感染

Choose medicaments correctly, reasonable use medicaments, in order to make sure with medicine safety is mixed effective will be henceforth the main task that clinical medicine learns, for solution control hospital the clinical current situation that use drug reachs existence issue, promote the development of the reasonable job that use drug, raise a hospital reasonable the level that uses drug, the prescription of two place has outpatient service of author general hospital, be in hospital analytic research, summary goes out unreasonable a few big states that use drug, undertake classified at the same time. 1 clinical unreasonable with medical analysis each division all applies 1 abuse of 1 · or antibiotic of blind application antibiotic extensively, utilization rate amounts to 70% above, among them couplet is used rate be as high as 40%, appear even 2 couplet, triplex above, the commonnest abuse is infection of the upper respiratory tract, be admitted to hospital give 2~3 to plant antibiotic cure. 1 · of 1 · 1 without point to this kind to the cure that ask for uses drug unreasonable with medicine main show is in the person that the virus sex appeal such as hepatitis of sex of common cold, chicken pox, berpes zoster, virus is caught, in infection of not amalgamative bacterium, point to without what apply antibiotic ask for next using medicine. Incontrollable virus affects antibiotic, increase hepatic burden instead to patient of virus sex hepatitis.

梗概： 正确选择药物，并合理使用药物，以保证用药平安和有效是今后临床药学的重要任务，为了解把握医院临床用药目前状况及存在新问题，推动合理用药工作的发展，提高医院合理用药的水平，笔者将医院门诊、住院两处的处方进行分析探究，总结出不合理用药的几大状况，同时进行分类。1临床不合理用药的分析1·1滥用或盲目应用抗生素抗生素各科均广泛应用，使用率达70%以上，其中联用率高达40%，甚至出现二联、三联以上，最常见滥用为上呼吸道感染，入院给予2~3种抗生素治疗。1·1·1无指征的治疗用药这类不合理用药主要表现在普通感冒、水痘、带状疱疹、病毒性肝炎等病毒性感染者，在未合并细菌感染，无应用抗生素的指征下用药。

Methods The virus titer in culture fluid was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The HTNV-antigen in MsC was detected by indirected immunofluoresence assay and enzyme immunoassay.The shape and ultrastructure of infected MsC were observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscopy respectively.

采用免疫标记技术和电镜技术观察HTNV-A9株对人胚肾小球系膜细胞的感染情况和病毒唑、磷甲酸钠对病毒感染的抑制作用。

Results: In treatment group, the results showed that inquination rate of segmental bronchus was zero by cultured bacteria of excretion and examed their susceptibility to antibiotics.

经纤维支气管镜，清除支气管分泌物并向感染支气管肺段内注入有效抗生素，是治疗气管切开术后肺部感染的高效、经济、适用的方法。

Although receptive anal sex is estimated to produce the highest risk of infection, infection after a single insertive contact has also been described.

已有的结论以为肛交可发生更大的感染风险，单次插入接触后感染也已被描述。

HIV transmission correlates highly with HIV viral load of the infected partner, is most likely with receptive rather than insertive activities, and is 5-fold greater with receptive anal sex vs receptive vaginal sex.

HIV传播与HIV感染伴侣的病毒量高度相关，最有可能发生在性行为的接受方而不是插入方，在接受方感染几率中，肛交是阴交的5倍。

Transmission through Oral-Vaginal Contact 口腔－阴道接触 There is a theoretical risk of HIV transmission for the insertive partner because infected vaginal fluids and blood can get into the mouth.

对于插入方存在理论上的感染风险是因为阴道分泌物和血会进入口中而被感染。

In control group,patients received antibiotics intramuscularly or continuous intravenously from 3 days to 7 days after operation.

目前应用抗生素预防外科手术感染的疗效已得到肯定，但一旦应用不当，也可能给患者带来不良后果，如引起细菌或霉菌的二重感染等。

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the biological and clinical features of Chinese rhesus m onkey s after intravenous and intrarectal challenge with SIVmac239 in rhesus m onkey s of Chinese origin, and compare the differences between the routes of infection.

目的 研究猴免疫缺陷病毒SIVmac239毒株经静脉及直肠途径感染中国恒河猴后的生物学特性和症状表现，并比较由感染途径不同导致的差异，为该模型系统的应用提供依据。

Based on the findings in the comparative study of immune parameters between Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus, this thesis firstly carry on the researches of iNOS activity in shrimps, and find it a reliable parameter for indicating the disease resistance ability in shrimps. The results here could offer a sound scientific basis for the better understanding of the mechanism of shrimp disease resistance ability to WSSV infection, as well as the development of countermeasures for the disease control in shrimp culture industry.

本文在系统比较两种对虾感染WSSV病毒过程中抗病力指标变化的基础上，优选出与WSSV感染直接相关的抗病力指标，并首次对对虾的一氧化氮合成酶进行了系统的研究，所得到的结果为深入了解对虾对白班综合症病毒的抗病力机制，并建立和发展相应的病害防御措施提供了科学依据。

It can be concluded that WSSV infection can stimulate the iNOS synthesis in shrimps. However, the enzyme activity decreased sharply after the proliferation of virus. Therefore, iNOS can be considered as a valuable index for indicating the health status of Chinese shrimp F. chinensis and Kuruma prawn M. japonicus. In comparison with Chinese shrimp F. chinensis, the iNOS in the haemocytes of Kuruma prawn M.

我们通过NBT还原法和血细胞形态法在中国对虾和日本对虾血细胞中鉴定到了iNOS，并通过亚硝酸盐法和L-瓜氨酸法对比研究了感染WSSV后这两种对虾血细胞中iNOS的变化情况，结果显示：在WSSV感染初期，WSSV可以诱导中国对虾和日本对虾产生iNOS，且日本对虾比中国对虾的iNOS更容易被LPS所诱导。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。