性染色质

P1 BMSCs, P3 CCs, and P3 ADAS were implanted into collagen/hyaluronic acid scaffold at different concentrations of 10%, 20%, 50%, 80%, and 100%, and the cells were then three-dimensionally cultured in serum-free culture media. Two weeks later, SO staining and immunohistochemical staining were employed to observe the synthesis between of chondroitin sulfate and type II collagen.

取P1骨髓间充质干细胞，P3软骨细胞和P3脂肪源性成熟基质细胞种植入不同比例(10%，20%，50%，80%，100%)的胶原/透明质酸支架中，在无血清培养液中三维培养。2周后，用SO染色和免疫组织化学染色分析，观察硫酸软骨素和Ⅱ型胶原合成情况。

The present studies showed that two cell populations were found in haemocytes: large cell with high granularity and small cell with low granularity by flow cytometry FCM on light scanttering pattern. Two distinct cell types were identified based on phase contrast microscope: one type of cell was dark and dioptric aberration, while the other was bright and dioptric strong. By Giemsa and H.E staining, cytoplasmic staining were heterogeneous and internal particles were obvious in one type of cell, while cytoplastic staining were homogeneous and internal particles were inexistent in the other type of cell. By transmission electron microscope, we found that the mitochondria, Golgi apparatus organelles were rich and internal particles were obvious in one type of cells, and contrary to the another cells.

流式细胞术光散射图谱显示血细胞被分两类，一类为颗粒度高的大细胞，另外一类为颗粒度低的小细胞；相差显微镜观察显示，血细胞可分为胞体暗、折光性差和胞体明亮、折光性强的两类； Giemsa和H.E染色显示细胞分为胞质染色不均一、胞内颗粒明显和胞质染色均一、胞内颗粒不明显的两类；透射电镜超薄切片观察显示，颗粒明显的细胞胞质内线粒体、高尔基体等细胞器较丰富，颗粒不明显的细胞胞质内细胞器较少；负染结果表明血细胞主要分为表面不光滑、突起明显和细胞表面光滑、突起较不明显的两类。

Results:(1)NSCs form typical neurospheres under adequate concentration in vitro, which are immunoreactive to Vimentin. Typically and terminally differentiated mature neural cells could not be found without the stimulus of mitogen or only under NSCs self-regulation and self-induction;(2)NSCs derived from hippocampus maintain the character of stem cells much longer with better biological behavior; NSCs passed to the 2-3 passage are the best to graft since they have not differentiated;(3)NSCs cultured in vitro could self-regulate and differentiate into neurospheres and progenitors positively immunoreactive to specific antibodies representing neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells;(4)There are widespread synaptic contacts between various kinds of descendent clones and cells;(5)Neurospheres could be formed without the stimulus of mitogen when NSCs and OECs are cocultured. Many neurospheres and cells immunoreactive to Vimentin, GFAP, MAP2, 02, p75NGFR, GFAP, S-100, Synaptosis, Vimentin, Tau (Tau is only positive in cocultureof HNSCs+HOECs) could be found;(6)The supernatant fluid triturated from adult rat spinal cord stimulates NSCs to differentiate into neurons, but do not terminally differentiate;(7)Fibroblasts and O4 oligodendrocytes are not supported to grow under this culture medium.Part II: Isolation, culture and identification of rat and human olfactory ensheathing cellsOlfactory ensheathing cells/glials are the most powerful cells to enable the regeneration of axons in the central nervous system.

结果表明：①在适宜的浓度体外培养条件下，NSCs能形成典型的神经干细胞克隆球，Vimentin免疫荧光染色阳性，单靠丝裂原刺激或NSCs自我调节和分化诱导，不会产生典型的终末分化的成熟神经细胞；②海马源性的NSCs维持干细胞特性的时间更长，生物学特性更优；③传至第2～3代的NSCs尚未分化时移植最佳；④体外培养的NSCs能自我调控分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞、O2少突胶质细胞、雪旺氏细胞染色阳性克隆球和前体细胞；⑤各种子代克隆球和细胞存在广泛的突触联系；⑥NSCs与OECs联合培养时，不需丝裂原刺激即能形成克隆球，获得大量Vimentin、GFAP、MAP2、O2、p75NGFR、GFAP、S-100、Synaptosis、Vimentin、Tau(Tau只有人HNSCs+HOECs联合培养时出现阳染)染色阳性的克隆球和细胞；⑦脊髓研磨后的上清液刺激神经干细胞向神经元方向分化，但并不出现终末分化；⑧本研究培养条件不利于成纤维细胞、O4生长。

Angiectasis, permeability were increased , inflammatory cell were transuded; The cardiac muscle injury conditions after hypoxia 4 h were similar with hypoxia 2h group, appeared lipid droplet, implied the oxidative metabolism of lipid got obstacle started from then; The cardiac muscle injuried conditions were got little improvement in hypoxia 6 and 8 hours team, mitochondria were increased and aggregatived, normal cell junction, sarcomere contract weaked; in hypoxia 10h group , mitochondria were increased and aggregatived obviously, a few glycogenosome were assembled, transverse tubule were expanded, all the changes may be the adaption of Gansu zokors in the hypoxia tolerance process to 4% hypoxia extent gradually.

在4%严重低氧耐受过程中，甘肃鼢鼠心肌超微结构在2h组出现血管扩张，通透性增加，有炎细胞渗出，异染色质边集；4h组心肌损伤状况与2h组接近，出现脂滴，提示脂类的氧化代谢在此时开始发生障碍，6和8h组心肌损伤状况逐渐好转，线粒体聚集增多，细胞连接正常，肌小节收缩较前有所减弱；10组线粒体增多聚集，线粒体脊增粗更为明显，少量糖原颗粒聚集，脂滴较前有所减少，横小管扩张增大变粗，出现了与能量代谢有关的结构适应性变化。

The neoplastic epithelia are low cuboidal and not columnar in shape, with very large and atypical oval nuclei with vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli.

肿瘤性上皮呈低立方状而不是柱状，有很大的卵圆形核和显著核异型性，空泡状染色质和显著核仁。

Results Microscopically, different degrees of hepatocytic degenerative changes and hyperplasic fibrous tissue and typical false lobule formation could be seen. Timm's staining result showed uneven distributed black granular deposits in the hepatocytes. No specific PAS staining was observed. Utrastructurally, the mitochondria were increased in volume and dramatically different in shape. The number of lysomes were increased.

结果 光镜下肝细胞表现为不同程度的退行性变，胶原纤维增生以及典型假小叶形成；Timm's染色阳性，发现不均匀分布黑色颗粒或团块样物质沉积；PAS染色则普遍缺乏特异性染色；超微结构显示线粒体形态多样，体积增大，溶酶体增多，粗面内质网管腔扩张，附着核糖体的脱颗粒，以及胞质水肿，质膜溶解。

Result 1 Magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles modified with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of human telomerase reverse transcriptase induced HL-60 tumor cells to apoptosis, we could see typical morphologic change of apoptosis cells: karyopyknosis, chromation"s condensing and aggregation in nuclear, forming crescent-shaped or annulus structures to lean on edge of cell nucleus"s membrane and posing apoptosis body by Atomic Force Microscope, Fluorescence microscope, transmission electron Microscope 2 There was a significant difference compared with control group(p.01), inhibition ratio had significant positive correlation with medication dosage and time ;during 0.8-8μM dosage amplitude, inhibition ratio accrescenced by dosages increasing. However, the inhibition ratio would decrease when dosage over 8-80μM.

结果 1 磁性纳米粒子、修饰有端粒酶反义寡核苷酸的磁性纳米粒子诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡，原子力显微镜、光学显微镜、荧光显微镜和透射电镜下均观察到HL-60细胞呈现典型的凋亡细胞的形态变化：细胞核固缩，核内染色质浓缩、凝聚、形成新月形或环状结构紧靠在细胞核膜边缘，并形成凋亡小体。2 磁性纳米粒子、修饰有端粒酶反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸的磁性纳米粒子对HL-60肿瘤细胞的生长和增殖有明显的抑制作用，与对照组相比有显著性差异(p＜0.01)，在剂量为0.8-8μmol／L范围内，抑制率随剂量的增加而增加，当剂量超过8μmol／L时，抑制率反而下降；3 磁性纳米粒子、修饰有端粒酶反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸的磁性纳米粒子可增强p53基因的表达活性，引起DNA降解损伤，反向调节细胞周期活动，促使细胞从G0期进入G1期，抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。4 修饰有端粒酶反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸的量子点能通过内吞作用进入HL-60肿瘤细胞的细胞核，可以在细胞内进行定位和促进HL-60肿瘤细胞的凋亡。

Typical characteristics of apoptotic cells as membrane blebbing, chromatin pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and apoptotic body were seen under electromicroscope. Apoptosisspecific DNA ladder bands from SGC-7901 cells were visualized with electrophoresis. Hypodiploid apoptotic peak was observed before G1 phase by flow cytometry analysis.

凋亡细胞形态学上表现为细胞膜起泡、染色质固缩、核碎裂、凋亡小体形成；DNA电泳呈现凋亡特征性阶梯状条带；流式细胞仪分析显示G1期前出现亚二倍体凋亡峰。

Primary cultured chondrocytes are poly-angle, cytoplasm-rich, and their nuclei are either round or oval with clear necleole. Metachromatic and alcian blue positive staining in primary cultured chondrocytes was observed. Intercellular matrix was anti-collagen type Ⅱ staining but not anti-collagen type Ⅰ staining by IHC assay.

原代培养软骨细胞呈多角型，胞质丰富，胞核成圆形或椭圆型，核仁清楚，甲苯胺蓝呈异染性，阿尔新蓝8Gx 染色阳性，细胞外基质Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性，Ⅰ型胶原染色阴性。

After treated in 4% paraformaldehyde,we applied Hematoxylin-Eosin and Nissl staining to exhibit the structure of the retinae and ganglion cells respectively,and also we used immunohistochemical ABC method to display the distribution of GFAP-immunoreactive cells that were specifically classified as the astrocytes.

E 染色以显示视网膜结构，Nissl染色显示神经节细胞，免疫组织化学ABC法染色以显示星形胶质细胞特征性标志物胶质纤维酸性蛋白的阳性反应细胞的分布。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。