成岩

The formation of hydrocarbons from a source rock as bitumen forms from kerogen and accumulates as oil or gas.

烃类从源岩中形成的作用，如由干酪根形成沥青并聚集成油或气。

We also present the test result of impulse response with the overthrust model.

继而，对岩丘模型，文中讨论了成像参数的选择、地震子波对成像精度的影响、并完成二维及三维叠前深度偏移的比较；对推覆体模型，文中进行了脉冲响应测试。

This beautiful rock salt bowl is not the outcome of moulding but skillfully carved by our craftsman.

这个精美的盐岩碗并非铸造而成，它是由我们的工匠精心调刻而成。

Therefore, the western Taim basin has been considered to be a favorable location in search for ancient sylvinite deposits. In order to indentify its marine or continental sedimentary facies and also the sedimentary stages, the authors selected the late stage evaporates of gypsum and salt minerals and measured the values of sulfur and chlorine isotopes.

为了更准备地判断其成盐的海陆相特征，即成盐物质的主要来源，以及岩盐沉积之前的古卤水蒸发浓缩阶段，预测更有前景的成钾远景区，论文选择了蒸发岩沉积序列中的石膏及石盐矿物，分别分析了其硫同位素及氯同位素分布特征。

For single vug,when the lateral scale of vug is smaller than Fresnel radius,and the vertical scale is smaller than tuning thickness,the reflection amplitude of vug is proportional to its scale. For carbonate reservoir with random arranged vug,seismic wave amplitude is proportional to vug density.Key words random medium;forward modeling;carbonate;vug

对于单个的溶洞而言，当溶洞横向尺度小于菲涅尔带半径，纵向尺度小于调谐厚度时，溶洞反射振幅与溶洞尺度成正比例关系；对于随机分布孔洞的碳酸盐岩储层而言，地震波能量与孔洞密度成正比例关系。

Comprehensive analyses of hydrocarbon pooling elements such as thermal evolution of source rocks, the time of pooling and the history of fracturing show that evaporate fractionation was induced by the Himalayan decompression through fractures and the invasion of large volume of allochthonous dry gas.

结合该区烃源岩热演化、油气成藏时间、断裂活动史等成藏要素的四维耦合性剖析，结论认为：喜山期断裂泄压作用以及大量他源干气的侵入诱发了该区蒸发分馏作用的产生。

The basin experienced three basin-forming cycles of Neopaleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras. Mesozoic fault and depression compounding basin composed the northern margin Jurassic petroleum system and the Cenozoic large-scale strike-slip and compressional basins composed the Tertiary petroleum system of the western Qaidam basin and Quaternary petroleum system of Sanhu. The intense tectogenesis of Yanshan and Xishan made the Jurassic petroleum system of the northern Qaidam more complex. The monocycle paleoclimate evolution in Cenozoic Era and multi-tectonic movement made the lake-basin evolution, hydrocarbon source-rock, reservoir development, accumulation condition and petroleum distribution are more exceptive in character and complex in feature.

该盆地经历了晚古生代、中生代和新生代3个成盆旋回，中生代断坳复合盆地形成了柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系油气系统，新生代大型走滑挤压盆地形成了柴达木盆地西部第三系油气系统和三湖第四系天然气系统，燕山和喜山2期强烈构造运动使柴北缘侏罗系油气系统高度复杂化，新生代单旋回古气候演化与多期构造运动使湖盆演化、烃源岩和沉积储层发育特征、成藏条件与油气分布规律变得十分特殊和复杂。

Based on above studies, some main conclusions were obtained as follows : 1 the diatoms forming mats in low latitude west pacific is"shade flora"diatom Ethmodiscus rex Hendey; 2 the sites found diatom mats are zone distributed, the direction is NW-SE and most distribute in the deep water area with flat seafloor, between 17°N～20°N and the water depth 4837-6150 m below Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD 3) AMS 14C dates show that the sediments rich in diatom mats occurred during 16.0 ~ 28.6 ka B.P., which means the bloom mainly occurred in last glacial maximum, while there are not diatom mats deposits in other layers; 4 A total of 101 diatom taxa belonging to 40 genera had been identified from the 155 samples in the two cores WPD 03 and WPD 12, and the relative percentage of Thalassionema frauenfeldii are the highest, Thalassionema nitzschioides、Azpeitia nodulifera、Hemidiscus cuneiformis、Nitzschia marina take the second place.

14C年期间，即&勃发&发生于末次冰期最盛期；4在WPD 03和WPD 12两个岩芯共155个样品中共鉴定硅藻40属101种，且Thalassionema frauenfeldii的相对百分含量最高，Thalassionema nitzschioides、Azpeitia nodulifera、Nitzschia marina、Hemidiscus cuneiformis等次之，这五种硅藻占整个硅藻物种相对百分含量的85%左右，说明在该海域表层水体硅藻席沉积过程中，这五种硅藻最容易与成席硅藻在同时期的环境中生存，形成勃发；5MIS3期的晚期，该区域表层海水盐度降低，这有助于该区水体的成层化，从而使&树荫种&硅藻开始勃发，导致&秋季倾泻&；6末次冰期由于南极中层水北扩，南大洋中层水将富含硅酸盐的海水带入了研究区，即南大洋的&硅溢漏&作用，使该区域硅藻得以勃发，同时，铁输入的增多，可能也是造成硅藻勃发的主要原因之一。

Based on the discussion of exploration problems, the hydrocarbon generation, migration direction, and reservoir forming conditions of source rock in Palaeogene are analyzed in this paper.

禹城地区是临清坳陷东部最具潜力生油洼陷，在讨论勘探存在问题的基础上，本文综合分析了禹城地区古近系烃源岩成烃特点、油气运移方向和成藏条件。

Two sets of oil-bearing series,the upper E_2s_4 and E_2s_3 of Palaeogene in Boxing subsag,were studied by adopting organic geochemistry,high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and pool-forming dynamics.

应用有机地球化学、高分辨率层序地层学和成藏动力学等研究方法，对博兴洼陷古近系沙四上亚段和沙三段两套烃源岩的油气成藏的差异性进行了研究。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。