成岩作用

Based on the petrological and geochronological study of metamorphic complexes from the Grove Mountains, the following conclusions are reached.(1)Exsolution texture is widely found in clinopyroxene in mafic granulites. A peak metamorphic temperature of 850 C was obtained from the reintegrated compositions of exsolved clinopyroxene. The preservation of augite megacrysts suggests a single episode of high-grade metamorphism for the Grove Mountains.(2)The compositional comparison of garnet from pegmatites with that from country rocks demonstrates that garnet in pegmatites is of xenocryst origin, and late amphibolite facies metamorphism does not occur in this area.(3)The Pan-African charnockite and post-tectonic sheet-like granite were first recognized in East Antarctica. Their occurrences suggest a collisional orogeny during the Pan-African time.(4)The SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating on various rock types indicates that the major metamorphism in the Grove Mountains occurs at c. 550 Ma, and the tectonothermal evolution terminated at c. 500 Ma. The Grenvillian granulite facies metamorphism did not develop in the studied area.(5)The Prydz belt, the second Pan-African suture within the Gondwana suppercontinent, was further comfirmed based on this study. The Gondwana suppercontinent was not formed by the simply juxtaposition of East and West Gondwana, but by the collision of several blocks during the Pan-African time.

本项目通过格罗夫山地区高级变质杂岩的变质岩石学和同位素年代学研究，获得如下重要认识：（1）发现辉石出溶结构，由此获得峰期变质温度为850 C，并根据火成普通辉石的识别确定该区只存在单相麻粒岩相变质；（2）通过伟晶岩中石榴石斑晶与围岩中石榴石的对比研究提出了石榴石的捕虏晶成因，进而确定该区不存在晚期角闪岩相变质作用；（3）在东南极首次识别出泛非期紫苏花岗岩和后构造层状花岗岩，为泛非构造热事件的碰撞造山成因提供了重要佐证；（4）对不同岩石类型的锆石SHRIMP定年精确地限定了格罗夫山地区主期变质作用发生于泛非期，～550 Ma，热事件结束于～500 Ma，年代学数据没有揭示在该区存在格林威尔期麻粒岩相变质作用的迹象；（5）进一步确认了东南极内部普里兹带的存在，它属于冈瓦纳超大陆内部的第二条泛非期缝合带，据此认为冈瓦纳超大陆并不是由东、西冈瓦纳陆块的简单拼合而成，而是多个不同块体拼合的结果。

It is shown that in the basins in the Eastern China, onshore and offshore, the formation of CO2 reservoir is crust-sourced and crust-mantal-mixed-sourced, mainly controlled by local activity of hot fluid into the mud diapir area in multi-phase and multi-zones in physical-chemical mechanism of very thick marine calcareous sandstone and mudstone of Pliocene-Miocene. The volcano- and mantle-sourced CO2 in the Qiongdongnan Basin and Pearl River Mouth Basin is mainly controlled by magmatism and major faults which cut through the basements and link to the mantle gas.

研究表明，中国东部陆相断陷盆地与东海陆架盆地及南海北部陆架琼东南盆地东部和珠江口盆地的CO2气藏及高含CO2油气藏中CO2均属典型的火山幔源型成因，主要受控于幔源型火山活动脱气与沟通深部气源的基底深大断裂的导气配置作用，其运聚富集规律及控制因素与幔源型火山活动及深大断裂的发育展布密切相关，CO2气源主要来自地壳深部幔源火山活动所脱出的大量原始CO2；南海北部陆架西区莺歌海盆地CO2气藏及中国东部陆相断陷盆地部分高含CO2油气藏中CO2，则属于壳源型及壳幔混合型成因，CO2形成及运聚成藏，主要受控于火山侵入活动对碳酸盐岩的烘烤和泥底辟热流体晚期分层分块多期的局部上侵活动与沉积巨厚的海相含钙砂泥岩的物理化学综合作用，其运聚分布规律具多期和分层分区的特点。

The maximum horizon can not only extend F oil layer, but also can extend Y oil layer. The oil-gas shows of FY oil layer now distribute in the oil-gas supplying areas of Kl q(superscript 1 subscript n) sourcerock into FY oil layers. It indicates that the oil-gas supplying of K1 q(superscript 1 subscript n) sourcrock to FY oil layers controls the accumulation and distribution of oil-gas in F, Y oil layers.

目前滨北地区扶杨油层见到的油气显示均分布在青一段源岩生成的油气向扶杨油层"倒灌"运移的区域内，表明青一段源岩对扶杨油层供给油气作用对扶杨油层油气成藏与分布有着重要的控制作用。

The composi-tion of the seawater has changed rapidly since Phanerozoic, and the prolonged mineralogical changes of marine non-skeletal limestone and potash evaporates occurred in a phase on a 100-200 Ma.

结果表明：显生宙以来海水组分发生变化，经海相非骨骼灰岩和钾盐蒸发岩矿物学研究，发现这两种沉积岩长期以来连续变化，在"文石海"是MgSO4型蒸发盐，在"方解石海"是KCl型蒸发盐，从白垩纪晚期、第三纪早期的底部石盐溴含量及矿物学特征表明，此时处于"方解石海"，古海水组分的特点是造成缺硫酸盐型钾盐矿床形成的物化基础；通过NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-H2O和NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-CaCl2-H2O两个体系相图的分析认为，当时所形成的成钾原始体系母液是高镁、低钾氯化物型的卤水，在母液蒸发过程中，由于原始海侵母液与残余高镁母液的掺杂作用，致使结晶路线直接从氯化钠区到E点母液或光卤石与氯化钠共饱线上，而没有通过氯化钠和氯化钾的共饱线，因而在矿体中氯化钾相很少或几乎不存在，由于外界CaCl2型水体的掺杂，使成钾母液进入光卤石相区，随着蒸发的进行，最终形成溢晶石矿物。

Hypogene high thermal or deep source epi-mesothermal condition and it is not only stressed the mantle source simply but also the crust-mantle;②in order to guid ore exploration better the artificial classification of uranium deposits should be broken and uranium ore-forming system strengthened;③much attention should be paid to searching the diabase-hosted rich uranium ore in strongly argillized cataclastic zone;④attention should be paid to the influence of basement of volcanic basin on the uranium ore formation that should be undstood both in feeling and theoretically through the ore propect process;⑤relation of red basin with uranium ore formation can be made clear from analyzing tectonics, paleo-climate and time and it is not only theoretically important but also helpful to uranium ore prediction;⑥crypto explosive pipe is an uranium ore, rich uranium ore host structure and it is the next goal for uranium ore exploration in east China.

摘要文章论述了华东火山岩型铀矿找矿值得重视的地质问题：①铀成矿既可形成于浅源浅成低温条件，也可形成于深源深成高温或深源浅成中低温条件，在强调深源时，不是简单地认为是幔源就可以了，还必须强调壳幔作用的地质过程；②打破人为的&类型&划分，加强&铀成矿系统&的研究，更好地指导找矿；③研究基性脉体与铀成矿问题应注意构造、岩石矿物成分、成因、蚀变与成矿3大问题，注意寻找泥岩化作用强烈的破碎辉绿岩脉中的富铀矿；④火山盆地基底对铀成矿的作用主要是提供铀源，将基底对铀成矿的影响从感性认识推向理性认识，有效地指导找矿；⑤红盆与铀成矿关系可以从构造、古气候及时间分析研究中得出结论，它不仅仅是一个理论问题，而且有助于铀成矿预测；⑥隐爆角砾岩筒是铀成矿、成富矿的重要储矿构造，是华东火山岩型铀矿找矿的新领域。

The second group are the mixtures of Jurassic coal-formed oils and Cretaceous-derived oils. The carbon isotope, n-alkanes and isoprenoids compositions of these oils are similar to core extracts from Jurassic coal measures. However, sterane and terpane compositions of these oils show affinity to Cretaceous source rocks. It is deduced that coal-formed oils dissolved the biomarker-rich Cretaceous bitumen of relatively low thermal maturity, and overprinting occurs during oil migration.

第二类原油具有侏罗系煤系烃源岩与白垩系湖相泥质烃源岩混源的特点，这类原油的碳同位素组成、正构烷烃分布特征和姥植比等均表现出煤成油的特征，但甾、萜烷烃类化合物组成与白垩系烃源岩接近，推测是由于侏罗系煤成油在向上运移成藏过程中，受到成熟度相对较低、生物标志物相对丰富的白垩系烃源岩的浸析作用所致。

This paper deals with the mineral chemistry of amphiboles and feldspars in the complex to demonstrate the temperature and pressure conditions of crystallization.

本文通过对刘家洼杂岩体角闪石、长石矿物化学的研究，揭示岩体形成时的温度为 73 0～ 81 0℃，而结晶压力变化于 6.6× 1 0 8～ 2 。2× 1 0 8Pa之间，表明在该岩体形成过程中，经历了明显的剥露作用。

Based on the study of K1 qn 1 source rock development and hydrocarbon-expulsion characteristics, overpressure and its distributing characteristicss, T2 source fault and its distributing characteristics of Fu-Yang oil layer in Sanzhao depression, the match of source rock, overpressure and fault and its controlling effects on hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution have been studied.

在综合研究三肇凹陷青一段源岩发育及排烃特征、超压及分布特征和T2源断裂及分布特征源岩、超压和断裂空间匹配关系对油成藏与分布控制作用的基础上：认为青一段源岩和其内超压空间匹配控制着三肇凹陷扶杨油层油成藏分布范围，超压和T2源断裂配置控制着扶杨油层油聚集深度和层位，超压和T2源断裂平面配置控制着扶杨油层油聚集的部位。

A predictive model for silica scaling was established according to the solubility product theory.The model was used to predict the quantity of silica scaling in the test site of Xingbei Oilfield in Daqing area.

基于试验区地层岩石及流体特点，对碱、表面活性剂、聚合物及三元复合体系在相关条件下的动态、静态水-岩反应进行了模拟试验，以确定这些因素对成垢作用的影响。

Prismatic layers are parts of the secondary shells of fossil brachiopods as are fibrous layers, the former, however, preserved better than the latter.

壳体次级纤维层和次级棱柱层虽然同是腕足化石次级壳体的组成部分，但前者遭受成岩后生作用的改造程度高于后者。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。