戊酸

The results showed that pectinase activity can retained up to 95.2% when prepared with 4.0% sodium alginate, 0.20 % glutaric acid, 0.10 mol/L CaCl2, 0.50 mL pectinase. The recovery activity of the immobilized pectinase was more than 76% after repeated 10 times.

结果表明，以4.0%的海藻酸钠为载体、0.20%的戊二醛为交联剂、0.10mol/L的CaCl2为凝聚剂、用酶量为0.50mL时所得的固定化果胶酶活力保存率可达95.2%，回收使用10次以后，酶的活力回收率为76.1%。

(1)PAL is better entrapped by PAG with a T∶C ratio of 8∶30.(2)PAL immobilized by glutaric dialdehyde on Bio-Gel P-300 is better than by CDC.(3)The best one is the dehydration and redehydration method.(4)Immobilized and permeated PAL active yeast cells are resistant to trypsin digestion and retain its PAL activity.

(1)固定化酶活性采用T∶C比为8∶30明显高于8∶19；(2)以戊二醛将PAL固定于Bio-GelP300优于用DCD固定化的酶；(3)质脂体包被中以脱水再加水法对酶活性影响较少，脂类组成以磷脂酰胆碱：胆固醇：磷脂酰丝氨酸比值7∶2∶1最好；(4)固定化PAL活性酵母细胞能较好地抵抗人工肠液中胰蛋白酶的水解作用，亦能明显降低苯丙氨酸的浓度。

METHODS: The rats in the two groups were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 10 g/L urethane (1 g/kg) and the chest was opened to insert a tube into the ascending aorta for perfusion with 200 mL of the mixture containing glutaric dialdehyde and paraformaldehyde for fixation.

两组大鼠给予质量浓度为10 g/L的乌拉坦1 g/kg腹腔内注射，麻醉后开胸，升主动脉插管，戊二醛与多聚甲醛混合固定液200 mL灌流固定，取嗅球，振荡切片，锇酸后固定，平板包埋，光镜下选取嗅球各层，制备超薄切片，透射电镜下对比观察。

Both star copolymer precursors are hydrolyzed in the acidic conditions, then the corresponding recovered star copolymers of EO and glycidol with multi pending hydroxylmethyls are esterified with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide to produce the ATRP macroinitiators with multi pending bromoisobutyryl groups . Then the latters initiate the polymerization of styrene to form the corresponding amphiphilic three- and four-arm star PEO-g-PS.

在阴离子共聚EPEE单体和环氧乙烷单体的过程中，通过变换引发剂体系中的醇的结构(由原来的二元醇变成多元醇，如三羟甲基丙烷和季戊四醇)，合成了星形结构的共聚物，通过水解反应脱去保护基团后，再与2-溴异丁酰溴反应，得到链的侧端挂有很多2-溴异丁酸酯基的星形大分子引发剂，通过ATRP聚合机理引发苯乙烯聚合得到PEO为主链，PS为侧链的星形一接枝共聚物。

The results indicated that the total quantity of volatile components in grape wine after MLF had increased and there were evident difference in the contents and proportion of isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethyl hydracrylic acid, ethyl succinate, and acetic acid in the two kinds of grape wine treated or not treated by MLF.

结果表明，MLF葡萄酒较未经MLF的葡萄酒中挥发性成分的总量有所提高；异戊醇、2-羟基丙酸乙酯、琥珀酸乙酯和醋酸在两工艺的葡萄酒中的含量和比例存在明显差异；乳酸、乳酸乙酯和两种未能准确鉴定的物质只在MLF葡萄酒中作为主要成分被分离检测到。

The results indicated that the total quantity of volatile components in grape wine after MLF had increased and there were evident difference in the contents and proportion of isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethyl hydracrylic acid, ethyl succinate, and acetic acid in the two kinds of grape wine treated or not treated by MLF. Besides, lactic acid and ethyl lactate, which could not be accurately identified in grape wine not treated by MLF, could be easily separated and identified in grape wine treated by MLF like other main components.

结果表明，MLF葡萄酒较未经MLF的葡萄酒中挥发性成分的总量有所提高；异戊醇、2-羟基丙酸乙酯、琥珀酸乙酯和醋酸在两工艺的葡萄酒中的含量和比例存在明显差异；乳酸、乳酸乙酯和两种未能准确鉴定的物质只在MLF葡萄酒中作为主要成分被分离检测到。

The effects of catalyst synthesis and esterification reaction conditions on the yield of the isoamyl acetate were investigated.

将该催化剂用于醇酸反应制备乙酸异戊酯，考察了反应条件对酯化率的影响。

The etherification reaction of methanol and isoamylene was investigated in an internal recycle gradientless reaction with an ion exchange resin (NKC-9) as catalyst.

采用国产大孔磺酸树脂(NKC-9)，在无梯度反应器内对异戊烯与甲醇醚化反应进行了研究。

Several routes for synthesizing methyl isopropyl ketone were introduced, including the main methods based on isobutyl aldehyde-acetic acid, isobutyric acid -acetic acid, methyl ethyl ketone-formaldehyde and isoprene.

介绍了甲基异丙酮的多种合成路线，主要有异丁醛-乙酸法、异丁酸-乙酸法、甲基乙基酮-甲醛法和异戊二烯法。

The diastereo-selective lactones 57～58 was obtained by the polyfluoroalkyl -lactonization of S--2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid under the reaction conditions mentioned above.

以S--2-甲基-4-戊烯酸进行上述内酯化反应，可得到具有立体选择性的产物57a，57b，58a，58b。

The X-ray diffract was used to analyze the crystal structure of the composite. Results show that after the talc was treated with blend coupling agent, the crystal structure of talc changed, and effect Intercalation phenomenon.

通过X射线衍射分析可知，用混合偶联剂对滑石粉进行预处理后，滑石粉晶体结构发生改变，产生了插层现象，使PP／滑石粉复合材料为纳米复合材料。

An authentic Maui wedding might require the services of a 'kahu', which is a Hawaiian minister.

毛伊可能需要一个真实婚礼服务'kahu'，这是夏威夷部长。