悲剧作家

The ancient kin-novels deeply influence the composition of modern novelists in many aspects: the kin identity of authors, genre selection, focusable object, narrative strategy, narrative structure, arrangement method, art spirit, tragedy spirit and so on. While modern kin-novels, on the basis of absorbing the tradition, develop the ancient kin-novels in the following aspects: enlarging the component of characters, continuity of character\'s fate, change of the end and the exploration of character\'s psychology and the variation of images and so on. The kin novels with familiar genre whether it is ancient or modern, will appear special stipulation that is resemble and matchable with kin-genre. This Paper mainly analyses it in three aspects of components of family characters, mode of kin-novel\'s declination and nation-home integrated net narration.

作为相同题材选择的家族小说，无论古代还是现代，都会出现与家族题材相匹配的某些共同点，本文主要从家族人物的构成模式、家族小说的衰亡模式、家国一体的网状叙事等三个方面对此展开分析研究；古代家族小说从题材选择、聚焦对象、叙事策略、叙事结构、绾结方式、艺术神韵、悲剧精神等多个方面对现代作家的创作造成深刻的影响：而现代家族小说在继承传统的同时，还从人物构成的渐趋丰满、人物命运在新的时代背景下的延续发展、小说结局的改变、人物心理探索的深刻和自觉、意象的变幻多姿等方面对古代家族小说进行了现代意义上的发展和演进。

Mathilde is one of the tragedy characters of the famous French writer Maupassant.

玛蒂尔德是法国作家莫泊桑塑造的众多悲剧人物中的一个被侮辱与被损害的形象。

Chapter 2 centres around the spiritual contents of her works. It penetrates through the skin to their core, that is, the tragic sense. Her works take the most ordinary people as characters. Unexpectable elements befall on these people, change their fate considerably. The helplessness of being fooled by destiny overshadows most of her works, leaving readers sign in vain. Then, her portrayal of characters bears a tinge of rootlessness, unsteadiness loneliness, filling the works with deep pensive mood. And finally, she exposes the ugliness of man from this covering of brilliance. Man dares not face his true being. What he shows and sees of himself tends to be his bright side. But his ugly side steels out, which gives himself a deadly blow.

第二章围绕作品的精神内蕴展开论述，侧重于由表及里的层层挖掘，悲剧意识构成王安忆作品精神内蕴的核心，其作品多写芸芸众生，在展现这些人的人生际遇时，难以预料的偶然因素总是改变着他们的命运，宿命感使作品笼罩在虚无的阴影之中，令人怅然；其次作家在写人物时，那种无根的漂泊感、孤独感，使作品有着深深的悲凉意蕴；再次就是对隐藏在绚烂表象之下的人的丑陋本质的发现，人总是无法面对自己真实的存在，看到的或表现出的总是冠冕堂皇的一面，但是那丑陋的一面总会在不经意中呈现出来，给人以毁灭的打击。

Taiwan's authoritarian system began to ease off, a stream of cultural upsurge came after the economical miracle in 1970s, artists, writers and directors expressed the emotion and thought which were oppressed before in their own way, and the identity recognition of as Chinaman was oppugned; then in Mainland, Mao's era of keeping quite out of fear ended, when people saw the outside world, found that they were so poor in substance and spirit, and lived in self-deceiving all the time before, they also were shocked and confused about the tragedy made by themselves when they calmed down.

台湾的威权体制开始松动，经过七十年代的经济奇迹之后，一股文化热潮到来了，艺术家、作家、导演都在以各自的方式来表达之前被压抑的情感与思想，对于中国的身份认同也开始被质疑；而在大陆，噤若寒蝉的毛时代结束了，当看到外部世界后，发觉自己不管是物质上还是精神上都如此匮乏，原来之前一直生活自我欺骗之中，冷静下来的人们也对自己酿造的悲剧既震惊有困惑。

The writer grasped veraciously the despondent and downfallen character of the figures in her novels. She portrayed an obsolete, closed and downfallen "memory" of the flaccid and common people in the times of transition with her unique realization of life. With a desolate and sharp angle of view of "appreciation of ugly", she wrote her works in a pose of anti-heroism and romanticism and took love affairs and marriage as cutting points reflecting a common, eternal and desolate tragic life under the desolate background elaborately built by her.

作家准确地把握了人物封闭于其中的那种生活的颓丧、没落的特征，以其独特的人生感悟，以反英雄主义和浪漫主义的创作姿态，以苍凉犀利的"审丑"视角，以男女婚恋关系为切入点，在精心营造的苍凉背景下，演绎了普通、软弱的凡人在时代转折之际古旧的、封闭的、没落的生活"记忆"，反映了普遍的、永恒的、苍凉的悲剧人生。

The famous English author Walpole said: this world is a comedy by understanding according to reason; it is a tragedy by understanding according to feelings.

英国著名作家沃尔波尔说："这个世界，凭理智来领会，是个喜剧；凭感情来领会，是个悲剧。"

Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, Jane Austen, the Brontes. I have a very romantic, tragic vision of these people scribbling away in some attic only to be really appreciated after their demises.

象查尔斯·狄更斯，威廉·萨克雷，简·奥斯丁，勃朗特姐妹等作家，他们生前在一些小阁楼里写着作品，死后才为人所知，我在他们身上看到了一种浪漫而又点悲剧的情节。

Author, a legendary hellraiser in Moscow in the 1990s, and now a respectable foreign correspondent.

不过，作为一名莫斯科90年代传奇的荒诞作家和一位在当前值得尊敬的驻外记者，本书作者正是这一悲剧爱情的结晶。

But the marriage did produce the author, a legendary hellraiser in Moscow in the 1990s, and now a respectable foreign correspondent.

不过，这一婚姻悲剧成就了作者，一名在莫斯科传奇的90年代的荒诞作家和一位在当前值得尊敬的的驻外国记者。

But the marriage did produce the author, a legendary hellraiser in Moscow in the 1990s, and now a respectable foreign correspondent.

不过，作为一名莫斯科90年代传奇的荒诞作家和一位在当前值得尊敬的驻外记者，本书作者正是这一悲剧爱情的结晶。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。