成本

In short, the common ratio in the electrical network can facilitate the selection of customers to the Heart of goods, direct access to low cost, rapid and received the original physical, practical enjoy legal protection.

通过与一线品牌家电厂家的直接合作，规范的流程，科学的管理，搭建一个集约的低成本的销售渠道，去除商品在传统销售模式下的附加成本，顾客可以直接顺畅的获取到低廉的价格

To implement cost management accounting, commercial banks should help their staff to heighten their awareness of the importance and complicatedness of this concept

商业银行要推行成本管理会计就要提高各商业银行职工对成本管理会计重要性和复杂性的认识

Implicit transaction costs is a composite indicator to measure the efficiency of stock.

更多、有效性低、价格波动性高会导致隐性交易成本增大，运行效率良好的股票市场必然有较低的隐性交易成本。

The hospital's fine status benefits from its focus strategy which insist on clinical medical treatment direction. In addition, effective cost management and putting rear service to society also contributes to its developing. Tomorrow the key point of hospital developing is products diversity strategy.3. There are also numerous affairs to do, such as strategy study, compotation awakening and so on.

河南省肿瘤医院形成目前的态势，从战略上审视，得益于在医疗卫生行业中实行了目标聚集战略，坚定地沿着肿瘤临床医疗方向发展，特别是上世纪末又实施了医院成本核算，本世纪初再施了后勤服务保障社会化，在总成本领先战略上再次得分，今后发展的关键在于坚定地实施产品差异化战略。

In reality, the unit cost decreases as the amount transported increases, resulting in a concave cost function.

在实务上，货物运送的单位成本常随数量的增加而递减，成本函数曲线为凹形。

Concurrent Engineering absorbs computer technique , database technique , network technique under the support of CAD, CAM, CAPP and CAE, considers conception form , scheme analyses , detail design, production, after service , production rejects all factors, resolves effetely lots of defects such as difficulty of data exchange , design changing frequently , cost high, long cycle for design and so on.

摘要并行工程是在CAD，CAM，CAPP和CAE等技术支持下，吸收了当前迅速发展的计算机技术、数据库技术、网络技术，在设计时综合考虑产品开发中的概念形成、方案分析、详细设计、生产制造、售后服务、产品报废等所有因素，有效解决了系统之间数据交换难，设计更改频繁，成本高，设计周期长等缺点。 DFM是并行工程的关键技术之一，在设计一开始就把制造系统的因素添加到设计过程中去，并从制造可行性的角度对设计进行分析评价，使设计满足制造要求，降低加工时间和生产成本。

The major findings include:(1) By using fuel as the base indicator of relative efficiency, we found the following input factors' distribution inefficiency for domestic airlines: The distribution inefficiency of labor and capital input factors differs from airline to airline, and is becoming more severe with time; the distribution inefficiency of other factors does not differ very much among airlines but varies with time. It is inefficient from 1989 to 1995 but becomes more efficient during 1996 to 1997;(2) Airline companies have higher economies of density before 1996, but tend to show a constant return to density in 1997 when considering allocative distortions. The technical efficiency of input factors as a whole has declined after the open-air policy;(3) The costs of airlines are increasing significantly due to their distribution inefficiencies;(4) The instrument variable generated through a quasi price function does not have significant influence on cost; this may imply that airline companies in this time period did not exhibit the phenomena of high-quality high-price.

其主要结论如下：(1)藉由相对燃油分配效率探讨各投入要素之分配扭曲情形发现：劳动和因定投入要素之分配无效率因公司别而有所不同，且随时间而严重，唯民国86年稍有改善；其他要素之分配无效率则较不因公司别而有所不同，但亦随时间发生变化，初期为无效率，在民国85、86年则较具效率；(2)若考虑分配扭曲情形下，国内航空业在民国85年之前具有较高之密度经济，民国86年则趋向固定密度报酬；此整体投入要素之技术效率而官，在天空开放政策后其技术效率随时间变化而下降，但就燃油投入要素平均技术进步率而言，则其技术效率逐年增加且幅度明显；(3)航空公司因分配无效率所造成成本增加的情形相当明显；(4)准价格工具变数对成本之影响并不明显，此可能反映在此期间国内航空公司似乎并未趋向於高品质高价格之现象。

Cost management is an essential constituent of the modernization of company management, however,the present management and operation of our companys is extremely in disequilibrium, and the aspect of cost management is particularly weak.

成本管理是企业现代化管理的一个重要组成部分，而目前我国生产经营管理的发展极不平衡，尤其是在成本管理方面较为薄弱。

I.e. the utility of the books are almost the same , so it is a wise choice to choose second hand books. And in the aspect of consumer's surplus, the consumers expect one book to be lower than, say, 30 Yuan, so if he buys the book for 10yuan, he gets extra 20yuan as the so called consumer's surplus.

话说回来，从机会成本的角度来看，因为旧书与新书大部分相差不大，基本不会影响到学生的书籍阅读（即书的效用是几乎一样的），学生在旧书摊买书的机会成本相对较小，于是学生们是会选择到旧书摊买书的。

Based on this target, the paper designs an incentive auction mechanism considering the long-term contract and the cost conic curve. The new mechanism can make the generation companies reveal their real costs through appropriate cost compensate, and it can realize the electricity distribution efficiency.

文章在发电成本函数为二次函数的情况下，考虑电力长期合同对现货市场的影响，设计一种激励相容的发电市场新竞价机制，该机制通过给予发电公司合理的信息补偿，使其揭示真实发电成本，从而实现发电市场的经济配置。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。