患...病

The descriptive correlation research design was conducted from Mar. 2004 to Feb. 2005. Patients who had their first CABG surgery were selected by purposive sampling from the cardiovascular ward at a medical center in Taichung. Baseline data were measured by symptom distress scale, self-efficacy in physical function scale and physical function scale, collected one day before operation, ten days after operation, one month and three months after operation, 60 subjects were enrolled in the study.

本研究采描述性相关性之研究设计，从93年3月至94年2月，共计12个月，以立意选样的方式，於台中市某医学中心之心脏外科病房选取初次接受冠状动脉绕道术之病患，以病患基本属性量表、身体症状困扰量表、身体功能状态量表与身体功能之自我效能量表分别於术前1日、术后十日内、术后1个月及术后3个月收集资料，符合收案条件者共计95人，最后完成资料收集者有65人。

On the day of admission, all enrolled patients underwent initial blood tests, including platelet count.

在病患住院的当天，所有的病患都必须接受包含血小板在内的血液初步检查。

Prior to this new protocol, 911 callers would describe the patient as "breathing," which would delay the initiation of CPR."Agonal breathing, which is common among patients in early arrest, is often mistaken for a conscious state," Dr. Idris pointed out.

Idris医师表示，新计画执行之前，拨打911的目击者会形容病患是正在呼吸的，这可能会延迟开始CPR的时间；临终前呼吸，在心跳停止的早期是很常见的，这经常被误认为病患是仍有意识的。

Ahamed Idris, MD, professor at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas, told Medscape that the new training protocol directs dispatchers to ask if the patient is awake and conscious and if the patient is moving. The dispatcher then asks if the patient is breathing normally."Because agonal breathing often sounds like gasping or snoring, the dispatcher is then instructed to ask the 911 caller to tell the dispatcher when the next breath occurs. If there are 10 or more seconds between breaths, the dispatcher tells the caller to begin CPR," he said.

德州达拉斯德州大学南西分校医学中心Ahamed Idris医师向Medscape表示，新的训练流程将导引急救人员询问清醒的、以及仍有动作的病患；如果病患可以正常呼吸，急救人员接著询问各个问题；因为临终前呼吸通常听起来像喘气或是打呼，急救人员接著被教导要求拨打911的目击者通知急救人员，当下一次呼吸发生时，如果呼吸之间间隔10秒以上，急救人员告诉目击者开始CPR。

Cases presenting as peritoneal carcinomatosis with unknown origin are always a challenge for the physicians to select the most appropriate method to make the diagnosis. In this particular case, the pathological report obtained directly from the incarcerated tumor implant showed the tumor to have arisen most probably from the stomach.

临床上偶而会遇到病患就医即呈现广泛性腹腔内癌性转移的情形，因原始肿瘤的症状不明显，临床上会有诊断及治疗方面的困扰，原始肿瘤未明的广泛性腹腔内癌性转移案例中，虽以胃癌及大肠癌的案例最多，但胰脏癌及妇科方面的案例亦不少，为了诊断及组织切片的取得常需要一些侵袭性的检查如胃镜或大肠镜等，增加病患的痛苦。

They used hot pack and cold pack for thermal stimulation, however, their temperatures were changed with time and not easy control.

实验共收集了29位自愿受试者，为行政院卫生署苗栗医院复健科之病患，将病患随机分为两组：实验组13位及对照组16位。

Giovanni Petrin arrived in Taiwan 52 years ago, as a Roman Catholic missionary, and has been serving the people here ever since. A medical professional, in the beginning Petrin worked in the surgery of Luodong's St. Mary's Hospital for 12 years, but later he had moved to Yilan's Dongshan County Wanshan Sanitarium, where he bravely cared for tuberculosis patients. Over the years, as tuberculosis in Taiwan began to die out, the home shifted its focus, and Petrin took on impoverished and sick seniors.

柏德琳来到台湾五十二年，身为天主教灵医会修士，他默默为台湾这块土地奉献，拥有医护背景的他，开始是在罗东圣母医院的开刀房服务，十二年后转到宜兰冬山乡的疗养院，以照顾肺结核病患为主，一直到台湾肺结核病患逐渐减少，疗养院转型，柏德琳开始照顾收容贫病老人。

"Long-term skin cancer and actinic keratoses surveillance continue to be important,and repeated resurfacing procedures or courses of topical agents,such as fluorouracil or imiquimod, may be necessary," the researchers write."A largerstudy comparing trichloroacetic acid resurfacing for actinic keratoses reductionand nonmelanoma skin cancer prophylaxis would help validate the superiority ofthis resurfacing technique over the carbon dioxide laser andassess its cost-effectiveness compared with photodynamic therapyor imiquimod treatment." They cite improved patient compliance in the trichloroacetic-acid group, ease of performance in the outpatient setting, andsubjective measures of better tolerance as reasons this procedure is an attractive alternative to repeated courses with topicalagents or laser resurfacing.

研究者指出，长期皮肤癌和光化性角化病之监测仍是重要的，反覆的皮肤重建整形步骤、或外用制剂如fluorouracil 或 imiquimod的反覆疗程也可能是必须的；一个比较三氯醋酸皮肤重建整形以减少光化性角化病和预防非黑色素皮肤癌的大型研究，将可有助於确定其优於二氧化碳雷射的优势，以及评估其和光动力治疗或 imiquimod治疗之花费效益比比较；他们举例说，三氯醋酸组病患之遵医嘱性增加、门诊病患也容易进行、个案之测量耐受度比较佳，这些都是重复疗程时比外用药剂或雷射更有吸引力的理由。

It is targeted at general and colorectal surgeons, urologists, gynecologists and gastroenterologists who treat incontinent patients, and also gives general practitioners and geriatric physicians an overview of the diagnostic methods and treatment options that can be offered to incontinent patients.

它被在一般和结肠直肠的外科医生，泌尿科医生，治疗无节制的病患的妇科学家和胃肠病学家瞄准，以及给全科医生和老年医学的内科医生可以被提供无节制的病患的诊断方法和

Results: Restaging showed 14 cases with stage ⅢA disease, 11 with stage ⅢC, 1 with stage IVA and 3 with stage IVB. The overall 5-year survival for all patients was 48.3%, and for stage Ⅲ patients was 52%. There were four patients with stage IV disease, three of them died during the follow-up. In addition, the overall 5- year survival rate was statistically higher in grade 1 and 2 than in grade 3 in superficial myometrial invasion and in the radiation group.

结果：重新病理分期后有14名患者为第ⅢA 期、11名患者为第ⅣC期、1 名为第ⅣA期、 3名为第ⅣB期，全部病患五年整体的存活率为48.3%；第三期病患的五年存活率为52%；而4名第四期的患者有3名死亡；五年存活率在细胞分化度佳、浅肌层侵犯、辅助放疗等情形下有显著差异；高龄病息亦可见低的五年存活率，但未达显著差异。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。