总需求

Since 1973, the CPIM program has educated more than 90,000 manufacturing professionals on essential terminology, concepts, and strategies related to demand management, procurement and supplier planning, material requirements planning, capacity requirements planning, sales and operations planning, master scheduling, performance measurements, supplier relationships, quality control, and continuous improvement.

CPIM 在1973年始由 APICS 颁发，为评估个人在不断进化的生产和库存管理领域的知识提供全球统一的基础和标准。CPIM 知识广泛应用于供应链任务中，为企业在今天的全球竞争环境中降低成本，提高客户忠诚度提供动力。CPIM 传授的概念、策略和技巧与生产的需求管理，采购与供应计划，物料要求计划，产能要求计划，销售与作业计划，总排期时间表，绩效衡量，供应商关系，质量控制，持续改良等方面密切相关。

Strive hard to reach the sale index and profit indexBut, it is a fatal lacuna for all outlets in controlling inventory level and placing orders that only historical sale and stock figure are provided without the ability to forecast the customers'needs on the basis of historical sale and stock figure by scientific method, and without cost analysis and ability to order on the basis of minimal total cost.

但是"只有历史销售数据和库存数据，缺少对当前库存的成本分析，缺少凭借历史数据预测未来需求和在库存总成本最小化的前提下进行科学订货的能力"是所(来源：Afd9dBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)有大卖场在控制库存和合理订货时的最大缺陷。

This paper considers simultaneous or Pareto optimization between the scheduling cost of all the jobs and the degree of this disruption.

为了保证先来顾客的需求和工件本身错位量的要求，着重研究这种使先来顾客的总目标函数值与工件错位量之间达到平衡的问题，即重新排序问题的Pareto最优解问题。

In the coal-fired power segment, Asia will outspend the rest of the continents combined, and China will spend more on pumps for coal-fired power plant applications than all of Europe and Africa combined

中国将会在燃煤电力厂领域投入更多的资金用于泵的需求，这些投入将远远超出欧洲和非洲大陆投入的总合。

A recovery system of manufacturing/remanufacturing for multiple products was investigated. Backlogging was granted with dynamic demands and returned rates. An optimal model was established by minimum total costs in a finite planning horizon, which was resolved by the Pontryagin's maximum principle.

针对多产品的生产／再生产混合系统的逆向物流库存控制问题，在假定允许缺货、需求和回收均为动态的情况下，建立有限时间域内总成本最小的优化模型。

One side needs the service. Because of the demand, the other side would like to offer the service certainly.

一方需要服务，因为有需求，总有另一方必然愿意提供服务。

The first money used in America was furnished chiefly by Great Britain and Spain, but the limited amount, scarcity and need of it, tempted the colony of Massachusetts to create a small mint in this country, which they did in 1652, where they struck some siver pieces which are known as Oak or Pine Tree money, and are quite rare, being the first coins of American origin.

在美国使用的首例货币主要是由大不列颠和西班牙供应的，但是，货币总数量的限制，不足和对货币的需求，引起了Massachusetts的殖民地在1652年建立了一个小的铸币厂，人们铸造了一些银片，也就是人们所知道的，非常罕见的橡树或者松树货币，这个就是我们所说的American origin。

Yuan the following ordinary commodity housing the total supply of 54.3 percent, but below 6,000 yuan per square meter of housing demand accounts for about 60% compared to the total, there is a certain gap.

六〇〇 〇元以下普通商品住房供应占百分之54.3 ，但低于六○○○元每平方米住房的需求约占60 ％相比，总有一定的差距。

In the light that the existing trading cost leads to a total average cost U curve, the increasing demand results in a decline of sunk cost, the thesis identifies the subadditivity, works out the property of"limited competition", defines the meaning of"limited competition"and the economic characteristics of co-existing of private product and public product, monopoly and competition.

论文从交易成本存在导致基础设施产业的平均总成本呈U型曲线、市场需求增加导致沉淀成本减少的角度，论证了基础设施产业成本劣加性的淡化，建立了"有限竞争"的产业属性，界定了基础设施产业"有限竞争"的涵义及私人产品与公共产品并存、垄断与竞争并存的经济特征。

And the systole that consumes the market, direct report gave these overseas markets to process made import demand total amount to China reduce.

而消费市场的收缩，则直接反映出了这些海外市场对中国加工制造的进口需求总金额的降低。

I urge any American living outside the country to get an early start checking his/her registration and receiving an absentee ballot, because it can take a while.

我奉劝身在国外的所有美国人早点着手核对登记表，并接收缺席选举人票，因为这得花点时间。

He is too young to join the army.

他太年轻了，还不能参军。