成泡

This work is sometimes said to have influenced Paul Dirac in his creation of the Dirac equation for the relativistic electron, though Dirac stated that he invented these same matrices himself independently at the time, without Pauli's influence.

泡利的主要成就是在量子力学、量子场论和基本粒子理论方面，特别是泡利不相容原理的建立和β衰变中的中微子假说等，对理论物理学的发展做出了重要贡献。1945年，泡利因他在1925年即25岁时的"发现不相容原理"，获诺贝尔物理学奖。

Dark red color, pink rubella, measles exanthema pink, bright red scarlet fever, chicken pox early for the red light, into the foundation of herpes around after the flush.

疹色 麻疹暗红色，风疹淡红色，小宝宝急疹玫瑰色，猩红热鲜红色，水痘初起为淡红色，成泡疹后根基周围有红晕。

The clathrin triskelions assenble into a basket-like convex framework that causes the membrane to invaginate clathrin-coated vesicles migrate into the cell where the clathrin coats are lost before delivering their contents to the lysosomes.

网格蛋白三脚复合体装配成篮状凸起懂得框架，使得膜在该处内陷，最终出芽而形成小泡。而在胞吞作用中，这些网格蛋白包被的小泡转移到细胞中，此处网格蛋白外被在小泡的内含物转移到溶酶体之前即行消失。

Histological structures of bursas of Fabricius were observed at the different developmental stages from chicken embryoes to chickens. The results were as follows. The bursa of Fabricius began to develop on the 13th day of post-hatching and its cell aggregated into the nodosity clique underneath the epithelium mucosae. On the 15th day of post-hatching, those cell cliques were surrounded by the flat epithelium and formed the basic structure of folliculus lymphaticus. The number of lymphocytes in the folliculus lymphaticus increased gradually, and the medulla and cortex of a majority of folliculus were not discriminated obviously. Until on the 7th day for chickens, the medulla and cortex of folliculus formed completely and the number of folliculus increased significantly. From 21 to 35 days old, the folliculus lymphaticus transformed from polygon into rectangle. Mucosa epithelial cells increased gradually and their cytoblasts arranged compactly into aline in the basilar part on the 35th day.

本研究观察了从鸡胚到出壳后的不同生长发育阶段法氏囊的组织结构，结果表明：胚胎13日龄时，法氏囊开始发育，粘膜上皮下形成结节状细胞集团；胚胎15日龄，聚集的细胞集团形成初始的淋巴滤泡；胚胎18日龄到出壳后1日龄，滤泡内淋巴细胞数量增多，多数滤泡髓质和皮质界限仍不明显；7日龄雏鸡法氏囊髓质皮质分界清晰，滤泡数量显著增多；21日龄到35日龄，滤泡由多边形逐渐转变成长方形；在35日龄时，粘膜上皮细胞逐渐增多，排列紧密，细胞核紧密排列成直线位于基底部。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

The other cells showed pleomorphic nuclei pyknosis, vacuolization showed symptoms, small size, with rows or clusters, sometimes we can see some acini.

另一类细胞则呈多形性，细胞核固缩，呈空泡状，体积小，成排或成簇排列，有时可见一些腺泡。

It consists of three ingredients: baking soda, the source of the carbon dioxide gas that causes the dough or batter to rise; an acid, such as cream of tartar, calcium acid phosphate, or sodium aluminum sulphate, which, when the powder is combined with a liquid, causes the baking soda to release its gas; and a starch such as cornstarch or flour, to prevent the powder from absorbing moisture.

酸性物质遇到液体以后，就会让小苏达发生化学变化，产生二氧化碳气体；最后还有淀粉，比如面粉或者玉米淀粉，作用是防止粉末吸湿受潮。很多中文食谱把BAKING POWDER翻成泡打粉，其实深圳一些街市小铺，小超市有买7毛一包的泡打粉，用的就是明矾，建议大家尽量去找用塔塔粉的。

In order to accomplish this change, our research have made several important break-through by revising new formulation especially in (1) catalyst mix,(2) adjustment of water content,(3) addition of chain extenders and crosslinkers, and(4) utilization of long-chained polyols. By doing so, the general performances of our new non-yellowing foam products are comparable to those of the traditional TDI based products. In certain mechanical properties in areas such as tensile strength, split tear strength, and elongation our measured values of 1.89 kg/cm2, 1.47 kg/cm, and 355 % respectively have out-performed the old materials.

能在研究中突破的原因，是因针对聚胺酯发泡体配方中的催化剂、水含量、链长剂种类、交联剂及搭配商业之改质长链三元醇，做各式各样之配方调整而成，与传统商业用之芳香族发泡体相比较，基本的成泡指数及性质相比拟上已相近，在抗张(1.89 kg/cm2，比TDI系统增加2.2倍)、撕裂(1.47 kg/cm，比TDI系统增加1.7倍)、延伸率(355 %，比TDI系统增加1.6倍)等机械性质上甚至比芳香族发泡体有更佳的表现。

On the base of basic formula, it discussed effects of kinds and content of bubble nucleators on property of foaming materials, and observed and analyzed bubble structure.

在确定主要助剂最佳用量的基础上，探讨了泡孔成核剂种类、用量对发泡材料性能的影响，并对不同成核剂制得的材料泡孔结构进行了观察和分析。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。