总设计

Finally, the grafting polymerization of textile materials initiated by microwave low temperature plasma was conducted. Knitted cotton fabric was grafted by AMPS first, then knitted cotton and terylene/cotton fabrics were grafted with AMPS/NIPA dualistic monomers respectively. By means of grafting polymerization, the P dualisticintelligent hydrogel was added to textile.The influences of the factors on add-on, such as treatment time and power of plasma, concentrations of crosslinking agent and total monomers, proportion of AMPS, polymerizing temperature and time etc, was studied fully. The optimal conditions of grafting polymerization initiated by microwave low temperature plasma were determined by orthogonal design, variance analysis and mathematical statistics method so as to analyze the main influencing factors. Then swelling/deswelling kinetics, temperature-sensitivity and pH-sensitivity of grafted textile were studied. The performance indexes of hydrostatic pressure, moisture permeability and bursting strength of the knitted cotton and terylene/cotton fabrics before and after grafting were compared and evaluated synthetically.

此后用微波低温等离子体引发纺织材料的接枝聚合反应，分别研究了棉针织物接枝AMPS和棉、涤棉混纺针织物接枝AMPS/NIPA二元单体，使智能凝胶以接枝的方式添加到纺织材料上；详细探讨了微波低温等离子体处理功率和时间、总单体浓度、AMPS单体浓度、交联剂浓度及聚合反应温度和时间等因素对增重率的影响，通过正交设计、方差分析及数理统计对各影响因子进行分析，确定了微波低温等离子体引发接枝聚合的最佳工艺条件；对接枝纺织材料的失水-吸水动力学、温度敏感性、pH敏感性等进行了研究；对接枝前后棉、涤棉混纺针织物的静水压、透湿性和顶破强力等服用性能指标进行了对比和综合评价。

The method is based on real time reverse-transcription-PCR amplification of mRNA to detect viable Listeria monocytogenes by specific hlyA gene. This method can overcome the false-positive caused by amplification of nonviable Listeria monocytogenes in the detection process.

为克服传统PCR检测的假阳性问题，有效的检测单增李斯特活菌，本研究提取单增李斯特菌的总RNA并进行反转录，以单增李斯特菌的必要毒力基因hlyA为靶基因，设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针进行实时PCR检测，研究了检测的特异性和灵敏度，考查了对人工污染牛乳进行检测的应用性。

The transmission and superposition of the error among the loops are analyzed according to the orders from the inner loop to the outer loop at the point of view of the physics kinematics.

通过这种对误差的定量分析，可以直观的观察各类误差在总误差中所占的比重，为有针对性的设计系统提供了重要的理论依据。

The overall cost of the optimal structures is minimized and the resulting designs are compared.

最优化结构的总费用最小和最终的设计结果作比较得出。

Lumped parameter models have also been developed, such as was done by Shankar and Paulin,but these tend to be machine-specific.

集总参数模型也得到发展，如由Shankar和波林设计的，但这些往往是特定的机器。

A pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed according to the conserved region of MC1R gene of gallus, coturnix japonica, anser caerulescens, and pavo cristatus.

本研究根据鸡、鹌鹑、雪雁、孔雀等MC1R基因同源序列的保守区设计1对引物，以半番鸭、北京鸭总DNA 为模板，PCR扩增，克隆测序。

The maximum designed speed is more than 50 km/hr, the total work capacity of the cylinder exceeds 50 ml, empty tub quality not exceeding 400kg (the empty tub quality of regular pedicab and special car with a driver's cab is free from this limitation) two-wheeled and three-wheeled motor cars.

最大设计车速超过50km／h；发动机气缸总工作容积超过50ml、空车质量不超过400kg（带驾驶室的正三轮车及特种车的空车质量不受此限）的两轮和三轮机动车。

We have several self-designed phosphoric acid production lines with a total annual output of 110, 000MT at present.

我们有一些自行设计的磷酸生产线，总年产量为110 ，目前000MT 。

In traditional 2D design process, designer converts his ideas to 2D drawing then forming assembly drawing and parts drawing. The designer's thought works between 3D ideas and lines of plane projection.

在传统的二维设计过程中，设计者首先将其构思转化成平面图，形成总装配图和各个零件图，设计者的思维一直在三维构思和平面投影的线条之间进行转换。

In order to clone the VIP gene in the gastrointestinal tract from beijing duck, one pair of specific primers to VIP gene was designed and synthesized according to the chick sequence (X80906). Encoding VIP cDNA fragments were amplified by RT-PCR from the total RNA in the Proventriculus, the Duodenum and the Jejunum of Beijing duck. Their PCR products were ligated into pGEM-T easy vector, which was transformed into E. coil JM109. Positive bacteria clones were screened and identified by PCR method and digested with the double restriction enzyme EcoRⅠ. The sequence of VIP gene fragment was also determined and analyzed.

为从北京鸭胃肠道中扩增血管活性肠肽基因，根据鸡VIP基因（GenBank登录号X80906），设计了一对简并引物，从北京鸭腺胃、十二指肠和空肠提取总RNA，通过反转录－聚合酶链反应扩增，将从腺胃、十二指肠和空肠中扩增出的产物克隆到pGEM-Teasy载体上，导入大肠杆菌JM109，阳性克隆经双酶切鉴定后测序，将测序结果与鸡和鹅（GenBank登录号为DQ023161）的VIP基因进行同源性比较。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。