成层

The sedimentation is the foundation, affecting the basic pattern of the reservoir,and the sedimentary facies zones beneficial to the formation and evolution of the reservoir includes platform edge bank facies, introplatform point beach facies and acclivity sedimentary facies, etc.; the diagenesis is the key factor, determining the pattern and scope of the final distribution of the reservoir and being of great influence on reservoir structure, and the diagenesis of promoting the formation of storage rooms is mainly the dissolution occurred during hypergene stage and burial stage;and the tectonism is the condition of influencing the connectivity among various reservoir bodies and among the storage rooms within a single reservoir body.

该套储层是在4亿年左右的地质历史中，由沉积、成岩和构造作用相互影响而形成的最终成果：其中沉积作用是基础，影响着储层的基本形态，有利于储层形成与演化的沉积相为台地边缘滩、台内点滩和上斜坡等沉积相带；成岩作用是关键，决定了储层的最终分布形态和范围，对储层结构的影响至关重要，促进储集空间形成的成岩作用主要有表生期和埋藏期的溶解作用；构造作用是条件，影响着各储集体之间以及单一储集体内部储集空间的连通情况。

Base on core observation and grain size analysis, and under associated consideration of logging trace characteristics, Chang8 reservoir in study area is classified into three sedimentatal microfacies, subsea river, mouth bar and river flank.3.The mian diagenesis in study area are: mechanical compaction, cementation, metasomasis and denudation in late diagenetic phase.4. In allocation of reservoir macroscopic heterogeneity, more heterogeneticer reservoir, class 1 and class 2, mainly locate in the center of subsea river or crook and divaricate of the river; class 3 and class 4 mainly locate in river flank, and the physical property of these locality are better.5. Diagenesis of reservoir have influence on the pore structure which influences the reservoir microscopic heterogeneity. The better the pore structure is, the slighter the reservoir microscopic heterogeneity is; on the contrary, the reservoir microscopic heterogeneity is serious.

本次研究所取得的主要成果及熟悉有：1、将合水地区长8储层细分为6个小层：长8_1~1、长8_1~2、长8_1~3、长8_2~1、长8_2~2和长8_2~3.2、依据岩心观察和粒度分析，并结合测井曲线特征，研究区长8储层分为水下分流河道、河口坝和河道侧翼四种沉积微相。3、研究区主要经历的成岩作用有：机械压实和压溶作用、胶结作用、交代作用、晚成岩期溶解作用。4、从宏观非均质性平面展布特征来看研究区宏观非均质较强的1类和2类区主要分布于水下分流河道中间或河道拐弯和分又处。3类和4类往则主要分布于水下分流河道侧翼，这些地方储层均质性相对较好。5、储层成岩作用影响储层的孔隙结构，储层的孔隙结构又对储层的微观非均质性有不同程度的影响，孔隙结构越好，则储层的均质性越好，储层的孔隙结构差，则非均质性强。

Reefs, reef-mounds and lime mud mounds are all carbonate buildups, and the reefs and banks are important targets for petroleum exploration The reefs, banks and mounds should be divided from each other not only in theory, but also in exploration practice, because of so many differences in sedimentary compositions, fabrics, environments, distribution in time and space, and the characteristics of petroleum geology If the original reef or bank itself was fine reservoir rocks, then it would become a better reservoir after the reservoirconstructive diagenesis The formation of a high quality carbonate reservoir is controlled by two factors: the sedimentary microfacies and the reservoirconstructive diagenesis The first is the basis for the formation of a high quality reservoir, and with the high energy reefbank facies as the best; the latter includes the cataclasis, the dolomitization and the karstification The dolomitization and karstification are the best for the formation of a high quality reservoir The karstification has the widest distribution, profoundest effect, and plays a vital role in the high quality reservoir forming The karst types are quite rich in the limestone reef or bank reservoir, including synsedimentary karst, penesedimentary karst, supergene karst and hydrothermal karst, and so does the dolomitization reef or bank reservoir The formation mechanism of synsedimentary karst and penesedimentary karst is related to the short time exposing and leaching of the cyclical highfrequency shallowupward sequence when the reefs or banks are forming The supergene karst is controlled by the exposing and leaching of tertiary cyclic sequence type I interface after the reefs or banks forming Thus, there developed a great deal of secondary corrosion pores, corrosion fractures and huge caves besides some original pores remained in the reef and bank reservoir Scarcely there are any original effective pores in reefmounds and lime mud mounds, especially in senkes among mounds, but secondary pores could be formed by karstification, and there would likely develop source rocks with high organic abundance

礁、礁丘、丘同属碳酸盐建隆，礁、滩是重要勘探目的层。但各自在沉积组分、组构、环境和时空分布，以及油气地质条件上迥然不同，因而无论从理论还是勘探实践上，都有必要将其各成体系划分开来。礁滩自身为好储集岩，当建设性成岩作用叠加后可形成好的储层。碳酸盐岩优质储层形成，主要受沉积微相与建设性成岩作用两大因素控制。前者是基础，并以高能的礁滩相带为最好；后者主要包括破裂、白云石化和溶蚀三大类，并以白云石化或溶蚀为最优，其中的溶蚀分布最广泛、影响最深刻而对优质储层形成起决定性作用。礁滩储层中的古岩溶类型最为丰富多彩，包括同生期、准同生期、表生期和埋藏期热流体岩溶的所有类型，白云岩化礁滩体也不例外。其中，同生准同生期岩溶的形成机制与礁滩沉积时高频层序旋回向上变浅序列的短暂暴露淋溶有关，表生期岩溶则受控于礁滩沉积后三级层序旋回Ⅰ型界面的暴露淋溶。由此，导致礁滩储层中除了可以也是唯一保存原生孔隙外，还发育了次生溶蚀孔洞缝和大型溶洞。礁丘、灰泥丘尤其是丘间洼地中发育高有机质丰度烃源岩；它们自身没有有效的原生孔隙，但岩溶作用可以形成次生孔隙。

The results show that when the tunnel is excavated in the single soil layer, the vertical displacement is similar as settlement. When the tunnel is located at the typical soil layers, there are torsions as well as the settlement.

分析结果表明，在单一土层中由于土体的约束作用，结构产生的位移以整体沉降为主，在成层土体中除产生一定的整体变形外还伴随一定的扭转变形。

Although same belongs to front delta facies zone, and the foregoing reasons, the north depositional system controlled areas sediment smaller grain size, mostly siltstone, shaly siltstone (or a variety of calcium-pelitic siltstone) and mudstone portfolio, and there are lots of ostracods in these lithology, some ostracods formed stratigraphy, and north-west of the lithology of depositional systems is correspondingly more coarse, coarse pebbly, coarse sandstone and fine sandstone, and so on.

虽然同属三角洲前缘相带，但由于前述原因，造成北部沉积体系控制的地区沉积物粒度较细，多为粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩和泥岩组合，且上述各种岩性中介形虫含量特别多、还有部分成层介形虫；而西北沉积体系控制的沉积物的岩性则相应粗得多，甚至有很多井钻遇砾岩、含砾粗砂岩、粗砂岩等粒度较粗的岩性。

NO·1层: No girl 主 have to marry 谓 a man 宾 whose continue title have the alike initial as ITs ,定语语法 for, as the rhyme goes,"Change 状语语法 the title but not the letter, marry for worse instead of preferable."

要点 这是个主从复合句。for是连接词，引导状语语法。as the rhyme goes是插入语，插在for和它引导的语法之间，造成for和它引导的语法的分离，中文英语互译时，可译成唯一主谓框架。译文妞妞不该嫁给与本人的姓的首字母相同的人，因该正如一首童谣所说：改姓不改首字母，婚后必将受其苦。

NO·1层: No girl 主 have to marry 谓 a man 宾 whose continue title have the alike initial as ITs ,定语语法 for, as the rhyme goes,"Change 状语语法 the title but not the letter, marry for worse instead of preferable."

要点 这是个主从复合句。for是连接词，引导状语语法。as the rhyme goes是插入语，插在for和它引导的语法之间，造成for和它引导的语法的分离，中英对译时，可译成唯一主谓框架。译文妞妞不该嫁给与本人的姓的首字母相同的人，因该正如一首童谣所说：改姓不改首字母，婚后必将受其苦。

Considering the layer of soil mass and the change of body friction force of single pile, Cookes shearing deformation method is discussed and is made to be tally with the actual situation.

考虑到土的成层性和桩周摩阻力的变化，对库克剪切变形法进行了探讨，使之更符合实际情况。

The time-domain response model of flaw long screw drill and pour pile was established based on the damped wave equation of pile-soil interaction system.

从桩-土系统共同作用的波动阻尼方程入手，建立了成层土中缺陷长螺旋钻孔灌注桩的时域响应模型。

Using your tamping rod, pack wet concrete into a layer about 2.5 thick in the bottom of your outer mold.

利用成层约2.5在你的外模底厚的捣固棒，包湿的混凝土。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失