性选择的

The average interspecific divergence was 3.860%, and special sites were found in each chicken breed which was the bases to identifying chicken breeds. The DNA taxonomy of Bar1 used NJ was consistent with morphological taxonomy among the six indigenous chicken breeds. However, the analysis of Bar2 sequences of COⅠindicated that they were lower polymorphism and no special site in most chicken breeds which was not benefit to identify chicken breeds. The DNA taxonomy of Bar2 used NJ was not consistent with morphological taxonomy among the six indigenous chicken breeds.

本研究选择的2段序列中，以Bar1序列648bp（712位点到1359位点）多态性最高，突变位点最多，为24个，品种间平均多态性为3.860%，6个鸡种在此序列中有各自不同的特异位点，NJ聚类分析6个品种基本被聚为不同的类别，与形态学分类基本一致，该COⅠ基因的Bar1序列用于这些品种鉴定是可行的；而Bar2序列进行序列多态性分析，由于其多态性低，大多品种没有其特异位点，NJ聚类分析6个品种基本被聚为不同的类别，与形态学分类基本一致，不利于品种鉴定。

We briefly reviewed the mating system of insects with emphasizing a historical research on the sexual selection conducted by Bateman.

简要回顾昆虫交配系统的研究历史，并简述 Bateman的性选择原理，讨论雌雄昆虫在交配过程中的角色和性选择压力的相对关系。

The theory of linguisticadaptation points out that using language must be the continuous making of linguisticchoices, and at the same time the language has variability, negotiability and adaptability.

语言顺应理论在综观论的指导下研究语言运用，提出语言运用的过程就是语言选择的过程，在选择过程中语言具有变异性、协商性、顺应性。

This paper introduces the game theory and sets up, based on it, the choice model for the public transportation priority by identifying the function of the payoff and the muster of attendee and stratagem. In addition, it analyses the existence of NASH equilibrium, and puts forward the arithmetic of Iterated Elimination of Strictly Dominated Strategies in the general condition, the Integrated Strategies in the special condition and the flow chart of the model. At last, it verifies the feasibility of the model with the given example.

本文采用了博弈论的理论，通过对公交优先系统中参与者集合N、战略集合S和收益函数u的确定，建立了一种基于博弈论的公交优先技术方案选择博弈模型来量化方案选择问题；在此基础上分析了NASH均衡的存在性，并且给出了一般情况下的重复剔除劣战略和特殊情况下的混合策略两种模型求解方法以及公交优先技术方案选择博弈模型的流程图；最后通过算例分析，验证了博弈模型应用于公交优先技术方案选择的可行性。

Therelationship of the amount of catalyst and the ee% of product was seen to be negative nonlin-ear. Catalyst 3 was used in the enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydesand gave good results. The configuration of products was determined by the configuration ofthe catalysts' chiral carbon linked with hydroxy group. Using β- amino alcohols bearing only one chiral center as catalysts for the enantiose-lective addition were studied. D-N, N-dialkyl-2-amino butanol gave poor catalytic effect be-cause of their structure. The configuration of the product is the same as the catalyst. Anotherkind of β- amino alcohols - phenylglycine derivatives and valine derivatives have chiralcenter on the carbon linked with amino group. Catalyzed by-phenylglycine derivatives 6,7, 9, 10, the reactions gave satisfied results. The optical yields exceeded 80%.

在探讨了含有两个手性中心的β-氨基醇之后，选择了只有一个手性中心的β-氨基醇，一是手性中心为连羟基的手性碳原子：D-N，N-二烷基-2-氨基丁醇；二是手性中心为连氨基的手性碳原子：D-苯基甘氨酸衍生物和L-缬氨酸衍生物。D-2-氨基丁醇的催化效果不太好，这与其结构的空间位阻较小有关系，反应产物与连羟基手性碳构型一致；由苯基甘氨酸和缬氨酸出发合成五种β-氨基醇6-10，研究了不同ee％的-6作用下的二乙基锌-苯甲醛加成反应，发现该催化剂具有不对称放大效应；-7，9，lO的催化效果也比较令人满意，光学产率80％以上，所得产物构型与催化剂构型一致。

In chapter Ⅰ, a historial review of structure control is given; In chapter Ⅱ, A discussion of the controllability and observablity of flexible structures is given, Two kinds of controllability and observablity index are defined, and applied to actuator allocation; chapter Ⅲ considers the reduction of high order flexible structure mode; the content of chapter Ⅳ is about the basic problem of distributed parameter control system design. It is proved that a stable controllor in mode space may be unstable in real use in distributed paramater systems, also, by closed loop mode concept, a pole assignment method of flexible structure controllor design is given; chapter Ⅴ is about the low-authority controllor design, it is pointed out by use of high order eigenvalue/eigenvector perturbation, a better controllor can be designed; chapter Ⅳ considers flexible structure reduced order control; chapter Ⅶ disscusses the basic problem of flexible structure computer control, analyses discreate controllablity and observablity and its computing, the sample period and coefficient wordlength; chapter Ⅷ is on the problem of low flexibility compensation; chapter Ⅸ is a design example.

在第一章简要回顾了挠性结构控制的历史，并且指出控制中的一些问题；第二章讨论了挠性结构的能控性与能观性，定义了两类能控性程度和能观性程度指标，还将能控性程度概念应用于执行器位置的确定；第三章论述了高阶模型的降价问题，比较了适于挠性结构模型降阶的方法，指出其适用范围；第四章内容是分布参数系统设计的基本问题，首先证明在模态空间中设计的稳定的控制器在实际分布系统上可能是不稳定的，进而根据闭环模态的概念，获得挠性结构控制器设计的极点配置方法；第五章的内容是关于低权控制器的设计问题，指出利用特征值高价摄动和特征向量的摄动，可以设计出更加完善的低权控制器；第六章讨论挠性结构降阶控制问题；第七章讨论挠性结构计算机控制的基本问题，分析了时间离散化模型的能控性和能观性及其计算问题，讨论了采样周期选择和系数字长问题；第八章讨论低挠性结构的补偿问题；第九章的设计例子用来说明第二章和第四章的结果。

The use of Frozen Gender Selected Embryos The gender selected embryos means that the embryos are sexed following collection from the donor cow and only the females are implanted.

冷冻性的使用选择了胚胎性选择了胚胎胚胎被性别来自捐赠人母牛的下列收集的方法，而且只有女性被深植。

Was used as the recurrent parent and 7 varieties of diverse origins (6 are indica lines) were used as donors to obtain BC2F2 bulks by crossing and continued backcrossing. Initial screening for CT under the low temperature of the field conditions resulted in 177 CT BC2F2 introgression lines.

结果表明，虽然供体亲本均为苗期耐冷性弱的品种，但在全部回交后代中均出现耐冷性的超亲分离，表明这些供体亲本均携带对耐冷性有利的&隐蔽基因&，但组合间的耐冷性选择效率存在较大差异。

The utility function of the integrated model was divided into two stages, choice set and alternative choice. The specification of factor structure was used to capture the individual heterogeneity and marketing positioning of the alternatives in the second stage, and the effects of new modes on choice behavior and market structure were studied by hypothesizing coefficients' specifications in the joint estimation process.

整合性模式的效用函数区分为选择集合及方案选择两阶段，而於方案选择效用函数中以因素结构的指定方式，考量个体偏好的异质性与方案的市场定位，并藉由联合估计过程中的系数假设，分析新运具对於旅运选择行为及市场结构的影响。

The Principal componants analysis shows that the main gene of the red crane to habitat selection is the food, veil water and vegetation, for the white crane, food and veil are the main gene, for the white nape crane, the main gene are food ,water and vegetation, for white head crane are veil water and vegetation, however, food, veil and vegetation are the main gene for the common cranes habitat selection.

对五种鹤的主成分分析表明丹顶鹤对生境选择的主因子为食物因子、隐蔽因子、水因子和植被因子；白鹤对生境选择的主因子为食物因子和隐蔽因子；白枕鹤对生境选择的主因子为食物因子、水因子和植被因子；白头鹤对生境选择的主因子为隐蔽因子、水因子和植被因子；灰鹤对生境选择的主因子为取食适宜性因子、隐蔽因子和植被因子。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。