对成矿有明显的控制作用，其中含热水沉积成因的硅质岩或硅质钠长质岩的地层或形成有利的矿源岩，为后期叠生成矿奠定物质基础，或直接形成工业矿床；另外，区内黑色页岩（包括碳质板岩、碳质泥岩、碳质页岩和含碳钙质板岩等）也是很好的矿源层。

Based on the analysis on the oil sources and migration pathway of this area, the mineralization modes of the oil sand in the area are derived in this paper. Main conclusions are drawn as follows: a. multiphase tectonic activity resulted in multistage hydrocarbon generation of the source rock; b. threestage tectonic activity and threestage mineralization process formed a great deal of unconformity and fault pathway, thus the crude oil could migrate in a long distance; c. the tectonic activity in Yanshan and Himalayan stages uplifted the edge of the basin and the eroded reservoir outcropped to the surface, the light oil escaped and then the oil sand resource formed; d.

通过对该区油源和运移通道的分析研究，得出该区油砂的成矿模式：①多期的构造活动使烃源岩多期生烃；②三期构造活动、三个阶段的成矿过程，形成了大量的不整合面和断层通道，使原油远距离运移；③燕山期和喜马拉雅期构造活动使盆地边缘抬升，经受剥蚀，油层出露地表，轻质油逸散形成了现今的油砂资源。

Sources of large and super-large nonferrous metals deposits are explained with "liquid source ore bed".

中文摘要：文章从地体的形成与拼贴方面讨论了湖南省5个构造地层地体的划分，根据各地体的成矿特征不同，按元素组合归纳出五大有色多金属成矿系列，引用&液态矿源层&概念解释大型、超大型矿床的巨量物质来源，认为地体边界断裂带和地体内深大断裂控制了有色金属大型、超大型矿床与矿集区的分布。

For metallogenic environments, the neotectonic movement and climate are 2 most important factors. The neotectonic movement controlled the exposure, weathering and migration of primary provenance, the formation of valleys, the evolution of river systems and topography, and etc. The climate factor played important roles in the whole history of gold placers, especially in the formation of secondary provenance, the sorting and concentration of placer gold, the conservation and regeneration of gold placers, and etc.

在成矿环境方面，新构造运动对砂金矿的形成演化具有重要控制作用，主要表现在促使原生源暴露地表、风化、迁移，控制河谷的发育、水系与地貌的变迁等；气候因素贯穿于砂金成矿全过程，尤其在次生物源的形成、砂金的分选、富集、保存、&再生&等方面发挥重要作用。

It is suggested that the ore deposit under study was relative to the mixing of the lowtemperature and hightemperature hydrothermal solutions.δ18O and δD values of oreforming fluid of different ore bodies are unanimous, thus indicating that fluid homogenisation once happened before the formation of oreforming fluid.

研究结果表明，该矿床的形成与中低温热液与中高温热液的混合有关；成矿流体的H、O同位素组成在不同矿体中没有明显的差别，流体形成前曾存在流体的均一化作用；成矿流体的形成是地层循环水与变质水、岩浆水在流体储库中充分混合的结果。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。