感觉细胞

Generally, the figure of the one in the cave is smaller, the growing speed is very slow and the season growing is not obvious, mainly because of lack of food and the low temperature (around 15℃) in the karst cave water. In the numerable characters, the anal fin, scale of encircle tail and gill raker of the one in the cave are in the tendency of increasing so as to adapt to the narrow water passage in the karst cave, while the length of the cave Cyprinus carpio is lengthening comparing with the one on the surface.

结果表明：从总体看洞穴鲤鱼的体形比地表鲤鱼小，生长速度缓慢，季节生长不明显，主要影响因子是洞穴内食物贫乏和水温较低（15℃左右）；在可数性状中，洞穴鲤鱼的臀鳍条、围尾柄鳞和鳃耙有增多趋势，即增加了感觉细胞的附着基底；为适应洞穴水流域的狭窄通道，洞穴鲤鱼的体长相对地表鲤鱼而言有延长现象。

But the cochlear lesions could been occurred in hydropic ears because the ototoxic sensitivity was increased in both cochlear and vestibular sensory cells of hydropic ears which should be paid more attention to clinical application.

然而积水状态下耳蜗和前庭感觉细胞的耳毒敏感性均增加，临床应用时可能导致耳蜗损害，听阈升高，应引起注意。

Under light microscope, on H-E stain section, four types cells can be distinguish: cells with weak basophilic fibrillar elements; cells with acidophilic granular substance; cells with strong basophilic fibrillar elements and ciliated cells. In the basal lamina region under gland epithelium, there are a few connective tissue; Surface view of the hypobranchial gland could be see by scanning electron microscope, there are cilia and different kinds of secretions distributed. Ultrastructure of the hypobranchial gland could be understand by transmission electron microscope, supporting cells, sensory cells and seven types gland cell were observed to form the glandular epithelium; cells with much rough endoplasmic reticulum,smooth muscle fiber and nerve endings were found beneath glandular epithelium, among basal lamina region.

光镜下H-E染色切片中腺上皮区仅可以区分出四种类型的细胞：弱嗜碱性纤维样细胞、强嗜碱性纤维样细胞、嗜酸性颗粒分泌细胞和纤毛细胞等；腺上皮下的基底膜区有少量结缔组织存在；扫描电镜下可以观察到鳃下腺表面的纤毛及腺细胞的分泌物等情况；透射电镜下观察到腺上皮中有支持细胞、感觉细胞和7种类型的腺细胞；近基底膜区观察到富含粗面内质网的细胞；基底膜间为薄层疏松结缔组织，内含肌细胞及神经末梢等结构。

As a signalling factor at downstream of the Bmp4 pathway, the Smad4 gene may play an important role in the process of formation of the osseous otocyst and differentiation of sensory cells.

作为Bmp4 信号通路下游信号因子，它可能在骨性耳蜗的形成、内耳感觉细胞的分化成熟过程中起着重要的作用。

The present study is to culture otocyst cells in fetal, cochlear sensory epithelial cells of neonatal and mature respectively in vitro with refinement of culture media and techniques. Immunocytochemistry and Bromodeoxyuridine labeling are used to detect properties and mitotic status of cultured cells. With the observations about proliferation and differentiation in cultured cells, we want to find the origin of regenerative cells and to understand how these progenitors proliferate and differentiate.

本研究分别对胎鼠听囊、新生鼠听觉上皮和成年鼠听觉上皮用自然培养方法进行体外培养，并应用免疫细胞化学方法，对培养细胞进行染色标记和观察，系统了解哺乳动物听觉细胞发生、发育过程，以及这些细胞在体外的增殖和分化过程，旨在了解哺乳动物听觉细胞听觉上皮感觉细胞的来源，发现细胞生长的前体细胞。

It may be the response of special sense cells on the maxillary palp for proteins

由于至今人们尚未在昆虫的味觉感受器中发现对蛋白质具有专一响应的感觉细胞，因此这一发现对深入研究其中机理是很有意义的。

For the first time, the properties of electrophysiological responses of the maxillary palp of cockroach Periplenata Americana was studied with chemical stimulation. It was explored that a large amount of taste hairs densely compacted on the ventral side of the maxillary palp respond to stimulants with highly coherence as an organ.

我们第一次对美洲蜚蠊下颚须味觉毛的电生理响应特性进行了研究，发现下颚须上大量密集排列的同类感觉毛和感觉细胞高度协同作为一个整体起作用的现象。

The transmission is conducted in the form of action potentials along the axon of DRG neuron to the presynaptic membrane in spinal dorsal horn. Action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane and activates the voltage-dependent Ca〓 channel. The influx of Ca〓 then triggers the release of neurotransmitter.

外界感觉信息以动作电位的形式沿DRG细胞轴突由外周传向DRG细胞在脊髓背角的突触前膜，导致细胞膜去极化，引起电压依赖性〓通道的开放，〓内流介导突触前膜神经递质的释放，从而完成感觉信息由外周向脊髓的传递。

Results There was a similar distributive pattern of Neul, PPCA and β-gal in the inner ear. Neul intense staining was observed in the cochlear spiral ganglion cells, spiral limbus, spiral ligament, vestibular ganglion cells, cristae, maculae hair cells, and weak staining in inner hair cells, outer hair cells, supplying cells of the organ of Corti and stria vascularis. The intense staining of PPCA and β-gal were observed in the spiral ganglion and vestibular ganglion cells, and weak staining in the spiral limbus, spiral ligament, stria vascularis and organ of Corti. The inner ear exhibited no staining when Neul, PPCA and β-gal were deficient, respectively.

Neul最强的染色主要在螺旋神经节细胞、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘、前庭神经节细胞及壶腹嵴、球囊和椭园囊感觉毛细胞，较弱的染色分布于血管纹和Corti器内、外毛细胞及支持细胞；PPCA和β-gal在螺旋神经节和前庭神经节细胞有较强的染色，血管纹、螺旋韧带、螺旋缘和Corti器内、外毛细胞及支持细胞呈较弱的染色反应；各自酶缺乏时内耳免疫染色消失。

Skin very sensitive skin under the very rich variety of sensory nerve fibers and cells, can feel touch, pain and temperature sense.

皮肤很敏感，表皮下有非常丰富的神经纤维和各种各样的感觉细胞，能感受触觉、痛觉和温觉。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。