悬链线

The best uniform approximation algorithm to approach the catenary suspension and the CAD system using this algorithm to design the catenarian dome of hot blast stove are described in the paper.

介绍了采用最佳一致逼近法对悬链线进行逼近，以及运用此算法进行热风炉悬链线拱顶设计的CAD）系统。

Catenary algorithm is regarded as a theory which is much close to the truth in cableway design. But it's very inconvenient for the application of engineering because it belongs to surpass function, especially in the past when the computer is unpopular.

在架空索道的设计中，悬链线理论是人们公认的最接近真实情况的设计理论，但是由于悬链线函数属超越函数，计算上的困难使其在工程应用中极为不便，尤其在计算机不甚普及的过去。

Seeing that many researchers devoted themselves to the study of catenary method in recent years. Based on the standard curve of the catenary, the catenary algorithm of two-end-fixed cableway was studied in this paper, which established state coordinate equation and which used the numerical value method to analyze non-linear equations under the condition offeree equilibrium and condition of deformation compatibility.

为此，近年来不少学者致力于单跨架空索道悬链线理论的研究，本文在此基础上，从索道悬链线的标准线形出发，通过建立状态协调方程，来研究架空索道的悬链线精确算法，计算上采用满足力平衡和变形相容条件为基础的数值分析方法来求解非线性方程组。

Secondly,traditional calculation theory on configuration of main cable of cable suspension bridge was introduced such as parabola theory,segmental catenary curve method,segmental parabola method and segmental line method.At last,two calculation theories on the stability of bridge was put forth.

具体内容如下：(1)首先分析了影响自锚式悬索桥非线性的几种因素，然后介绍了悬索桥的传统线形计算理论——抛物线理论、悬索桥主缆线形计算的精确方法——分段悬链线方法以及分段抛物线法和分段直线法，最后介绍了桥梁稳定性计算的两种计算理论。

2In view of the shortcoming of current analytical calculation method in solving inclined hanger cable suspension bridge,improved segmental catenary curve was put forward and nonlinear formulation group to fix on configuration of main cable of inclined hanger cable suspension bridge was deducd.Further more,a more efficient and simple FEM calculation method was obtained through establishing parameter calculation model and dynamic forecast.

2针对现有的计算悬索桥成桥主缆线形的解析计算方法在计算斜吊杆悬索桥方面存在的缺陷，提出了改进的分段悬链线计算方法，并导出了确定斜吊杆悬索桥主缆成桥线形的非线性方程组；然后针对原有的非线性有限元法计算复杂、计算效率低下的问题，采用基于ANSYS的APDL语言通过建立参数化的计算模型，并利用动态预测的方法总结出了一种效率高、操作简单的有限元计算方法。

With long time study of many researchers, now three algebra function methods are formed which are parabola algorithm , suspension cable algorithm and perturbational algorithm.

经不少学者、专家的不断研究，迄今巳形成3种代数函数法：抛物线、悬索曲线、摄动法未取代悬链线作近似计算。

According to theory analysis and example computation, the following conclusions are obtained.1. During the analysis on the cable shape in the suspension bridge"s completion state, the pre-displacement of saddle and the case that the cable and stiff girder commonly bear the second-stage dead load should be considered.2. When supposing the construction ideal initial state in the first time, if the initial state model is established according the cable"s span central sag in the bridge"s completion state, and the reasonable correction formulation is created in the iteration process, the result can converges fast.3. The cable shape in the bridge"s completion state is not parabolic, nor catenary. It is between parabola and catenary. Actually it is funicular polygon closer to the catenary.

通过理论分析和实例的计算表明：1在悬索桥主缆成桥线形分析过程中，须考虑主塔鞍座的偏位以及二期恒载由主缆和加劲梁共同承担的实际情况；2在第一次假设施工理想初态时，以成桥状态已知的主缆跨中垂度建立施工理想初态模型，同时在迭代计算的过程中，建立合理的修正公式，才能使收敛的速度快：3在成桥状态时主缆的线形既不是抛物线，也不是悬链线，而是介于抛物线与悬链线之间，更接近于悬链线的索多边形。

Based on the parabola and catenary theories, calculation formulas on the cable length are summarized, and the precision is discussed.

以抛物线和悬链线理论为基础，总结推导了悬索索长的实用计算公式，对各公式的计算精度进行了分析。

The deformation compatible equation based on the catenary cable element is derived in chapter 2, and corresponding program is made to solve the accurate distribution of the prestress for cable dome. During the solving, two-nodes bar elements and catenary elements are adopted for the struts and cables of structure respectively. As the cable dome is a kinematically indeterminate system, its solving process is also derived in detail and the equations, which are based on large distortion, are adopted to solve the problem.

第二章推导了基于悬链线解析解的索单元变形协调方程式，并编制了相应计算程序对索穹顶结构精确的预应力分布进行求解，结构分析时压杆采用两节点直线杆单元，索采用悬链线索单元；考虑到索穹顶结构属于动不定结构体系，文中还对动不定体系的求解过程进行了详细的推导，同时采用建立在大变形基础上的变形协调方程来求解结构体系的有限机构位移。

In consideration of the effect of the moment on the axial rigidity of the reinforced beam,the theory and practice of main cable s configuration calculation of self-anchored suspension bridge were systemically introduced with the method of segmental catenaries.

基于分段悬链线法，介绍自锚式悬索桥主缆线形计算原理和步骤，考虑弯矩对加劲梁轴向刚度的影响，在迭代计算过程中，提出采用非线性规划方法，并与传统的影响矩阵法进行对比，计算结果表明，两者结果吻合，从而使借助大型通用优化软件对自锚式悬索桥主缆线形进行精确求解成为可能

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。