性质的

Based on twenty yearss research, Chen Lin developed the holistic processing hypothesis of Gestalt psychology into topology property perception theory, and thought of the human perception as a processing from holistic property to local property of perceptual object. From the viewpoint of Chen, a primitive and general function of the visual system is the perception of topological properties, and perceptual organization should be understood in the perspective of transformation and perception of invariance over transformation in the topological approach.

基于二十余年的研究积累，陈霖的拓扑性质知觉理论从格式塔心理学的整体加工思想出发，试图结合拓扑学的相关研究，对人类的知觉加工给出一个"大范围到局部"的说明，认为视觉系统的基本单元和一般功能是拓扑性质的知觉，知觉组织应当从变换和变换中的不变性知觉的角度进行理解。

In chapter 1, an up to now synthetically evaluation is given on the research ways and conclusions about jet in cross-flow. Considering the shortage of previous research ways and techniques (the instantaneous flow field and vortices field can not be properly get), in addition to the deficiency of corresponding conclusion (mainly concentrate on the analysis of time-average but little on structures of flow and action of vortex), the research way and content is draft out in this part. Though PIV, the time-average, instantaneous flow field and vortices field can be get, that will unveil the coherent vortex and its course of generation, development and evolvement, with the assistance of K-ε model and Hybrid Finite Analytic Method , which will proof-test the experiment result and bring some complementary, more profound research about the 3-D characters can be done. Using some fundamental topological theory and principle on flow analysis, with anglicizing of vortex structure, a reasonable description is the topological characteristic of near field in JICF given.

首先在第一章中对横流中湍射流的以往研究方法和研究成果给予了综合的评述，针对横流中湍射流旋涡结构以往研究中研究方法的局限性（不能很好得到流动的瞬态流场及涡量场）和相应研究成果中存在的不足（大都集中在时均特性的分析，对流动的内部结构和旋涡的运动阐述很少），明确了本文的研究方法和研究内容：通过PIV流动测量显示技术得到流动的时均及瞬态流场、涡量场，来揭示横流中湍射流的时均、瞬态流场、涡量分布特性，和各种具有拟序结构性质的复杂涡系的产生、发展及演化过程；结合湍流k-ε双方程模型及相应的HFAM计算方法，对于实验进行相互验证和补充，从而更为充分地研究各种旋涡的三维特性；利用拓扑分析的一些基本原理及相关规则，依据对各种旋涡结构的分析，做出对射流近区流场拓扑性质的合理描述。

The classification of land registration system is the registration of deed and registration of title, which includes the Torrens system.

土地登记制度最通常的分类就是权利登记制和契约登记制，法律上讲，两者最基本的区别就是"契约登记制关注法律事实的登记，而权利登记制关注事实的法律后果的登记"；土地登记并非一个单纯的私法或公法行为，而是具有双重性质的，即土地登记兼具私法行为与公法行为的双重性质；土地登记制度不仅有平等主体的私权关系，而且有纵向的行政关系，其中贯穿着个人目标与国家目标的双重价值；土地登记的效力包括：决定权利变动、权利正确性推定、善意保护、监督管理和警示效力；一个完整统一的土地登记制度是富有效益的，包括个人效益、公共管理效益、社会效益和经济效益。

To these general characteristics we may add by way of corrective that while the Bible is accepted much latitude is allowed as to the nature and extent of its inspiration; that the Eucharistic teaching of the Prayer Book is subject to various and opposed interpretations; that Apostolic succession is claimed by many to be beneficial, but not essential, to the nature of the Church; that the Apostles' Creed is the only one to which assent can be required from the laity, and that Articles of Religion are held to be binding only on the licensed and beneficed clergy.

这些一般特徵，我们可以补充的方式纠正说，虽然圣经是接受得多纬度是允许令的性质和程度，其灵感；表示，圣体圣事的教学中的祈祷书是受到种种反对的诠释；宗徒继承据称，被许多人是有好处的，但不是必需的，以性质的教会；使徒们的信条是唯一一名，其中核可，可以要求从俗人，而且文章的宗教都是以具有约束力只领有牌照和beneficed神职人员。

The results indicate that the different thermal expansions and elastoplastic properties and distributed randomness of various mineral particles composed of oil shale will lead to the nonuniformity of thermal field , deformation field and stress field in heating process , which makes the particles of oil shale deform incompatibly : and the release of product pyrolysis results in irreversible damages of oil shale material and structure . These are the main reasons for the thermal fracture of oil shale .

研究结果表明：组成油页岩各种矿物颗粒热膨胀和弹塑性性质的不同及其分布的随机性，导致油页岩加热过程中温度场，变形场和应力场的非均匀性，使得油页岩颗粒间变形不协调和油页岩热解产物释放引起油页岩材料与结构性能发生不可逆的劣化损伤，这是油页岩发生热破裂的主要原因；热传导方式加热油页岩，温度的传递比较缓慢，加热井和生产井的间距不宜过大，对油页岩储层性质存在差异时，注热井应选择较高热导率的区段；油页岩的层理对油页岩地下原位开发形成渗透带至关重要，油页岩达到热解温度会产生附加的膨胀力，首先在层理处开裂，应充分利用油页岩层理赋存条件改造其渗透性。

The results indicate that the different thermal expansions and elastoplastic properties and distributed randomness of various mineral particles composed of oil shale will lead to the nonuniformity of thermal field, deformation field and stress field in heating process, which makes the particles of oil shale deform incompatibly: and the release of product pyrolysis results in irreversible damages of oil shale material and structure. These are the main reasons for the thermal fracture of oil shale. When oil shale is heated through thermal conduction, temperature transfers slowly, so the spacing between heating well and production well should not be kept too long. When difference exists in oil shale reservoir's properties, heating well should be chosen in the high conductivity region. Oil shale's stratification is vital for developing permeation zone in in-situ retorting. Oil shale will generate additional expansion force as it reaches its pyrolysis temperature, and stratification will be cracked first, so the oil shale stratification should be utilized to enhance its permeability.

研究结果表明：组成油页岩各种矿物颗粒热膨胀和弹塑性性质的不同及其分布的随机性，导致油页岩加热过程中温度场、变形场和应力场的非均匀性，使得油页岩颗粒间变形不协调和油页岩热解产物释放引起油页岩材料与结构性能发生不可逆的劣化损伤，这是油页岩发生热破裂的主要原因；热传导方式加热油页岩，温度的传递比较缓慢，加热井和生产井的间距不宜过大，对油页岩储层性质存在差异时，注热井应选择较高热导率的区段；油页岩的层理对油页岩地下原位开发形成渗透带至关重要，油页岩达到热解温度会产生附加的膨胀力，首先在层理处开裂，应充分利用油页岩层理赋存条件改造其渗透性。

The decisive influencing factor of viscosity in carboxyl-methylation was cross-linking reaction. Carboxyl-methylation was the main influencing factor of solubility and swelling capacity in modification of high content amylose starch. The structure and gelatinization property of different amylose content were analyzed with an Olympus Vanox BHS-2 multi-function optic microscope, and the results were as follows. The structure of ordinary cornstarch was different from the high amylose; gelatinization temperature and pH value of starch were affected deeply by amylose content, but had little difference between the gelatinization of high content amylose starch contained 50% and 70% amylose; pH value had much more effect than temperature on the gelatinization of high content amylose cross-linked starch. Monochloroacetic acid consumption, alcohol concentration and pH value influenced the starch carboxyl-methylation. When alcohol concentration was 60%, pH value 10, monochloroacetic acid/starch mass ratio 55%, the carboxyl-methylation of high amylose cross-linked cornstarch had the best result. With the In-Vitro digestibility model and biodegradation experiment, the digestibility and biodegradability of high amylose cornstarch and its modified starch were detected.

采用Brabande粘度测定仪和Olympus Vanox BHS-2型多功能光学显微镜等分析手段对链淀粉含量50％和70％的高链玉米淀粉及其交联和交联羧甲基化淀粉的结构和性质进行了表征和分析，结果表明，普通玉米淀粉结构与含链淀粉50％和70％高链玉米淀粉结构不同；高链淀粉比普通淀粉难糊化，高链改性淀粉糊化受pH值影响较大，受温度影响较小；淀粉的冻融稳定性、透光率、溶解度、膨胀度和粘度受链淀粉的含量和改性的影响，但是，链淀粉含量超过50％时，则链淀粉含量对淀粉的膨胀度和溶解度影响不大；改性淀粉性质的影响因素中，影响粘度主要因素是交联反应，影响透明度、溶解度和膨胀度主要因素是羧甲基化改性；一氯乙酸用量、反应时乙醇浓度及碱性条件都会影响高链淀粉及其交联淀粉的羧甲基化改性效果，制备羧甲基化改性淀粉的最佳工艺是在pH值为10的60％的乙醇浓度介质中按一氯乙酸/淀粉质量比为55％进行取代反应。

"Against all liabilities, claims, demands, proceedings, costs or expenses of whatsoeer nature which may be made or brought against or incurred by the lessor by reason of any loss, injury, death or damage caused or chaimed to be caused to any person or of any loss of or damage to property occasioned by or arising or claimed to be occasioned or to arise directly or indirectly out of the manufacture, deliery, presence, possession, proision, operation, use, instalment, remoal, transportation, replacement or repair of the goods and whether arising or claimed to arise out of defects in the goods or by reason of the goods infringing or being claimed to infringe any patent, copyright, confidential information of other intellectual property rights."

&对出租人可能提出的或出租人可能招致的，由于以下原因的所有责任、索赔、要求、诉讼、费用或任何性质的开支，其原因或者是直接或间接因货物的制造、送交、存在、占有、供应、操作、使用、安装、移动、运输、替换或修理，不论是否由于或据称由于货物有缺陷，而对任何人造成或据称造成的任何损失、伤害、死亡或损害，或对财产造成或引起或据称造成或引起的任何灭失或损害，或者是因货物侵犯或据称侵犯任何专利、版权、机密情报或其他智力产权&。这里保证补偿的是&……一切责任、索赔、要求、诉讼、费用或任何性质的开支&，其原因有两种情况，一是租赁货物对人或财产造成损害，二是租赁货物侵犯智力产权。关于第一种情况，合同不厌其烦地列举&直接或间接因货物的制造、送交、存在、占有、供应、操作、使用、安装、移动、运输、替换或修理，不论是否由于或据称由于货物有缺陷……&。这段话中多次提到&造成&、&引起&，但都要加上&或据称&，成为&造成或据称造成&、&引起或据称引起&。

German philosophers after Neo- Kantian defined human from society and history, but they dissevered the relationship between human and nature.

新康德主义以来的德国现代西方哲学倒是从社会历史的角度来定义人的性质，但是由于他们把人的存在与自然存在机械地割裂开来，历史本身成了不可把握的意义存在，对在其中生存的人的性质的规定也就走上了相对主义的道路。

In this paper, based on the tight-binding Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and by using a nonadiabatic molecular dynamic method, we investigated some unclear problems of polymers in details, such as polaron dynamic properties in different systems, the inelastic scattering processes of oppositely charged polarons driven by an external electric field,and the influence of electron-electron interactions on the dynamics of a charge polaron in conjugated polymers.

本论文基于一维紧束缚的Su-Schrieffer-Heeger模型，采用非绝热的分子动力学的方法，针对高分子聚合物中一些尚未清楚的问题，如极化子在不同体系中的动力学性质、正负极化子的非弹性散射过程，以及电子-电子相互作用对极化子动力学性质的影响等问题进行了较详细的研究。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。