成对

Using simulations, we found the best geometry of the collimator is the one with a rectangle aperture and all of them are placed in two groups with an orthogonal orientation, which will have good resolution and sensitivity, and also be easy to manufacture. The rectangle aperture gives good imaging accuracy along the short side, and wide viewing along the long side. The orthogonal orientation for collimators will allow us to observe the source and the background simultaneously.

通过模拟发现，综合考虑了对强源成像的分辨率以及对弱源的灵敏度，以及加工的容易程度，论文提出了最优的准直器设计方案是用长方形准直器，并且将所有准直器分成两组，垂直摆放，一方面可以约束两个方向上的成像质量，同时具有较高的成像分辨率和定位精度，并且非常利于定点观测时的源和本底同时观测。

In order to investigate the inhibitory effect of salvia miltiorrhiza and tetramethyl pyrazine on scartricial fibroblast, the hypertrophic scar tissue of chest was chosen for culture of fibroblasts, and the influence of SM and TP on fibroblasts was observed, The effect of the drugs on the growth of fibroblasts, on DNA synthesis of fibroblasts and on mitosis index of fibroblasts were all determined quantitatively.

摘 要 增生性瘢痕是临床治疗难题之一，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。为了探讨丹参和川芎嗪对瘢痕成纤维细胞的抑制作用，取12例患者胸部增生性瘢痕组织，通过体外成纤维细胞培养，探讨不同药物浓度、不同作用时间对成纤维细胞生长的影响。

In this paper, through an imaging system , the planar image of the inner sur- face of a pipe is obtained, and the judging creteria of analogy between object and image is given. Then, the geometric shapes of images of planar mirror ,conemirror ,off- axis spherical mirror are analysed in detail .

对管道内表面，通过成像系统在乎面上成像，给出其物像之间几何形状相似的判定标准，并对平面反射镜、圆锥反射镜和离轴球面反射镜在平面上成像的几何形状进行了详细的分析。

Plyfil composite yarns is similar to two-ply yarn structures.

纺纱方法决定着成纱结构，成纱结构与纱线组成原料又决定了纱线的性能。sirofil复合纱线纺纱时长丝与短纤纱须条的间距及长丝的张力，plyfil复合线加工时二组分间并线张力对成纱结构及纱线的性能有着重要影响。sirofil复合纱的成纱横截面呈近似圆形结构，长丝位于成纱的一侧；纵向呈有"股线螺纹"的单纱外观。plyfil复合线具有类似于传统双股线的横截面和纵向外观。

We had enough of sympathy for fifty years;it nev-er brought us anything;and we would rather havean angry man going to the government and saying,my business is interfered with and I won't submitto its being interfered with any longer because youwon't give women the vote,than to have a gentle－man come onto our platforms year in and year outand talk about his ardent sympathy with woman suffrage.

她所需要的是办成某件实事，至于办成这件事是出于同情还是恐惧，还是由于人们企盼重享安宁而不在这方面再有烦恼，只要这件事已办成，就都没有什么特别要紧的了。50年间我们得到过足够多的同情，却从未因而得益；与其看到一位绅士年复一年地走上我们的讲台侈谈他对妇女选举权的热忱，还不如看到一个愤怒的男人去对政府说，我的生意受到了阻碍，我不能容忍由于你们不给妇女以选举权而使我的事业继续受到干扰。

From the ester n, the intermediate Ⅲwas produced by the Sonogashira coupling reaction with terminal alkynes under the co-catalysts of Pd2 and Cul. These final products of alkynyl benzamide derivatives IV were obtained by the cleavage of support with primary or second amines.

液相合成兼容了固相合成可快速简便地对产物进行分离纯化以及溶液相合成可在均相条件下进行反应和用常规手段对反应中间体进行分析检测的优点，用聚乙二醇4000作为可溶性聚合物支持体，通过醚键将[1，3，5]氯三嗪连接在PEG上制备成PEG支持的新型的可溶性聚合物试剂I。

The effect of glass transition temperature on amount of coalescing agent and mechanic capability of film was also researched. At a Tg of 45℃, the amount of self-crosslinking coalescent GAN was preferably 10% and the amount of metal self-crosslinking coalescent was preferably 16%.

另外我们还研究了Tg对成膜助剂量的影响与Tg对乳液涂膜的机械性质的影响，Tg为45℃的乳液，在较低的室温下GAN自交联乳液成膜助剂的用量为10％，而金属自交联乳液的成膜助剂的用量要在16％左右。

This thesis investigates the profile extraction and shape optimization on the result of topology optimization of planar compliant mechanisms. The main context includes the following work:(1) summarizing and analyzing the recent research status, some harvest and unsolved problems;(2) analyzing the conceptual design of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms and its mathematical model and tools;(3) Modifying the method of density contour as the method of profile extraction, and developing a method to optimize the density function in the profile extraction according to the requirement of the design of compliant mechanism;(4) developing a method to abstract the compliant mechanism into a form of links and joints by using the principle of connectivity on topology;(5) developing a method of shape optimization of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms, by representing the profile of the abstracted compliant mechanism as simple curves such as straight lines and arcs, establishing the models of the size optimization of the parameters of these curves, so that the compliant mechanism has a machinable shape;(6) At last, proving the feasibleness and effectiveness of the design method by making simulation design and validating it in FEA software.

主要工作包括：(1)分析了柔顺机构拓扑优化和形状优化的研究现状，分析了目前柔顺机构的研究重点、主要成果和尚未解决的问题；(2)分析了基于SIMP的柔顺机构概念设计方法及其相关工具和模型；(3)针对柔顺机构轮廓提取的特殊要求，提出了密度等值线法的改进方案，对密度函数插值点密度值进行优化，提出优化模型和选择优化算法；(4)根据轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构自身的形状特点，提出了轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构的抽象方法，即应用拓扑学上的连通性原理将柔顺机构抽象成杆件和结点形式，并对相应的数学原理进行了证明；(5)提出了平面全柔顺机构的形状还原和尺寸优化方法，对抽象的柔顺机构进行还原，将其轮廓还原成简单曲线的连接，从而建立尺寸优化模型，对机构进行尺寸优化设计，在得到可加工的机构轮廓的同时又能对关键部位进行特别处理；(6)进行了柔顺机构的数值仿真设计，并将所得设计结果导入商用有限元软件中进行仿真实验，证明了设计方法的可行性和有效性。

It was found in this investigation that boron exerted considerable influenceon the nucleation and growth of pearlite. In a hypoeutectoid steel, boron delayedthe starting time of pearlite formation at the maximum pearlite formation temp-erature. Boron did not effect the relation of nucleation rate with time butonly increased the incubation period for pearlite nucleation.

从实验结果证明，硼对珠光体的成核及成长是有影响的；在亚共析钢中硼促使珠光体的开始形成时间推迟，增长了珠光体成核的孕育期，但对成核率与时间的关系，在近于A_1温度(700℃)时，略为加速，而在珠光体转变速度最大的温度(650℃)时却没有影响。

The dissertation mainly consists of two parts:1. The Reaction Chemistry of Alkynes under Palladium Catalysis Part 1 studies the reaction α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with alkenylpalladium intermediate generated by nucleopalladation, and discovered 1 the Pd-catalyzed tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls,2 the four-component tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, 3 the tandem intramolecular oxypalladation-conjugate additionreaction of alkynoic acids with α,β-enals. These new reactions provide notonly efficient highly stereoselective methods for the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated,polyunsaturated carbonyl compounds and γ-lactonic aldehydes, but also thebasic transformations for a number of C-C bond formation reactions which can be usedto design synthesis of many acyclic, cyclic or polycyclic compounds.

本论文的主要工作分为两个部分：一、钯催化下炔烃的反应化学在本小组前人工作的基础上，我们详细研究了炔烃亲核钯化产生的烯基钯中间体与α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的反应，发现两价钯催化下卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的串联加成反应、卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的西组分串联加成及炔酸分子内氧钯化-串联Michael型加成反应；由此发展了γ，δ-不饱和醛酮、多不饱和羰基化合物和带有醛酮基侧链的γ-丁内酯衍生物的高立体选择性合成方法，这一过量卤离子存在下的烯基钯对α，β-不饱和羰基化合物共轭加成反应的发现，为大量碳-碳键形成反应的实现提供了基础，使我们能够从这一基本反应出发，设计和开发多种分子内、分子间的碳碳成键反应，以好的立体、区域选择性组建开链、环状及多环类型的化合物。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。