成岩

The authors have summarized relevant data studied by overseas scientists and suggested the definition of chalky texture formation as "Chalky texture formation refers to that magnesium calcite and aragonite are transformed into the framework of micrite and microspar of low-magnesium calcite via neomorphism, and result in and maintain intercrystalline pore and throat networks in it; enhanced chalky texture formation refers to that the micrite and microspar are successively subjected to dissolution and leaching, so that the secondary network of solution voids is formed".

综合各国学者的有关研究资料，建议将白垩状结构化定义为：&碳酸盐沉积物和碳酸盐岩中的镁方解石和文石在不同成岩阶段通过新生变形而转变成低镁方解石微晶和微亮晶格架，并在其中产生和保存晶间孔喉网络的作用；强化白垩状结构化是指微晶和微亮晶格架受到进一步溶蚀和淋滤，从而形成次生溶蚀孔隙网络的作用&。

By means of sedimentary and diagenetic study, this paper analyzed the origin of sand bodies, diagenesis, pore evolution, reservoir characteristic and its influencing factors of Shahejie Formation in Huanghua Depression. On the basis of these work, the author investigated the formation mechanism of secondary pore in deep reservoir and made an evaluation and predictation on the favourable reservoir beds.

本文通过沉积和成岩相结合的研究方法，对黄骅坳陷中北区板桥、歧口凹陷深层沙河街组的砂体成因、成岩作用、孔隙演化、储层特征及物性影响因素进行了分析，在此基础上对深层砂岩次生孔隙形成机理进行了探讨，对深层有利储集砂体的分布进行了评价和预测。

Studies on rock and ore micro fabric that control mineral preservation stratum of the deposit,and the siliconization and pyritization contacted with gold mine origin reflects the characteristic of syndepositiondiagenesis,which indicates the sediment-diagenesis and later stage mild reconstructive genetic mechanism of Shuiyindong gold deposit.

黔西南水银洞金矿是一特大型富金矿床，矿体成群多层、顺层产于龙潭组地层中，通过系统研究水银洞金矿赋矿地层岩石及矿石的显微组构特征，以及与金矿成因联系密切的硅化及黄铁矿化特征，均显示为同沉积—成岩特征，共同指示水银洞金矿沉积—成岩后期轻微改造的成因机制。

The three kinds of associated minerals have implied the characteristic mineral combination of volcanic tuffaceous alteration, which illustrated the reliable deposition of the contemporaneous palaeovolcano events and signified the diagenetic epigenetic alteration records in the volcanic tuffaceous matters transiting from the acidic environment to the alkaline environment.

这三种矿物共生构成火山凝灰质蚀变的特征矿物组合，是同生期古火山事件的可靠沉积和成岩后生蚀变记录，也是火山凝灰物质成岩后生条件由酸性过渡到碱性的古环境转变的标型记录。

Pressure separation is usually controlled by the following factors, such as subsidence rate, sediment types and diagenesis during the diagenetic evolution, as a result the pressure gradient is uncontinuous.

文摘：地层压力分隔化是由于沉积物在成岩演化过程中受各种因素，如沉积速率、沉积物类型以及成岩作用的影响，使地层中的流体压力梯度呈现出随深度变化不连续的一种现象。

The beach body of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in northwestern Sichuan can be divided into platform marginal oolitic beach and intraplatform point beach. The water is relatively deeper at the forming of most of platform marginal oolitic beach which is not transformed by the diagenesis of fresh water and mixed water and has poor reservoir properties. However, a part of oolitic beach formed under shallow water environment, and it is transformed by the diagenesis of fresh water and mixed water and well dolomitized, which can form excellent reservoir.

川西北下三叠统飞仙关组滩体分为台地边缘鲕粒滩和台地内点滩2种类型，多数台地边缘鲕粒滩形成时水体相对较深，未经大气淡水和混合水的成岩改造，储集性能较差，局部鲕粒滩形成时水体较浅，在经过大气淡水和混合水的成岩作用改造后，白云石化好，可形成储集性能极好的储集体；台地内点滩白云石化较好，储集性能也较好，但分布狭窄，厚度较薄，无规律可寻。

The present crustal accretion model at a fast spreading ridge predicts at least an order of magnitude difference on average in the crystallization time, the time for a crystal to cool itself to a given temperature, between the upper gabbros and lower gabbros.

通过海洋地壳生成模型得到的典型快速扩张的太平洋中脊处海洋地壳内的热结构和速度场，推算出海洋地壳内的辉长岩层上、下组的成岩时间存在大于一个数量级的差异(成岩时间是指岩浆降温到某一指定温度时所经历的时间)。

Porosity evolution influenced by those diageneses is also analyzed. The dissolution and alteration of feldspars and unstable rock fragments are the main constructive diageneses, but the compaction, pressure solution and cementation are the main destructive diageneses which are unavoidable.

溶蚀作用与蚀变作用是形成砂岩储层的两大建设性成岩作用，云母类矿物的水解作用对孔隙的形成也起到一定的积极作用；但机械压实、压溶作用和胶结作用则是储层形成过程中不可避免的破坏性成岩作用。

In general, it is similar in pore assemblage type, the stage division and the type of diagenesis, but there are great differences existed in rock types, clastic granularity, the type of infillings, and the influence of reservoir, because the reservoir located in different deposition belts and the different degree of diagenesis.

总体上，它们具有相似的孔隙组合类型、成岩作用阶段及类型划分；但因其所处的沉积相带和成岩作用强度不同，在岩石类型、碎屑粒度、填隙物类型及其对储层的影响作用方面有着很大的区别。

Study shows that compaction and cementation can play a destructive role in Suining formation reservoir,while dissolution and fracturing can play a constructive role in that.The main facies of Suining formation are ferruginous-shale film,anhydrite,dolomite and calcite.The micro-fracture and grain-edged fracture mainly resulted from compaction fracturing,compaction slipping and tectonic dynamic force greatly improve the reservoir permeability.

研究表明：①对遂宁组储层起破坏作用的是压实作用、胶结作用和交代作用，而溶蚀作用、压裂作用则对储层起到建设性作用；②遂宁组最主要的成岩相组合为铁泥膜－硬石膏－白云石－方解石成岩相；③由压实破裂、压实滑动和构造动力形成的微裂缝、粒缘缝有效改善了储层的渗透性。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。