心动

To this end, the ultrasound cardiograph is filtered and fuzzily boundary enhanced, a threshold is set to obtain a binary image, then the heart's boundary is got through ellipse curve fitting, cubic spline interpretation and smoothing.

首先对超声心动图像进行滤波以消除图像中的噪声，并运用模糊数学理论进行模糊边缘增强，提取超声心动图像的内外膜边缘信息；接著对超声心动图像作二值化处理和椭圆曲线拟合，初步得到心脏的内外膜边缘；再采用相应的三次样条插值和平滑技术，得到光滑、连续的心脏内外膜边缘。

Methods:to analyze electrocardiogram,echocardiogram,left ventriculography,nuclear magnetic resonance results of 13 cases with ahcm.results:12 cases had apical wall thickening in echocardiogram, 3 cases had a "spade-like" configuration on left ventriculogram, 7cases were misdiagnosed as coronary heart disease initially.conclusion:ahcm is easy to be misdiagnosed as coronary heart disease, echocardiogram plays important role in the diagnosis of ahcm, in patients with suspicion of ahcm and inadequate echo images, the use of contrast echocardiography or mri should be considered.

对13例ahcm的心电图、超声心动图、左室造影及磁共振结果进行分析。结果：13例ahcm中心电图有特征性改变12例，超声心动图提示心尖区增厚12例，左室造影提示舒张期呈"黑桃"形改变3例，初诊误诊为冠心病7例。结论：ahcm易被误诊为冠心病，超声心动图是诊断该病的重要手段，必要时可做心脏超声造影术或磁共振检查。

Results During isoprenaline administration the heart rate of arrhythmia in6cases went faster gradually and They were diagnosed as chronic sustained junctional tachycardia（3cases）and chronic atrial tachycardia（2cases）and sinoatrial reentrant tachycardia（1case）respectively;while the arrhythmias in other9cases disappered and turned to sinus tachycardiac and several minites after isoprenaline administration the arrhythmia in5cases recurred again,As a reˉsult,they were diagnosed non-paroxysmal ventricular（3cases）and non-paroxysmal junctional tachycardia（6cases）respectively.

结果 6例患者心动过速的频率逐渐增快，分别诊断为慢性持续性交界性心动过速（3例）、慢性房性心动过速（2例）和窦房结折返性心动过速（1例）；另9例异位心律失常消失，转变为窦性心动过速，停止滴注后数分钟5例再次出现原心律失常，诊断为非阵发性室性心动过速（3例）和非阵发性交界性心动过速（6例）。

Results During isoprenaline administration the heart rate of arrhythmia in6cases went faster gradually and They were diagnosed as chronic sustained junctional tachycardia（3cases）and chronic atrial tachycardia（2cases）and sinoatrial reentrant tachycardia（1case）respectively;while the arrhythmias in other9cases disappered and turned to sinus tachycardiac and several minites after isoprenaline administration the arrhythmia in5cases recurred again,As a reˉsult,they were diagnosed non-paroxysmal ventricular（3cases）and non-paroxysmal junctional tachycardia（6cases）respectively.

结果 6例患者心动过速的频率逐渐增快，分别诊断慢性持续性交界性心动过速（3例）、慢性房性心动过速（2例）和窦房结折返性心动过速（1例）；另9例异位心律失常消失，转变为窦性心动过速，停止滴注后分钟5例再次出现原心律失常，诊断为非阵发性室性心动过速（3例）和非阵发性交界性心动过速（6例）。

Methods:to analyze electrocardiogram,echocardiogram,left ventriculography,nuclear magnetic resonance results of 13 cases with ahcm.results:12 cases had apical wall thickening in echocardiogram, 3 cases had a "spade-like" configuration on left ventriculogram, 7cases were misdiagnosed as coronary heart disease initially.conclusion:ahcm is easy to be misdiagnosed as coronary heart disease, echocardiogram plays important role in the diagnosis of ahcm, in patients with suspicion of ahcm and inadequate echo images, the use of contrast echocardiography or mri should be considered.

对13例ahcm的心电图、超声心动图、左室造影及磁共振结果进行分析。结果：13例ahcm中心电图有特征性改变12例，超声心动图提示心尖区增厚12例，左室造影提示舒张期呈&黑桃&形改变3例，初诊误诊为冠心病7例。结论：ahcm易被误诊为冠心病，超声心动图是诊断该病的重要手段，必要时可做心脏超声造影术或磁共振检查。

The incidence of major abnormal ECG were 7.3% for STT changes, 5.6% for sinus tachycardia, 4.4% for sinus arrhythmia, 3.4% for ventricular premature beats, 2.0% for bundle branch block and 1.8% for atrial premature beats; Apart from preexcitation syndrome, the incidence of abnormal ECG for male was higher than that of female;Most of abnormal ECG increased with age. A few abnormal ECG such as sinus tachycardia, sinus arrhythmia, sick sinus syndrome decreased with age. The incidence of sinus bradycardia and preexcitation syndrome were bail shape with age. Half of abnormal ECG adults had at least two abnormal ECG, such as STT changes combined with ventricular premature beats or bundle branch block.

异常心电图较多的有STT改变（7.3%）、窦性心动过速（5.6%）、窦性心律不齐（4.4%）、室性早搏（3.4%）、束支传导阻滞（2.0%）、房性早搏（1.8%）；除预激综合征外，其他异常心电图都是男性多于女性；多数异常心电图的检出率随年龄增加而增加，但窦性心动过速、窦性心律不齐、病窦综合征随年龄增加而减少，窦性心动过缓和预激综合征的检出率与年龄呈&杓形&关系；在异常心电图人群中，有约1/2的人合并2种或2种以上的心电图改变，最常见的是缺血性STT改变合并室性早搏或传导阻滞。

Sinus bradycardia or sinus bradycardia with arrhythmia,sino-auricular block,sinus stopping beat with junctional abnormal beat occurred in15cases;Sinus bradycardia with ST-T changes occurred in10cases,ab-normal excitation（including ventricular,supraventricular premature beat with tachycardia）occurred in6cases the cardiac function of9cases were checked up:stroke volume,cardiac indexand ejection timewere normal or on the low side.

窦性心动过缓或窦性心动过缓伴不齐、窦房传导阻滞、窦性停搏伴交界性异搏共18例；窦性心动过缓伴ST-T改变11例；兴奋性异常（室性、室上性早搏伴心动过速）6例。9例心功能检查：心输出量、心脏指数、射血分数三项指标在正常偏低水平。3例心脏彩超三尖瓣赘生物，诊断为感染性细菌性心内膜炎。

Sinus bradycardia or sinus bradycardia with arrhythmia,sino-auricular block,sinus stopping beat with junctional abnormal beat occurred in15cases;Sinus bradycardia with ST-T changes occurred in10cases,ab-normal excitation（including ventricular,supraventricular premature beat with tachycardia）occurred in6cases the cardiac function of9cases were checked up:stroke volume,cardiac indexand ejection timewere normal or on the low side.The colour Doppler showed that excrescence in tricuspid valve of3cases and the diagnosis was infectivity bacterial endocarditis.

窦性心动过缓或窦性心动过缓伴不齐、窦房传导阻滞、窦性停搏伴交界性异搏共18例；窦性心动过缓伴ST-T改变11例；兴奋性异常（室性、室上性早搏伴心动过速）6例。9例心功能检查：心输出量、心脏指数、射血分数三项指标在正常偏低水平。3例心脏彩超三尖瓣赘生物，诊断为感染性细菌性心内膜炎。

Methods Excitable gap was determined in 25 AVNRT patients by series VS2 or AS2 premature stimuli which started from cycle length -10 ms with decremental distance of -10 ms. Forty-one patients with atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia were selected as controls.

25例AVNRT患者心动过速发作后，分别在右室心尖部和高位右房给予VS2和AS2早搏刺激，从心动过速周长-10ms开始刺激，相隔8个心动过速周期，以-10ms的步长进行递减扫描，测定可激动间隙，并与41例房室折返性心动过速患者比较。

Results Among the 65 fetuses, 12 were found with sinus bradycardia, 8 with sinus tachycardia, 5 with supraventricular tachycardia, 28 with atrial premature beat, 7 with premature ventricular and 5 with atrioventricular block.

结果 诊断65胎心律失常，其中窦性心动过缓12胎，窦性心动过速8胎，室上性心动过速5胎，房性期前收缩28胎，室性期前收缩7胎，房室传导阻滞5胎。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。