悲剧的

Treating the humanism spirit as the thread, this paper concludes the intension and extension of the humanism spirit by comparing the soul of humanism spirit in the China and foreign countries, and then explains them from three parts: the true, the selflessness and the beauty. First, the content of writings expounds the essence of human nature, human rights and humanism that are the intensions of humanism spirit. Second, the purpose of writings reflects intensively the special and active method of constructing the author's morality by analyzing the connection of humanism and religion in thewritings of Bajin, and obvious religious sensibilities of Bajin. Third, from the viewpoint of artistic style, we can get the conclusion that the buskin style of Bajin's writings has close relations with humanism spirit by the method of inducing the buskin style of his writings.

全文以"人文精神"为根基和线索，首先通过梳理和比较中西人文精神传统及精髓，确定了巴金作品人文精神的内涵和外延，然后以此为统领，从真、善、美三个方面展开论述：从巴金作品的内容上看，它对人性、人权、人道作出的真理性阐释，恰恰就构成其"人文精神"的具体内涵；从创作意图看，通过分析巴金作品人文与宗教的相互关系及其流露的鲜明的宗教情感，从而突显出其特别的、积极的理想道德建构方式；最后从艺术风格看，通过归纳其作品的悲剧范式，亦得出了巴金的悲剧风格与人文精神旨向密切统一的关系。

He discoveredperson's innermost feelings are the opposition, the contradiction, theconflict, the ebullition, he saw has been in the modern society thehuman spirit tragedy - conflict desire and the fission personality -modern Faust's -like tragedy.

他发现人的内心是对立、矛盾、冲突、沸腾的，他看到了处于现代社会里的人类精神的悲剧—冲突的欲念和分裂的人格—现代浮士德式的悲剧。

The two protagonists of M. Butterfly have complex psychology. Song Liling is entangled in love and hatred and can\'t extricate herself. She becomes a tragical character in moral. Gallimard can\'t tolerate the conflict between illusion and reality and get suicide finally.

蝴蝶君》中的两位主角的心理是极为复杂矛盾的：宋丽玲在爱与恨的纠结之中不可自拔，走向道德意义上的悲剧；伽利玛无法接受幻想和现实的冲突，走向自杀的悲剧。

If the old tragedy was wrecked' aesthetic Socratism is to blame, and to the extent that the target of the innovators was the Dionysian principle of the older art we may call Socrates the god's chief opponent, the new Orpheus who, though destined to be torn to pieces by the maenads of Athenian judgment, succeeded in putting the overmastering god to flight.

既然一切旧悲剧都在这种新艺术上碰得粉碎，那末审美苏格拉底主义乃是一种毁灭性的原理；但是，既然这斗争的矛头指向旧悲剧中的醉境因素，那末我们就不妨把苏格拉底看作酒神的敌手。他是起来反抗酒神的新奥斐斯，虽则他命定要被雅典法庭的酒神侍女们撕死，但是他也不得不把这位强大的神灵赶走。

In his novel The Boder Town, Shen Congwen described all the plots to express his pity for the loss of the simple ancient customs and his ideal to rebuild the national qualities so as to form the whole symbol .

沈从文在《边城》中用整个情节的描述形成象征，以表达作者对古朴民风的失落的惋惜和重创民族性格的理想，构成了作品的整体象征；把边城如诗似画般的自然背景作为人物性格形成的象征性氛围，用翠翠父母的爱情悲剧和大老的死创造一种感伤的氛围，以此氛围象征作品感伤性的悲剧结局，形成了氛围象征；还运用了细节象征，让白塔、碾坊、翠翠的梦等细节也寓含了深刻的象征意蕴。

In point out their similarity, the thesis also differentiates and analyzes the specialty of Wang Guo-wei and Zhu Guang-qian"s theories of tragedy. The author argues that both Wang and Zhu"s theories, which based on communicating western and Chinese aesthetics, show the irreplaceable as well as complimentarily features. They enriched the modern Chinese literature and aesthetic leanings together, and provide us a profound enlighten to review and conclude the experiences of Chinese aesthetic modernity.

在指出王、朱悲剧理论所具的类同性的同时，本文同时辨析两者的差异性特点，认为两人在融合、沟通中西美学的基础上产生的悲剧理论既有不可取代的特色，又具有互补性，共同丰富了中国现代文艺美学理论，为我们反思和总结中国现代美学形成和发展中的所得和所失提供了有益的启示。

Therefore, this article main research mentality is, divides into the Shakespeare tragedy in multitudinous feminine image Mary with the Eve two kinds, demonstrated these two kind of females in male power society behavior and the unfortunate bitter experience, thoroughly analyzes them the reason which persecutes, thus discusses obtains, formulates in the male power society under feudal morals and standard, female no matter is wants to the male power society to meet as an equal, or obeys the morals under the shackles actually unfortunate to consider has violated this moral standard, similarly is all difficult to run away the destiny which is punished by the male power society, Thus manifests the male power consciousness to the feminine deterrent strength and the lethality.

笔者认为，只有通过对莎士比亚的4大悲剧作总结和归类，进而得出结论，才能够对莎士比亚的女性观作深入系统的解释，对女性的地位和生存状况加以进1步的阐述和研究。因此，本文的主要研究思路就是将莎士比亚悲剧中的众多女性形象分为圣母型和夏娃型两种，展示这两种女性在男权社会中的行为和不幸遭遇，深入分析她们受迫害的原因，从而探讨得出，在男权社会制定的封建道德和规范之下，女性不论是欲与男权社会分庭抗礼，还是顺从于这种规范之下却不幸被认为违背了这1道德规范的，都同样难逃被男权社会惩罚的命运，从而体现出男权意识对女性的威慑力和杀伤力。

There were also real herotic comedies and extolled comedies,the sad in the happy,and the happy in the sad,there was aesthetics style in the tragicomedies,it was a group of people with the aid of characters from the plays to give vent to their sad feelings,it was a art shape of dramatists who were at the bottom of the society at that time,those were the impacted sparks of the dassic.

从戏剧美学的角度观照，元杂剧三国戏中有典型的英雄悲剧，也有真正的英雄喜剧与歌颂喜剧，并且能悲中寓喜，喜中有悲，具有悲喜交集的美学风格，这是那个时代士人群体沉郁苦闷的人生悲剧借助历史人物的心理宣泄，是元剧家们在沉入社会下层的人生境遇中所吸取的民间三国故事中孕含的富有理想色彩的乐观主义精神的艺术投影，是经典文化与大众文化相碰撞的火花在元代文化土壤结出的艺术果实，这种美学风格大大扩展了元代三国戏的审美张力，也增加了其文化意蕴与审美价值。

The first part will discuss the simulative writing of vanguard novels, which is impacted by west culture. First, based on the overthrowing truth, disconstructing the chain of polts, the time and place of physics, clearing up the characteristics, disclosing the openness of text, we'll analyze their imitating the narrative model of postmodernism. After that, in terms of the cultural differences resulting from different social context, we'll analysis the limit of transplanting modern west tragic spirit.

论文上篇论述实验探索小说在西方文化冲击下的模拟写作，即：首先从实验探索小说颠覆真实性、解构情节链条及物理时空、消解人物性格特征、展示文本的开放性这几方面分析其对西方后现代叙事模式的模拟；然后通过中西方悲剧产生的不同社会文化背景所造成的文化特质的差异分析实验探索小说横移西方现代主义悲剧精神的局限。

Before further interpreting and justifying the substance of Shakespearean tragedies, I make a brief review of the major visions on death in Chinese and Western thoughts; the Freudian concepts of Eros and the death instinct are also induced in this chapter as a theoretical device to enter the discussion of the theme of death.Chapter Two attempts to solve the question ofIs it the denial of death or

论述了五部悲剧中种种情形复杂的&爱&是如何惊人地与潜伏在悲剧人物下意识中的&死亡本能&联系在一起的，有哈姆雷特因&俄狄浦斯情结&而对奥菲里亚所产生的扭曲却强烈的爱；有奥赛罗对德斯底蒙娜由爱而生痛惜、嫉妒而最终走向&执行正义&的爱；有李尔王对小女儿考地利亚超越父女之情的爱，有安东尼和克利欧佩特拉由性爱而转变、升华的精神之爱，有罗密欧与朱丽叶富有浪

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。