微系统

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

A theoretical model is presented which adopts maglev system to decompound complex problems in micro assembly and makes the system simple.

针对现有微装配系统存在的问题，给出了一种新的理论模型；将微产品装配离散化，便于建立标准化、模块化的实用微装配系统。

Firstly, the relationship of Atomic force and distance is studied. The scan type of samples and the working mode of probe is confirmed, then PZT is chosen as actuator for micro scan displacement, and optical deflexion method is used to detect the deflexion value of cantilever. After all these work, the system light path design is finished, and its mathematical model is completed.

首先，分析了原子力探针系统的中原子力–距离的关系，并确定探针系统的探针的工作模式和样品的扫描模式，从而选择压电陶瓷作为扫描微位移驱动器；采用光学偏转法检测微悬臂偏转量，并选用了PSD作为传感元件，并在此基础上进行了系统光路设计及其数学模型的建立。

A novel Ni-Cr-Au micro-structure scheme is brought forward after research on the silicon-based non-silicon optical switch. By theoretic and experimental analysis, a Ni-Cr-Au optical switch unit is fabricated successfully. Measuring experiments have been done on the Ni-Cr-Au micromirror for electrostatic driving torsion mirror optical switch.

本文对2D MEMS光开关的关键技术进行了探讨，采用体微加工和表面微加工技术和新型MEMS结构材料，研制出2D MEMS光开关的微镜及其驱动结构，主要研究工作如下：系统地对MEMS技术，尤其是MEMS微加工技术进行了研究，为MEMS器件设计奠定理论基础。

By extending the method of the perturbation control applied to 1-D systems to 2-D discrete dynamical systems, we study its control on spatial chaos in the sense of space.

空间混沌的参数微扰控制将一维系统的参数微扰控制拓展到2-D离散动力系统上，真正从空间意义上研究2-D离散动力系统的混沌控制，实现了其空间混沌的控制，并利用Lyapunov第一方法给出了不动平面稳定的一个充分条件。

The Bit-slice computer Development System (BCDS 29/20) adopts IBM PC/XT as its host machine and its hardware comprises of microprogram controller, GP 256 programmer and HP 1630A logic analyser, while its software comprises of microcode generating, simulating, debugging and some other supporting programs.

BCDS29/20位片计算机开发系统的性能指标超过美国AMD公司1981年推出的Amsys29/10产品。该系统选用IBM PC/XT作为宿主机，硬件系统包括微程序控制器、GP256编程器和HP1630A逻辑分析仪等部件，软件系统包括微码生成、模拟、调试及其它支持软件。

A dynamic testing system for MEMS microstructure in high temperature based on point discharge was developed, which was mainly composed of excitation device, Laser Doppler Vibrometer and temperature control system.

基于放电激励方法建立了高温环境下 MEMS 微构件动态特性测试系统，该系统主要由激励装置、激光多普勒测振仪、微构件温度控制系统组成。

It illuminated that the TiN coating enhanced the load bearing capacity, and enlarged the using range of substrate material. MoS2 coating and TiN+ MoS2 composite coating both possessed the good capability for palliating radial fretting damage. The microslip increased in radial fretting when the solid lubrication coating was used on the contact interfaces. More system energy can be absorbed in this process in favor of reducing vibration.

TiN 涂层明显提高了基体材料的承载能力，扩大了其应用范围； MoS2涂层和 TiN+ MoS2复合涂层具有较好的抗径向微动损伤能力；固体润滑涂层增加了径向微动界面的微滑，并可吸收更多的系统能量，有利于系统的减振。

Photo-cathode superconducting accelerator experiment system includes Nd:YAG mode-locked laser, Cs 2Te cathode, 2+1/2 RF gun, L band 3.5MW microwave source, 1.3GHz superconducting cavity, 500W continuous microwave source, coaxial input coupler, 4.2K cryostat, helium liquified system, control system, beam diagnosis system, and vacuum system.

光阴极超导加速器实验系统由四倍频 Nd：YAG锁模激光器，Cs2 Te光阴极，2 +1 / 2微波电子枪，L波段 3 。5 MW脉冲微波源，1 。3 GHz单腔超导铌腔，5 0 0 W连续微波源，超导腔束管耦合器，4 。2 K低温恒温容器，液氦制冷系统，同步控制系统，束流参数诊断，真空系统等构成。

But the brightness of the simple optic system single panel sequential color LCoS was low, so that its application was limited. To improve the brightness of it, we presented a new operating mode for the single panel LCoS system firstly-the dual_phase dual-storage pseudo parallel driving method.

但是目前采用简单光引擎的单屏LCoS微显示系统在显示彩色图像时仍有亮度较低的缺点，为此我们提出了一种应用于简单光学系统的单屏时序彩色LCoS微显示系统的全新方法：双拍双存储伪并行方法。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。