成本

By the look of cost attitude, the cost variance that the cost variance has changed and fixing the cost variance.

从成本性态看，成本差异有变动成本差异和固定成本差异。

Through each supervision of link control to the whole course, and to happen already or contingent various kinds of cost variance analyse, hold the forming of the cost effectively, achieve the goal of lowering costs .

通过对全过程中每一道环节的监督控制，并针对已发生或可能发生的各种成本差异进行分析，有效地把握成本的形成，达到降低成本之目的。

This paper is divided into seven chapters specific research project analysis and control, tender offers analysis and decision-making of specific methods, and cost-plus bids methods, and through analysis of specific cases to find out the cost of the project analysis and the integration of the tender offer specific strategies to identify cost-effective ways of increasing and concrete methods.

本论文分七个章节具体研究工程项目的分析与控制，投标报价的分析决策与具体方法，及成本加利润的投标报价方法，并通过具体案例分析寻找出项目成本分析与投标报价相结合的具体策略，从中找出降低成本增大效益的途径和具体方法。

This method ensures margins but can not be the best way to pricing in a competitive scenario: some exporters tend instead to consider a flexible cost-plus strategy which allows variations in special circumstances.

在竞争性的场合下，这种方法确保了边际成本，在竞争性的场合下，这种方法确保了边际成本，但不是定价的最好方法：是定价的最好方法：一些出口商相反地倾向于考虑一个弹性的成本加成战略以允许特殊情形下的变动。

A cost-plus contract means a construction contract in which the construction price is ascertained on the basis of the costs stipulated in the contract or costs negotiated otherwise, plus a proportion of these costs or a fixed fee.

成本加成合同，是指以合同约定或其他方式议定的成本为基础，加上该成本的一定比例或定额费用确定工程价款的建造合同。

The paper explains and analyzes imperfectness of the multiproduct cost-volume-profit analysis model adoptedpresently by domestic financial administration,the improves the model by introducing evitable and inevitable fixed costsso that to make it more reasonable.

本文针对目前国内财务管理采用的多品种本量利分析模型中存在的不完善之处，进行解释分析后，引入了可避免固定成本与不可避免固定成本，对模型进行了改进，使这种成本－产量－利益模型更科学。

The three level of government, which is province. county and town are classified as the scope of local government under present administration system.

1地方政府行政运行成本的概念成本是一个普遍的经济范畴，凡是有经济活动和业务活动的地方，都必然有成本的存在。

In addition, we represent the variance of the process as a function of investment, as proposed by Hong and Hayya (1993), to decrease the number of defective items. Our models determine the optimal production lot-size, the optimal levels of investments, and the optimal levels of backorders that minimize the sum of inventory and quality-related costs.

另外，本研究并考虑藉由投资来降低制程的变异，其中利用Hong 等人(1993)所提出制程变异之投资函数，纳入总生产成本模式中考量，即投资后的制程变异为制程改善后所能降低的制程变异水准加上目前生产系统之最大变异水准与最低变异水准之差的指数分配关系，如此不仅能降低变异并提升制程能力指标，亦能让管理者利用本模式来比较不同制程改善的成本差异，推导出最佳生产批量、缺货量和投资成本，以提供存货管理者对生产决策之参考依据。

Secondly, describle the definiens and layout of domestic airport, analyse actuality or airport especially the finance character, indicate the character and deficiency of air strategic cost management, bring forward the air strategic cost management frame chart, including the value acticity, the overall arrangement,raise money to construction and mangement as well as benefit base value factor,and so on.

其次对国内机场的定义和规划以及国外机场发展的概况进行描述，对国内机场战略成本管理进行全面分析，指出机场战略成本管理的特点和表现为财务特征的方式，对机场的财务特征进行重点分析，提出包含机场基本价值活动、内部价值链的规划布局、筹资建设、运营管理三环节及其业务受益基础、筹资渠道等价值因素和行业价值链的机场战略成本管理价值链图。

However, the costs of processing demand deposit transaction are increasing, and the effective overall cost of demand deposits is closing to the cost of passbook saving.

然而，处理活期存款的交易成本在不断上升，因此活期存款实际总成本已接近存折储蓄的成本。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。