成本

How to increase quality and effectively decline cost coinstantaneous, which has become the urgent request of the construction enterprise.

如何实现以最佳的成本达到满意的质量，以期获得最大的经济效益，是建筑施工企业质量成本管理的工作重点。

Although some bartenders add a dash of cream to the recipe, this is mistaken: it is an attempt to give the same creamy color and texture to a Pina Colada made with coconut syrup (very popular in bars due to its low cost and long shelflife) as opposed to the recipe made with coconut cream, quite unpopular in bars due to its higher cost and shorter shelflife.

也有一些调酒师再配方里加少量的奶油：它是尝试让奶油与椰子糖浆制成的与皮娜可乐达有一样的颜色和纹理，这是错误的（由于它的低成本和柜台寿命长，所以在酒吧里很流行）。相对与上面所述的椰子奶油的配方，因为它的高成本和柜台寿命短暂，所以在酒吧里不流行。

Historical cost, current market value, current cost, netrealizable value and present value of future cash flow are concretive expressive forms of fair value.

历史成本、现行市价、现行成本、可变现净值和未来现金流量的现值等，都是公允价值的具体表现形式。

Which differs significantly from the current consortial licenses for electronic resources. Our simulation results of a numerical example demonstrate that the formation mechanism with proposed bidding and egalitarian sharing formulas can ensure the stability of a consortium. This, however, cannot be accomplished by using procedures prevailing in today's consortia. As for the cost allocation among member libraries, the egalitarian sharing formulas also offer lower variance in budgeting compared with other cost sharing methods.

数值模拟结果显示，此种基於竞标与合作赛局精神之结盟机制与成本分摊方式，能确保想要订购电子资源之图书馆都能在联盟之内，达成联盟之稳定性，这是目前图书馆联盟采行之作业方式无法达到的；另外，所采用之成本分摊计算方式较其他的方法所得到之预算结余的变异程度小，显示具有不错的公平效果。

Owing to the similarity between the consortial licensing for electronic resources and the group purchasing in the electronic marketplace, this paper develops a bidding mechanism with egalitarian sharing formulas to solve the existing problems in consortial licensing. The mechanism is based on the concept of Discount Coalition Game proposed by Li et al.

由於图书馆联盟订购电子资源与成本分摊问题，与电子市集中团体购买商品之行为极为类似，因此，有别於目前图书馆联盟常见之作业方式，本文根据Li et al。，(2003)所提折扣结盟赛局的概念，提出图书馆联盟订购电子资源之结盟机制以及成本分摊方式。

And the economic efficiency of enterprises is an important component of the cost price is dependent on and constraining costs.

而企业成本是经济效益的重要组成部分，价格又依赖和制约着成本。

The demand for labor force has been continuingly increased with the fast development of Chinese economy.

随着中国经济的快速发展，对劳动力的需求持续增加，与此同时，劳动力的成本也水涨船高，2007年，对于身处加工制造业密集的中国广东珠三角地区的企业来说，更是迎来了一个新的挑战：&民工荒&，尽管相对以前的年份，企业给了员工相对较高的加薪幅度，但员工的跳槽现象却是愈演愈烈，根据笔者在制造业企业多年的管理经验，对薪酬的不满意是导致员工离职的首要原因，因此，本论文的主要目的是针对各种层次的一线员工，调查其对目前薪酬的看法，从中寻找提高一线员工薪酬满意度的方法，并因此降低企业的一线员工离职率，减少企业的用工成本，为企业提供切实可行的参考意见。

"Wire Bonder" is the most costive equipment in the investment of IC packaging; and the packaging quality, cost and delivery are concerned most in the assembly processes. An inappropriate process scheduling may result in the wastes of resources and assembly bottleneck. Manager must allocate the resourcesappropriately to adapt the changeable products and production lines.

在半导体封装制程中，以焊线制程所投入的设备及成本最大；相对的，其制程的安排亦主导著封装的品质、成本与交货速度，若排程或派工决策不良，则将导致资源的浪费，与制程瓶颈的产生，因此在有效的资源分配的前提下，管理者必须即时分配资源以应付产品快速转换的需求，进而达到最适的排程与派工规划。

Abelardo Daza, an international analyst at ODH Consulting Group, says that the average transport costs for a barrel of oil sold to the United States, five or six days away by sea, is $3; costs double for the 30-day trip to China.

ODH咨询集团的国际分析师塔扎表示，卖石油给美国，船运时间为五到六天，平均每桶的运输成本是3美元；而到中国运输时间要三十天，运输成本就要加倍，&如果向中国出售更多的石油，收入将会减少。&

First, the decentration of the shareholders cause the absence of the active investors, none is willing to implement the rights of the shareholders by representing other shareholders, the managers become the insiders to control the company.

股票期权制度作为一种有效的公司激励机制广受发达的市场经济国家所推崇，然而，在美国，成批登场的大公司财务造假丑闻却对这种制度提出了挑战，首先，股权过度分散导致维护公司利益的&积极股东&缺位，没有哪一家股东能够或愿意积极主动地代表股东对经营者行使所有者权利，公司经营者成为控制公司的&内部人&；其次，美国对股票期权的会计处理规定，股票期权的价值不计入公司成本，也为经营者造假提供了合法的便利；再次，中介机构为了自身的利益，不能保持绝对的独立性，成为公司造假的帮凶；另外，美国倡导自由经济，依靠行业自律和市场制衡来约束市场参与者的行为，一方面给经济繁荣带来了活力，同时也带来了巨大风险，如果没有严密的制度保障和严厉的打击及监管，谁也不会放弃低成本的&道德风险&所带来的好处。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。