患...

The other technique was so called "Constraint Induced Movement Technique" to apply a shoe lift or wedge under the stronger limb, providing a compelled shift of the body weight onto the paretic limb to increased ability of weight bearing. This technique helps patients achieving symmetry of stance and weight bearing and overcoming the learned disuse mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 5° lateral wedge on non-paretic limb improving symmetry of stance and weight bearing for stroke patients.

另外有一种技巧和方法为强迫诱发运动，在健侧使用鞋垫，强迫病患把身体的重心移到患侧去，藉此增加患侧脚承载的能力，研究有使用加高型或外侧楔型的鞋垫，目的都是要使中风的病患能有较对称的站姿及两脚有较对称的重量承载比例，如此一来可以强迫患侧使用更多，进而克服学习废用机制，上述研究多为急性期病患的探讨且多是观察当下的影响及效果，因此我们想利用外侧楔型鞋垫的帮助，藉由在健侧脚较长时间的穿著，看看对於慢性中风病患的站姿控制所造成的影响。

Result:Among total of 80 cases with non-visualized kidney in IVP,renal parenchyma of 37 cases were non-visualized under ~(99m)Tc-DTPA renography,GFR was 0 ml/min,32 cases carried out nephrectomy;Renal parenchyma of the rest 43 cases were visualized under ~(99m)Tc-DTPA renography,GFR were(20.03±9.64) ml/L,among them 9 cases were carried out nephrectomy, 34 cases received kidney-sparing operation;The 34 cases(divided into 4 groups according to range of GFR) recheck ~(99m)Tc-DTPA renography 2 months later after the operation,Preoperative GFR within(1～10) ml/min,GFR were(4.25±2.99) ml/min,postoperative GFR were(4.00±2.94) ml/min,t=0.522,P＞0.05,indicated no significant change of GFR after the operation; Preoperative GFR within(11～20) ml/min、(21～30) ml/min、(31～40) ml/min groups, preoperative GFR were(15.38±2.63) ml/min、(24.83±2.92) ml/min、(34.25±2.75) ml/min, postoperative GFR were(17.77±3.79) ml/min、(29.42±3.90) ml/min、(40.25±3.50) ml/min respectively,paired t-test,P＜0.05,indicated that 2 months\' postoperative GFR increased significantly,the function of kidneys recovered in some degree.

结果：在80例IVP不显影患肾中，37例患肾在~(99m)Tc-DTPAI肾动态显像上肾实质不显影，GFR为0 ml/min，其中32例行患肾切除；43例患肾在~(99m)Tc-DTPA肾动态显像上肾实质显影，GFR为(20.03±9.64)ml/L，其中9例行患肾切除，34例行保留肾手术；34例保留患肾手术者(根据术前GFR在不同值范围分为4组)在术后2个月返院复查~(9m)Tc-DTPA肾动态显像，GFR值在(1～10)ml/min组(5例)，术前GFR为(4.25±2.99)ml/min，术后2月GFR为(4.00±2.94)ml/min，t=0.522，P＞0.05，表明术后GFR无明显变化；术前GFR在(11～20)ml/min(13例)、(21～30)ml/min(12例)、(31～40)ml/min组(4例)，术前GFR分别为(15.38±2.63)ml/min、(24.83±2.92)ml/min、(34.25±2.75)ml/min，术后2月复查GFR分别为(17.77±3.79)ml/min、(29.42±3.90)ml/min、(40.25±3.50)ml/min，经配对t检验，P＜0.05，有统计学意义，术后2月GFR较术前增高，肾功能有不同程度的恢复。

The long-term serious, cautious, and meticulous pursuit of perfection, are used to conceal themselves in the public mind before, not easily express their emotions, there is only self-repressed anger or resentment,"smashed the teeth, which goes to his throat," and even more susceptible to Gastric cancer; 20-year-old up and down the young people are suffering from brain tumor and lymphoma, most of these patients within the child, obedient, lonely, or stubborn, bad contacts; where the more distant with others easy to stir up trouble, or people is easier than ordinary people suffering from stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, rectal cancer, colon cancer, lymphatic cancer and other digestive and lymphatic system cancers; those melancholy, feelings of students are not exposed to risk of cancer compared with 15 times higher than the cheerful personality.

长期认真、拘谨、一丝不苟、追求完美，习惯于在大众面前掩饰自已内心，不轻易表达自己情感，有愤怒或不满只会自我压抑、"打掉了牙齿往自己肚里咽"者，更容易患胃癌；20岁上下的青少年容易患脑瘤与淋巴癌，这类患孩大多内向、听话、孤独、或固执，不好交往；凡与他人较疏远或易惹是生非的人，比普通人更容易患胃癌、胰腺癌、直肠癌、结肠癌、淋巴腺癌等消化系统和淋巴系统癌症；那些性格忧郁、感情不外露的学生患癌的危险性比性格开朗的高出15倍。

Herein we try to look into the definition and causes of thirstiness, as well as its impacts on dialysis patients, by means of reviewing the literature.

因此，本文藉由文献查证，讨透析病患口渴的定义、原因、对病患的影响、评估、床处置及护，期望在护实务上能帮助护人员在照顾此病患时，能拟定有效的护措施，提供病患个别性的护照顾，改善病患口渴的问题，以促进病患的身心舒适。

Eligible candidates were men older than 65 years who had been diagnosed with PD and had at least 2 of the following features: rigidity, resting tremor, and bradykinesia. Subjects with renal, hepatic, cardiac, or thyroid dysfunction or those with known causes of osteoporosis such as primary hyperparathyroidism or renal osteodystrophy were excluded from the study.

收纳标准包括65岁以上男性，被诊断罹患PD且至少包括下列表徵两项以上，分别是肢体僵硬、静止时手抖与运动迟缓；那些罹患肾脏、肝脏、心脏或是甲状腺功能异常的病患，或是罹患已知可能造成骨质疏松症的疾病，包括原发性副甲状腺功能亢进或是肾脏骨质异常的病患都被排除在试验之外。

The non-LAA group consisted of 395 patients with cardioembolism, 224 with small vessel disease stroke, 89 patients with other determined etiology, and 94 patients with cryptogenic stroke.

整体而言，247位LAA组病患，以及802位病患被归类为非LAA组；非LAA组包括395位心因性栓塞病患、224位小血管疾病中风病患、89位其他已确认病因病患、以及94位原因不明中风。

Of the patients tested using CDC technology, 17 (3.8%) had a panel reactive antibody higher than 10% and 8 patients (1.83%) had a PRA higher than 25% for class I antibodies. Class I sensitized patients, defined as patients with a PRA higher than 10%, had significantly lower survival rates than class I nonsensitized patients ( P =.0035). Class I nonsensitized patients had survival rates of 79.4% at 1 year posttransplant, 63.2% at 3 years, and 45.4% at 5 years. Sensitized patients had 1, 3, and 5 year survival rates of 64.7%, 28.8%, and 9.6%, respectively.

使用CDC检测的病患之中，有17位(3.8%)群体反应抗体第一类抗体高於10%、有8位(1.83%) PRA超过25%，第一类抗体敏感病患定义为PRA高於10%者，相较於第一类抗体不敏感病患、存活率显著降低(P =。0035)；第一类抗体不敏感病患移植后一年之存活率为79.4%、3年存活率为63.2%、5年存活率为45.4%；第一类抗体敏感病患移植后一年、3年、5年之存活率分别为64.7%、28.8%、9.6%。

Of 299 patients in this retrospective study, most had mild stenosis and no need for surgery.Dr. Oldenburg told Medscape that the study also included patients who were not good operative candidates."I think that patients with mild stenosis who are poor operative candidates is a good option. Unfortunately, the chances of LESI being beneficial for patients with severe stenosis are far less."

在这项收纳299位病患的回溯性研究中，大部分病患其狭窄度为轻微的，且不需要接受手术；Oldenburg医师向Medscape表示，该试验也收纳非手术适当人选的病患，使用LESI治疗非手术适当人选的轻度狭窄病患是一项好的选择，不幸的，LESI对严重狭窄病患的好处就没有那么明显。

Of 299 patients in this retrospective study, most had mild stenosis and no need for surgery.Dr. Oldenburg told Medscape that the study also included patients who were not good operative candidates."I think that patients with mild stenosis who are poor operative candidates is a good option. Unfortunately, the chances of LESI being beneficial for patients with severe stenosis are far less."

在这项收纳299位病患的回溯性研究中，大部分病患其狭窄度为轻微的，且不需要接受手术；Oldenburg医师向Medscape表示，该试验也收纳非手术适当人选的病患，使用LESI治疗非手术适当人选的轻度狭窄病患是一项好的选择，不幸的，LESI对严重狭窄病患的好处就没有那麼明显。

A historical cohort of 53 patients who had undergone lung transplantation at the hospital between March 2004 and September 2005 served as a control group. The 2 groups were similar, although obstructive lung disease occurred in more patients in the control group and there were more patients with elevated CVP in the guideline-treated group. Both variables would be expected to favor the control group, Dr. Pilcher said.

Pilcher医师的团队前瞻性地针对56位于2005年10月至2007年1月之间接受移植的病患进行研究，并找了53位于2004年3月与2005年9月之间于同样医院接受肺脏移植病患作为控制组，这两组病患是相似的，虽然控制组病患发生阻塞性肺部疾病的机率较高，且接受指引治疗的病患CVP升高的人较多；Pilcher医师表示，这两个变项被预期偏好控制组。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。