德性上

Virtues in Aristotelian theoretical tradition are the necessary and sufficient conditions.

亚氏意义上的德性是这种实践的充要条件。

In the theory of human nature, FengQi overcomed the conflicts between rationalism and experimentalism, and assimilated the reasonable factors of theory recovering nature and theory of chieving nature.

冯契以历史实践唯物主义为基础，克服了"心即性"的理性主义和"生之为性"的经验主义对立，吸取了中国哲学史上的成性说与复性说的合理因素，把人性理解为从天性到德性的自由发展过程。

The virtue of adversity is fortitude:which in morals is the more heroical virtue.

在伦理上讲起来，后者是更为伟大的一种德性。

So it does, the natural teaching field should transcend the identicalness, limitation, thinking and utility, the relationship between teachers and students in natural teaching should turn from subjectivity (including inter-subjectivity) to otherness, the art of natural teaching should transcend the aesthetic, useful, creative and explosive characters, and the language of natural teaching should transfer from the instrumental language in the sense of epistemology to the poetical language in the sense of existential-ontology.

正因为如此，德性教学场域就要超切同一、超切有限、超切思维、超切功利，德性教学中的师生关系就要由主体性转变为他者性，德性教学艺术就要超切审美、超切有用、超切创造、超切消解，德性教学语言就要由认识论意义上的工具性语言转变为生存论意义上的诗性语言。

By introducing the characteristics of ancient Greek social life and cultural spirit, ItrY to explain the social and spiritual environments which Aristotle"s Virtue Ethicswas born in and the relationship between Aristotle"s Virtue Ethics and the prevenientones. This thesis expound Aristotles theory about happiness, reason and intermediacy,respectively from the purpose, the matter and the core, as well as the virtue of justiceand the virtue of friendship.

在介绍了古希腊城邦社会生活和文化精神的特质，从而说明亚里士多德德性伦理学诞生的社会环境和精神环境及其与前人之间的可能联系之后，本文分别从宗旨、实质、核心上阐述了亚氏的幸福论、理性观和中道思想，以及他的公正德性和友爱德性。

In different historical stages of economic reform,people formed different theoretical understanding about the relations between economy and ethics,and they also had different disputes on the relations between economy and ethics,individual interests and individual morality,institutional construction and virtu...

在经济改革的不同历史阶段，在理论上对经济与伦理的关系也有不同层面的认识，在经济与道德的关系上，个人利益和个体道德的关系、制度建设与德性养成的关系形成了不同争论焦点。

On the basis of deep analysis on the relation between two judgments on human nature, intellectual virtue and moral virtue, a good people and a good citizen, the relation between the two judgments of eudemonia is explained. That eudemonia is an activity of soul in accordance with perfect virtue is just a tache which links two kinds of eudemonia. Their internal relation also shows the combination of idealism and realism.

在深入分析&人的本质&的两个论断、&理智德性&与&道德德性&、&好人&与&好公民&的关系基础上，两种&幸福&的关系得到了说明：&幸福是灵魂的合于完满德性的实现活动&成为联结二者的纽节，其内在的紧密联系也体现了亚里士多德对&幸福&的理解中理想主义与现实主义精神的结合。

Zi-xia said,"In major virtues,one may not overstep the threshold;in minor virtus,some leeway is permissible."

子夏说，&人的德性，在大节上不能超越规矩界限，在小节上略有出入则是可以的。&

It can be found in certain physical and moral qualities, for example, in civic virtue, in arête, the classical democracy of vertus….

在肉体和精神属性上，在公民德性上，在arete，即古代民主的真理中，我们都能看到这种实质。

Smith wants to base the moral rules upon human nature and refuse the conventional view that virtues come from artifical design and vindicate the natural propriety of virtues.

斯密试图把社会的道德准则建立在人的自然的基础上，同时拒斥德性源于人为设计的习俗主义观点，维护德性的自然合宜性。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。