成分

Alkalescence a flux, such as alkali metals and alkaline-earth metal, zinc oxide and most stain oxide or chromophores components are gender neutral, the principal is alumian oxide, sometimes hemaite and electrolyic, and so on are also included in this composition; acidic components of oxide for silica, phosphoric acid, zirconia, etc.

碱性成分为熔剂，如碱金属、碱土金属、氧化锌及多数的着色氧化物或发色基团；中性成分为两性氧化物，主体为氧化铝，有时将氧化铁和氧化锰等也列入此成分中；酸性成分中有代表性的氧化物为氧化硅、磷酸、氧化锆等

Composition of both spermatophyte and pteridophyte flora of a relict Alsophila spinulosa community in Wutongqiao Nature Reserve of Leshan region was discussed. It shows the proportion of Tropic and Cathaysia elements in both spermatophyte flora and pteridophyte flora was almost 2/3 of the total at the genus level, and even more at the family level. There was a distinct ancient endemism phenomenon in spermatophyte flora, owning to being 8 relict and remnant endemism genera in the total of 9. Furthermore, the proportion of Tropic and Cathaysia elements both at family and genus level in the pteridophyte flora were much greater.

选以乐山五通桥桫椤自然保护区-桫椤群落的种子植物区系与蕨类植物区系组成为研究对象，发现种子植物区系在属的水平上热带成分与古华夏成分占到近2/3，在科的水平上则更高；种子植物区系中有9个中国特有属，其中8个为残遗或原始类型的古特有属，表现出典型的古特有现象；而在蕨类植物区系中热带成分和华夏成分所占比重更大。

In comparison with the pure standards and the retention indices RI(subscript s reported in the literature, a total of 302 volatile compounds were identified in Changyu XO brandy, including 30 alcohols, 35 aldehydes and ketones, 20 carboxylic acids, 104 esters, 24 substituted benzenes and derivatives, 14 phenolic derivatives, 14 acetals, 16 furan derivatives, 22 terpenic and norisoprenoidic derivatives and 23 others.

实验先采用液－液萃取方法提取张裕XO级白兰地的挥发性成分，然后将酸性成分与碱性和中性成分分离，再采用柱色谱分离手段将其分离为若干个级分并浓缩，采用气相色谱-质谱、标准品比对、保留指数值比较等方法对分离得到的各级分中的成分进行了鉴定，在白兰地中共鉴定出302种挥发性成分，包括醇30种、醛酮类35种、酸类20种、酯类104种、苯同系物及其衍生物24种、酚类14种、缩醛14种、呋喃类16种、萜烯类22种和其他物质23种。

The neutral/basic fraction was furthermore separated into 4 fractions using silica gel normal phase chromatography, and each fraction was then concentrated and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In comparison with the pure standards and the retention indices reported in the literature, a total of 302 volatile compounds were identified in Changyu XO brandy, including 30 alcohols, 35 aldehydes and ketones, 20 carboxylic acids, 104 esters, 24 substituted benzenes and derivatives, 14 phenolic derivatives, 14 acetals, 16 furan derivatives, 22 terpenic and norisoprenoidic derivatives and 23 others.

实验先采用液-液萃取方法提取张裕XO级白兰地的挥发性成分，然后将酸性成分与碱性和中性成分分离，再采用柱色谱分离手段将其分离为若干个级分并浓缩，采用气相色谱-质谱、标准品比对、保留指数值比较等方法对分离得到的各级分中的成分进行了鉴定，在白兰地中共鉴定出302种挥发性成分，包括醇30种、醛酮类35种、酸类20种、酯类104种、苯同系物及其衍生物24种、酚类14种、缩醛14种、呋喃类16种、萜烯类22种和其他物质23种。

In this experiment, a new method was used to purify the toxin protein produced by Verticillium dahliae. The supernatant of fungus culture was frozen and dried with Lyophilizer first, and then dialysed by Dialysis Membranes (MWCO 1000) after dissolved in distilled water. This method can eliminate the salt and sucrose in culture medium and reserve the protein component almost completely. VD-toxin were analysed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel analysis. The results indicated that the protein components were very complex, and included glycoprotein within 35.8kDa-83.2kDa. Furthermore, treatments on glycoproteins with high temperature, conA and proteinase alleviated, not abolished, their activities.NO and H_2O_2 production were assayed in two cultivars of cotton cells which were treated with VD-toxin.

本实验首先确定了用冷冻浓缩后透析的方法初步提纯棉花黄萎病菌毒素，该方法能有效去除粗提毒素中的蔗糖和盐离子并能最大程度的保留黄萎病菌分泌的蛋白成分；对毒素蛋白成分鉴定结果表明蛋白条带多，每种蛋白的含量少，小分子量蛋白含量多，糖蛋白染色结果显示，毒素蛋白中分子量在35.8kDa-83.2kDa之间的蛋白大多数为糖蛋白，分子量小于35.8kDa的蛋白多为非糖蛋白；性质鉴定结果显示，毒素中有活性的蛋白成分具有部分可耐高温高压，且毒素蛋白中的蛋白成分和糖基成分都具有致萎活性。

As result, ten constituents have been detected in the blood after oral administration of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, Compound I exists originally in Radix Rehmanniae, in blood it also derived from Fructus Coris and Rhizoma Alismatis; compound II ,IV and V belong to Fructus Corni, and compound VI and X are from Cortex Moutans, compoundIII, VII ,VIII and IX are the metabolites of Paeonol contained in Cortex Moutan.

然后，通过对六味地黄丸、六味地黄丸缺味成药及单味药对照样品的血中行为进行比较，确定了血中移行成分的来源。在认定的10个血中移行成分中，化合物Ⅰ由熟地、山茱萸和泽泻三个生药共同产生，化合物Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ为山茱萸所含成分直接入血而形成，化合物Ⅵ、Ⅹ为牡丹皮所含成分直接入血而形成，化合物Ⅲ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ为牡丹皮入血成分丹皮酚的代谢产物。

The latedischarges decreased from 9.29 ± 0.97 to 6.71 ± 0.68 with the A-fiberconditioning stimulus increasing from 1 to 5 (n〓8, P〓0. 05).(7) The intervalbetween the conditioning stimulus and test stimulus (C-T interval) wasincreasing, the inhibition tended to plateau off. At shorter time intervalsthe inhibition became more effective. When C-T interval was limited in 50ms,the inhibitory effects was the strongest, here, the late discharges reducedfrom 12.57±1.21to 2.29±0.42 (n=11, P＜0. 01).(8) Behavior research showedthat the rat model of snake venom exhibited neuropathic pain with heathyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia, which corresponding to the acuteelectrophysiological findings.

此时轻刷WDR神经元的感受野不能引起其活动改变，但伤害性齿镊夹捏仍可引起WDR神经元放电增多；〓5〓晚成分放电的潜伏期缩短，即宁静期的时程变短，由给蛇毒前的118.83〓3.67ms降至50.72〓1.36ms〓n〓32，P〓0.01〓；〓6〓在正常动物，如果预先给予只激活A纤维的弱条件电刺激〓mA，100μs〓可抑制随后的伤害性检验刺激所诱发的WDR神经元的晚成分放电，当条件刺激个数从1增加至5时，每次伤害性检验刺激所诱发的晚成分放电数从9.29〓0.97个降至6.71〓0.68个〓n〓8，P〓0.05〓；〓7〓固定条件刺激数为1个，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔增大时，A纤维条件刺激对WDR神经元晚成分放电的抑制作用逐渐减弱，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔在50 ms以内时，抑制效应最为显著，此时，晚成分放电数由正常时的12.57〓1.21个降至2.29〓0.42个〓n〓11，P〓0.01〓；〓8〓与急性研究中的WDR神经元电活动的变化结果相匹配，利用蛇毒制备的大鼠模型在行为学上表现为热痛觉过敏、冷觉的痛性感觉异常及机械痛觉过敏等慢性痛症状。

At the same time, most WDR neurons failedto respond to the light brush applied to the receptive fields, but they couldbe intensively excited by the noxious pinch.(5) The latency of the latedischarges was shortened from 118.83 ± 3.67ms to 50.72 ± 1.36ms (n〓32, P〓0. 01).(6) Preceding graded number of A〓fiber conditioning inputs (〓mA, 100 μs) delayed the C-activity evoked by the following nociceptive teststimulus activating both A- and C-fiber applied to the sciatic nerve. The latedischarges decreased from 9.29 ± 0.97 to 6.71 ± 0.68 with the A-fiberconditioning stimulus increasing from 1 to 5 (n〓8, P〓0. 05).(7) The intervalbetween the conditioning stimulus and test stimulus (C-T interval) wasincreasing, the inhibition tended to plateau off. At shorter time intervalsthe inhibition became more effective. When C-T interval was limited in 50ms,the inhibitory effects was the strongest, here, the late discharges reducedfrom 12.57±1.21to 2.29±0.42 (n=11, P＜0. 01).(8) Behavior research showedthat the rat model of snake venom exhibited neuropathic pain with heathyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia, which corresponding to the acuteelectrophysiological findings.

此时轻刷WDR神经元的感受野不能引起其活动改变，但伤害性齿镊夹捏仍可引起WDR神经元放电增多；〓5〓晚成分放电的潜伏期缩短，即宁静期的时程变短，由给蛇毒前的118.83〓3.67ms降至50.72〓1.36ms〓n〓32，P〓0.01〓；〓6〓在正常动物，如果预先给予只激活A纤维的弱条件电刺激〓mA，100μs〓可抑制随后的伤害性检验刺激所诱发的WDR神经元的晚成分放电，当条件刺激个数从1增加至5时，每次伤害性检验刺激所诱发的晚成分放电数从9.29〓0.97个降至6.71〓0.68个〓n〓8，P〓0.05〓；〓7〓固定条件刺激数为1个，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔增大时，A纤维条件刺激对WDR神经元晚成分放电的抑制作用逐渐减弱，当条件刺激与检验刺激之间的间隔在50 ms以内时，抑制效应最为显著，此时，晚成分放电数由正常时的12.57〓1.21个降至2.29〓0.42个〓n〓11，P〓0.01〓；〓8〓与急性研究中的WDR神经元电活动的变化结果相匹配，利用蛇毒制备的大鼠模型在行为学上表现为热痛觉过敏、冷觉的痛性感觉异常及机械痛觉过敏等慢性痛症状。

Chrzanowski,G..(1977). Participant Observation. Contemp. Psychoanal., 13:351-354Cooper, P.C.(1999) Buddhist meditation and countertransference: a case study. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 59(1), 71-85

内观禅修者在实践内观的时候同样存在两个成分的存在，一个成分是在体验各种身心感觉的&参与&成分，另外一个成分是&观察&的成分。

Immediate constituent analysis: The analysis of a sentence in terms of its immediate constituents-word groups, which are in turn analyzed into the immediate constituents of their own, and the process goes on until the ultimate constituents are reached.

直接成分分析法：先把句子分析为直接成分-词组，再把这些直接成分依次切分，得到各自的直接成分，层层切分，直到最终成分为止。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。