患...病

The WHO neurosis screening schedule is the best in both sensitivity and specificity of validity, but its practice is time-consuming and laborious, which limits its application. SCL-90 and CMI are imperfect in sensitivity of validity, and they cannot screen out the mental disorder in more than a half of the subjects. In a group test, they can hardly serve as a screening tool. UPI can screen out most of the mental disorder, and its sensitivity of validity reaches 83.1%. Additionally, the UPI questionnaire contains fake-test items, which could retest those who were missed due to untruly or not conscientiously answer the questionnaires. An acceptable way to obtain a true screening test is to give the individuals a propaganda of mental health and explain the questionnaires for 30 minutes before the test, which helps the examinee to understand the procedure and accept the questionnaires, so that the results of the test could be more reliable. In conclusion, UPI is a valuable screening tool to be recommended.

WHO神经症筛选表的灵敏度特异度都是最好的，但其操作费时费力，故适用性受限；以SCL-90和CMI二者的灵敏度很不理想，约一半以上的患者被筛漏，难以用团体测验方式作为筛选工具；UPI的灵敏度达83.1%，绝大多数病患可被发现，量表有测伪项目，可将不真实、不认真填写而遗漏的病患进行重测补救，且测前有30min时间进行心理卫生宣传和介绍防治人员服务内容、联系方法，使存在问题的人主动应询，从而可避免遗漏，是值得推荐的筛选工具。

Beginning in 1996, these UK researchers, working with colleagues in Papua, New Guinea and Perth, Australia, increased surveillance for kuru with an expanded field team, and found 11 cases over a period ending in June 2004. All of the patients were born before the cessation of "mortuary feasting," with the youngest one born in 1959. They all lived in the South Fore area, and the researchers obtained detailed histories, including their exposure to mortuary feasts, as well as neurological and genetic data.

从1996年开始，这些英国研究者和巴不亚新几内亚以及澳洲珀斯的同僚一起合作，以田野调查团队方式进行对kuru的监控，至2004年6月为止发现了11例；这些病患都是在「太平间盛宴」终止之前出生，最年轻的一位病患出生於1959年，他们都住在南Fore地区，而且研究者对他们参加太平间盛宴的历史和神经学以及基因等相关数据均充分掌握。

Hochman, MD, from the New York University School of Medicine in New York City, and colleagues for the Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock Investigators."Although survival in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute MI has been shown to be significantly higher at 1 year in those receiving early revascularization vs initial medical stabilization, data demonstrating long-term survival are lacking."

Hochman 医师和其同僚进行「阻塞之冠状动脉应否紧急执行血管再形成术以免发生心因性休克」研究，他指出，心因性休克依旧是急性心肌梗塞住院病患的主要致死原因，虽然心因性休克并发急性心肌梗塞之病患接受血管再形成术之一年存活率高於其他使用药物者，但是缺乏长期存活率之数据。

None of the other potential prognostic factors evaluated (including patient age, gender, tumor grade, tumor location, subtotal resection, presence or absence of cranial nerve palsies, total dose, 3D conformal radiotherapy, duration of symptoms, or radiological response) were associated with patient overall survival in multivariate analysis.

以多变数分析评估其他一些可能的预后因子（包括病患年龄、性别、肿瘤的分化程度、肿瘤位置、是否接受手术切除、有无脑神经麻痹、放射治疗总剂量、三度空间顺形放射治疗、症状的持续时间、或影像学上肿瘤是否变大）均不影响病患存活率。

Patients with higher satisfaction of "administration support and results" often tend to consider revisits.

二对「行政支援与结果」满意度较高的病患，病患本人较会考虑再次就医，再次就医意愿高。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of patient revisits, hospital admission, and operations among patients discharged from the ED in order to reduce the risks both patients and physicians might face.

本研究的目的在於分析病患返诊、住院并进一步接受手术的原因，藉以增进急诊的医疗品质及降低病患安全的风险。

The association rules of the traditional data mining technique are used to mining higher appearance frequency and support for itemsets. If the association rules are applied to mining the outbreak symptom of excrescent disease, the support of partly outbreak symptom not high will be ridded during the mining process. The reason is that the number of excrescent disease patients is less than the number of ordinary patients. In addition, the outbreak symptom of excrescent disease may have the successively order of time happened, for example, symptom B will just take place sometime of interval later after symptom A. The data mining techniques that generally direct against the higher appearance frequency itemsets and only consider the single dimensional sequential pattern cannot totally search the pattern of outbreak symptom of excrescent disease, and cannot also provide related reference information to prescribe medicine for nursing staff at that time.

由於传统资料探勘技术中之关联规则是用来针对资料集合中出现频率较高亦是支持度高之项目集合进行探勘，若是应用於异常疾病发病徵状样式之探勘，由於异常疾病病患人数不及於普通疾病病患人数之缘故，因而造成部份发病徵状之支持度不高，将会在探勘过程中被去除，另外这类异常疾病之发病徵状可能会有先后发生时间之顺序，例如症状A发生后间隔一段时间后才会发生症状B，所以一般针对高频项目集合且只考虑到单一顺序维度之资料探勘技术，并无法完全找寻出这类异常疾病发病徵状之样式，也就无法在第一时间内提供医护人员对症下药之相关参考资讯。

The group found that women without insurance were 24% less likely to receive a lymph node assessment than those with private insurance. Women who lived in areas with low levels of education were 13% less likely to have the procedure than those in areas reporting high levels of education. And black patients were 10% less likely to have the procedure than white patients.

该团队发现，相较於有保险的妇女，没有保险的妇女接受淋巴结评估的比例下降了24%；相较於居住在较高教育程度区域的妇女，住在低教育程度区域的妇女接受淋巴结评估的比例下降了13%，而相较於白人病患，黑人病患接受这项评估的比例则是低了10%。

The group found that women without insurance were 24% less likely to receive a lymph node assessment than those with private insurance. Women who lived in areas with low levels of education were 13% less likely to have the procedure than those in areas reporting high levels of education. And black patients were 10% less likely to have the procedure than white patients.

该团队发现，相较于有保险的妇女，没有保险的妇女接受淋巴结评估的比例下降了24%；相较于居住在较高教育程度区域的妇女，住在低教育程度区域的妇女接受淋巴结评估的比例下降了13%，而相较于白人病患，黑人病患接受这项评估的比例则是低了10%。

Chapter II of this thesis introduces the development of informed consent rule, starting with changes of medicine ethics thoughts from doctor egoism to respect of patients' self-decision right.

本文於第二章即先就「告知后同意法则」之发展历程加以介绍，首先介绍医学伦理思维之演变，由医师本位演进至尊重「病患自我决定权」病患自我决定权之崭新医学伦理思维。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。