德国小蠊

Toxicity and repellent activity of several plant-based compounds on Blattella germanica were studied, results showed that rotenone, toosendanin and azadirachtin had stomach toxic effect on Blattella germanica, rotenone showed high stomach toxicity and all insects died after 8 hours, matrine also has deformative effect on Blattella germanica , matrine and toosendanin can affect oviposition of Blattella germanica; repellent activity of these botanicals was further studied, results showed that bering hydrochloridum, azadirachtin and sparteinehave had repellent activity against Blattella germanica, observation also showed that rotenone and bering hydrochloridum had high contact toxicity against Blattella germanica, the time of all insects knocked down were 8 and 48 hours.

选取了7种植物源化合物，测定了它们对德国小蠊的毒性和驱避性，结果表明，鱼藤酮、川楝素和印楝素对德国小蠊具有不同程度的胃毒作用，其中鱼藤酮乙酸乙酯溶液作用较强，8小时死亡率已达100％，川楝素和印楝素对德国小蠊也表现出一定的毒杀作用，观察还发现印楝素和苦参碱对德国小蠊的发育有致畸作用，苦参碱和川楝素影响其卵鞘形成；进一步对这几种化合物的驱避性进行研究，结果表明盐酸黄连素、鱼藤酮乳油和印楝素乳油对德国小蠊有不同程度的驱避作用，其驱避率分别为96.7％、51.3％和50.1％，另外观察到鱼藤酮乙酸乙酯溶液和盐酸黄连素对德国小蠊具有较强的触杀活性，供试虫全部被击倒的时间分别为8小时和48小时。

Research on four plant extracts showed that tangerine had high stomach and contact toxity to Blattella germanica.

触杀试验结果表明，桔皮油、芥末油和生姜汁对德国小蠊若虫表现出一定程度的触杀作用，其校正死亡率率分别为58.62％、29.31％和15.52％，观察尚未发现大蒜提取物对德国小蠊触杀作用。

And the mean lifespan of their counterpart imagoes were 9.750,10.485,48.735 days respectively,some of the female imagoes can continue breeding,but with a lower hatching rate.

德国小蠊耐饥饿能力强，水是德国小蠊生存的必要条件；食物是影响德国小蠊生长发育、繁殖和寿命的重要因子。

The German cockroach is the most commonly encountered of the house infesting species in the United States.

主题：为什么德国小蠊如此难以灭绝？在美国，德国小蠊是侵害家庭物种中最常见的一种。

The German cockroach is the most commonly encountered of the house infesting species in the United States.

主题：为什么德国小蠊如此难以灭除？在美国，德国小蠊是侵害家庭物种中最常见的一种。

Effects of 3 kinds of plant-based materials including 14 materials on Blattella germanica were studied, Effects of 2 kinds of expellents and 2 kinds of pesticides were also studied, for the propose of comparation with the plant-based materials and evaluation of the latter.

本研究选用三大类共14种植物性物质对德国小蠊的防治进行了研究，同时对2种常用驱避剂和2种常用卫生害虫杀虫剂对德国小蠊的作用进行了测定，以期对植物性物质的作用进行比较评价。

The results suggested that insecticide resistance in German cockroach field populations may be correlated with elevated activity of CarE.

结论德国小蠊抗性品系和敏感品系在CarE生化特征上的差异，显示出德国小蠊抗性品系对几种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂产生的高度抗性，与其体内CarE活性的提高有密切关系，表明CarE活性的提高是北京地区野外德国小蠊品系普遍存在的一种抗性机制。

Fourth, German cockroach nymphs are smaller than most other cockroaches; thus, they are able to conceal themselves in many places which are inaccessible to individuals of the larger species.

第四，德国小蠊的若虫比其它种类的蟑螂的要小，所以在很多地方，德国小蠊比其它的大蟑螂更加容易隐藏和独立生存。

Objective To preliminarily identify biochemical mechanism of insecticide resistance by comparing the activities of CarE in susceptible and 9 field resistant populations of German cockroach, Blattellagermanica in Beijing.

目的研究德国小蠊敏感品系和抗性品系羧酸酯酶生化性质上的差异，旨在从生化水平上确定CarE在德国小蠊抗性中的作用，初步揭示德国小蠊抗性机制。

Based on the above research, The situation and level of insecticides resistance in the German cockroach, relationship between activity of P450s and resistance, cloning and identification cytochrome P450 CYP4 genes, phylogenetic relations of insect P450 and the role of CYP4 genes in insecticides resistance of the German cockroach were clarified. The methods to analysising early diagnostics of resistant colony was established.

通过上述研究工作，基本上阐明了德国小蠊的抗药性水平、抗药性的产生和发展、抗性群体的早期诊断、多功能氧化酶系的环氧化活力与抗药性的关系、德国小蠊CYP4基因的克隆和核心序列分析、昆虫P450基因的同源性及进化、CYP4基因在德国小蠊抗药性中的作用等几个方面的内容，并建立了抗药性的早期诊断技术。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失