感抗

In this study, the author used GISH technology to analyze the material that was resistant to take-all in test, and got three chromosome arm addition lines that carried the resistance genes derived from the amphiploid of Triticum-Haynaldia. The above arm addition lines and their resistant and sensitive parents were analyzed by RAPD method and two specific molecular markers that were tightly linked to resistant gene were obtained.

本研究先用基因组原位杂交对经鉴定抗全蚀病的材料进行分析，检测出三个抗性源于簇毛麦的端体异附加系材料，再利用RAPD方法，对这三个材料和抗感病亲本进行分析，得到了两个与全蚀病抗性基因紧密相关的特异性RAPD标记。

In this study the clubroot resistant CR DH line, susceptible inbred line 94SK of Chinese cabbage, the resistant and susceptible DNA bulks constructed from F2 individuals of CR DH line and 94SK were used to select the adaptive AFLP primer combination. AFLP analysis was performed with 256 Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ primer combinations.

为了筛选出大白菜适宜的AFLP引物组合，研究以抗根肿病大白菜双单倍体CR Shinki、感病自交系94SK及其后代F2构成的纯合抗病和纯合感病DNA混合池为材料，利用256对Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ引物组合进行了AFLP分析。

Reaction of 24 Einkorn accessions to mixed inoculum of powdery mildew and stripe rust,and two T.urartu accessions UR204,UR206 and a T.monococcum accession MO205 were used for reaction to a set of 15 differential Blumeria graminis tritici isolates and 21 differential Puccinia striiformis isolates,respectively.Among them,UR206 was resistant to all 15 isolates,UR204 was resistant to 14 isolates except E11,and MO205 showed different resistant types.The results indicated that most likely UR206 and UR204 carried new powdery mildew resistance genes that were different from 18 known Pm genes and MO205 carried new stripe rust gene that were different from 24 known Yr genes.

本研究对24份一粒小麦分别进行了白粉病和条锈病混合菌种苗期接种鉴定，进一步分别用一套白粉病菌菌株(15个)对2份乌拉尔图小麦和条锈病菌小种(21个)对1份栽培一粒小麦进行接种鉴定，其中乌拉尔图小麦UR206能抵抗所有供试白粉菌菌株，UR204除对白粉菌菌株E11感病外，对其余菌株表现抗性；栽培一粒小麦MO205对不同条锈菌小种表现出不同的抗性反应，研究表明乌拉尔图小麦UR206、UR204和栽培一粒小麦MO205分别含有与已知抗白粉病和抗条锈病基因不同的新基因。

Healthy spikes of high-resistant varieties had thicker cell wall and tissue of cortical sclerenchyma, more number of cortical sclerenchyma layers, more number of fibrovascular bundles, smaller area of green subcutaneous tissue in rachis, and theses differences, except number of fibrovascular bundles, enlarged over time. Considering inoculated spikes, cell wall and tissue layers of cortical sclerenchyma displayed different, and to how much extent the relationship between this difference and anti-extension ability of variety had not determined. 6. On the analysis of agronomical characters and molecular marking technology, more than 30 alien anti-Gibberella wheat materials and two mutants coming from this experiment were evaluated their hereditary multiplicity.

实验结果还证明，高抗品种和感病品种的穗轴组织结构确实存在一定差异，在健康穗中，主要表现在高抗品种的皮层厚壁细胞壁和皮层厚壁组织较厚，皮层厚壁细胞层数较多，维管束数目较多，穗轴表皮下绿色组织面积较小，抗、感品种间的差异达显著水平，随发育时间延长，高抗品种的皮层厚壁细胞壁厚度、厚壁组织厚度和厚壁细胞层数增加的幅度较大；在病穗中，主要表现在高抗品种的皮层厚壁组织细胞层数和厚壁细胞壁厚度增加的幅度较大。

Field experiments were conducted to examine integrated inhibition of allelopathic rice (Huakangcao 78), bensulfuron methyl application and water management on weeds in paddy field, with the purposes of attempting to reduce the dosage of herbicide applied in rice field and exploring new ways of weed management in rice production. The results showed that allelopathic rice could inhibit the germination and growth of barnyardgrass Echinochloa crusgalli L.

选用具有化感特性的水稻品系华抗草78和长江流域地区主栽的扬稻6号，通过田间试验研究水稻化感作用结合苄嘧磺隆使用及水层管理对水稻田杂草的抑制作用，旨在降低水稻田化学除草剂使用量，探索水稻生产中杂草治理的新途径。

The results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of RAR1, SGT1 both increased in powdery mildew resistance Haynaldia.villosa leaves when inoculated by powdery mildew Erysiphe graminis D.

对条锈菌诱导后的抗病材料92R137、感病材料扬麦5号进行半定量分析，结果表明在抗、感材料中RAR1基因都受诱导，均在24h时表达量达到最大，随后表达量下降。

Inoculating resistant and susceptible cultivars with Guignardia camelliae, the POD, PPO, CAT, PAL activities in the annual leaf cell increase rapidly. And the increment of POD, PPO, PAL activities in resistant cultivars were higher than susceptible cultivars.

自然和人工接种发病后，抗、感病品种体内保护酶(POD、PPO、CAT、PAL)的活性迅速提高，抗病品种增加幅度明显大于感病品种，但 CAT 酶活性变化无显著性差异。

Another line of four special coating equipment: all types of PA, PU waterproof paper velvet anti-flu flu candlelight wax coating, and another air breathable, coating weight of gold and silver, YPU, anti-UV, heat-resistant fire retardant, as well as the excellent Laguna plastic, DuPont Teflon, PVC and other calendered after the whole deal.

另有特种涂层设备线四条：各类PA，PU防绒防水纸感蜡感烛光涂层，另有透气透湿，克重涂金银，YPU，抗UV，防火阻燃耐热，以及优丽胶，杜邦特氟隆，PVC压延等后整处理。

The lesion reaction type was recorded as Tan when there is not extensive necrosis around uredia, or RB when there is extensive necrosis around uredia.

鉴定为中抗的品种一般发病晚于感病品种，抗病品种上孢子堆持续产孢的时间也比感病品种短。

Three wheat spindle streak mosaic viruses resistant cultivars ('Yining Xiaomai', 'Xu87-633', and 'Xifeng') and one susceptible cultivar ('Zhen9523') were used as parents of 3 crosses in this experiment. WSSMV resistance of the parents, F1, and F2 was evaluated under field condition.

选用3个抗梭条花叶病的小麦品种&仪宁小麦&、&徐87-633&和&西风&为抗病亲本、以感病品种&镇9523&为感病亲本配制了三个杂交组合，对四个亲本及其杂种后代（F1及F2代）单株的田间抗病鉴定表明，三个抗病亲本的抗性均由核基因控制，为显性遗传方式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。