性质

Properties of the first kind are called relative properties of the surface.

第一类性质被称做曲面的相关性质。

What functions between complete lattices can preserve the granule representable property or granule property?

什么样的映射能保持颗粒表示性质或颗粒性质？

This paper analyses the National Treatment of foreign investment on the base of jurisprudence as the followings: The legal value of National Treatment is to secure non-discrimination and farsightedness, to create a relatively fair play field for the residenter and the foreigner in order to realize the liberalization of trade and investment.

本文结合这些问题从以下几方面对外资的国民待遇进行了基础性的法理分析：国民待遇的法律价值在于保障非歧视性和可预见性，为内资与外资创造一个相对公平的竞争环境，实现贸易与投资的自由化；它尚未发展成为一项如某些西方学者鼓吹的普遍性的国际义务，不管从事实上还是法律上，其都具有相对性与非义务性，是否给予外资国民待遇是一国的经济主权；国民待遇包含四项法律要素：客体、主题事项、参照规则和参照对象；超国民待遇具有合理合法性，在我国亦有其存在的必然性，不应一概取消，并且，从法理上讲，国民待遇涵盖了超国民待遇与差别待遇；《TRIMs协议》中的国民待遇在法律性质上仍属货物贸易的国民待遇，但具有授予外资国民待遇的效果，然而何种TRIMs应受其管辖，在国际上争议较大；GATS的国民待遇属具体承诺性质，它仅指外资进入东道国市场后的待遇，并且不只限于形式上的平等，更要求实质上的平等。

The measurement system error model analysis is introduced into power system real time network state analysis as an important part for the first time, which can improve on the state estimation quality and provide the capability to monitor the operation of the measurement system; 2. The theory and algorithm of the on-line estimation and update of measurement noise variance based on the relation between the residual variance and noise variance. The statistic properties of the sample variance are discussed and the relation between the estimation precision and sample size under given confidence level is derived; 3. The theory and algorithm of detection and identification of measurement bias are presented, which is based on the relation between residual mean and noise mean. The statistic properties of sample mean are discussed and the relation between estimation precision and sample size is derived; 4. The Givens orthogonal transformation algorithm is selected to be the essential algorithm of state estimation, the fast orthogonal transformation algorithm with damp factor and the algorithm which can handle the zero injection measurements efficiently are presented; 5. The quantity analysis theory of bad data detectivity and identifibility are presented, which describes the relation between the elements in matrix W〓 and bad data amplitude and can provide the theory base for measurement system design and valuation.

一、首次将量测系统误差模型分析做为一个环节引入电力系统实时网络状态分析中，为EMS系统增加了实时监视系统运行、修正量测系统误差模型的新功能，进一步发挥了实时网络状态分析应用软件的潜力；二、首次提出了应用样本方差在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的基本理论，讨论了样本方差的统计性质和概率分布，推导出了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的关系，给出了在线估计与修正量测系统误差方差的算法；三、首次提出了应用样本均值在线检测与辨识量测偏差的基本理论，讨论了样本均值的统计性质，推导了样本容量、估计精度和置信度之间的基本关系，给出了在线检测与辨识量测偏差的算法；四、在状态估计算法设计中，以Givens变换算法做为基本算法，提出了快速正交变换阻尼因子法和可以有效地处理零注入量测的混合法，并对实时应用中的一些问题进行了讨论；五、提出了不良数据可检测性与可辨识性的定量分析理论，揭示了描述量测系统配置、网络结构与参数的残差灵敏度矩阵中的元素与不良数据的幅值在可检测、可辨识能力上的定量关系，为量测系统配置设计与评价提供了理论基础；六、综合国内外最新研究成果，采用自适应自回归预测技术和稀疏矢量技术，构造了较完善的不良数据检测与辨识算法。

The photophysical properties of diarylethene-containing 1, 10-phenanthroline ligands (L1 and L2) and their rhenium complexes [Re3Cl] (1 and 2) were studied systematically.

研究的目的是通过对体系基态和激发态性质的分析确定金属配合和开闭环结构的不同对激发态性质的影响。

The subject say of right cant justify oneself in theory in legal system of our country, and is valueless at all in practice, the properties of the bankrupt property of the legal provisions of our country are the object property.

对于我国的法律体系来讲，权利主体说在理论上不能自圆其说，在实践中毫无价值，我国破产法律规定的破产财产的性质当属客体性质。

The aim is to seek more effectively new method of separation and purification for rubidium salts, so as to provide basic scientific data for further application study.

本文作为国家自然科学基金资助项目（20171032）的一个组成部分，着重开展了铷盐在水溶液和非水溶液中的等温平衡互溶度、物化性质、相态结构与组成以及热力学性质等方面的研究，以期找到分离和纯化铷盐的新方法，为应用研究打下基础，并积累必备的基础科学数据。

Thermodynamic properties and structure of water under superhigh pressure were investigated by Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics simulations. The obtained heat of vaporization and self-diffusion coefficient are in good agreement with the experimental data.

采用平衡分子动力学方法，模拟研究了温度范围为243~348K、压强范围为0.1~400MPa条件下水的热力学性质、结构和动力学性质，模拟结果与实验值吻合较好。

Firstly properties of the HJ SDF are revealed, and some useful conclusions are obtained. Then by the HJ SDF's properties and the two fund separation theorem, the mean-variance spanning is investigated and the spanning condition is gotten. It is proved by the mathematical method that the spanning condition gotten from HJ SDF is equivalent to the spanning condition gotten from the other methods.

首先研究了HJ随机折现因子的性质，得到了一些有意义的结论；然后结合HJ随机折现因子的性质和两基金分离定理，对均值－方差张成进行了研究，得到了相应的张成条件；最后，从数学上证明，基于HJ随机折现因子得到的张成条件与基于其它方法得到的张成条件是等价的。

Taking advantage of Walsh functions a concept of system sequency character is developed and its nature is discussed.

利用Walsh函数本身的性质，提出了系统序率特性的概念，并讨论了它的性质。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。