微粒的

To test the respirators fitness, we used quantitative fit test system to measure the fitness of the three models of new respirators worn by real person. The testing method is to use a differential mobility analyzer to select the particles of 40nm in diameter. N95 respirators are capable of filtering out almost all 40nm particles, therefore, the 40 nm particles measured within the respirator would be considered due to the leakage caused by poor fitness.

口罩密合度是使用定量密合度测试组合系统以真人分别配戴三款五年口罩A、B与C和同样型号新口罩来测试其密合度，测试方法主要是利用差异电移动度分析仪筛选粒径为40nm的微粒，而N95口罩的特性几乎可以完全过滤40 nm的微粒，所以口罩内量测到40nm粒径的微粒可被认定是泄漏造成。

In order to improve the convergence of the back analysis of the rock-fill material parameters, four improved PSO methods have been proposed in this paper. Two are convergence improved PSO, and the others are the PSO based on multi-objective problem.

为提高标准微粒群算法在堆石坝坝料参数反演分析中的适应性，本文采用收敛性改进的微粒群算法和基于多目标问题的微粒群算法，详细阐述了算法的改进原理。

The combination of SEM and SIMS （secondary ion mass spectrometer） is one of the accepted working lines to analyze isotopic compositions of particles. But it required fast searching and accurate locating the interested particles on the sample planchet in SEM and then re-locating the particles and analyzing their isotopic composition in SIMS.

扫描电镜和二次离子质谱仪的联用是公认的微粒同位素分析技术路线之一，它需要用扫描电镜对样品垫上感兴趣的微粒进行快速查找和准确定位，最终用SIMS对同一微粒进行再定位和同位素分析。

As the results, carbon blacks, chrysene and benzopyrene had similar effect on ICAM-1 regulation with motorcycle exhaust particles. It was supposed that three of them had an important role in motorcycle exhaust particles caused inflammatory response.

并且利用纯黑碳微粒与多环芳香烃类来探讨废气悬浮微粒所造成的影响成分为何，结果发现黑碳微粒和多环芳香烃中的benzopyrene与chrysene具有和MEP相类似的影响与反应，推估这三种成分在MEP所造成的发炎反应中应占有著一定的地位。

The objectives of this study were to observe the difference of particle components on the filter before and after ultrasonic extraction, as well as to compare the particle components collected by an impinger sampler.

而本研究之目的在於观察经过震荡步骤后，微粒元素成分的改变情况，并尝试以impinger采样方式直接将微粒采集在水中，探讨采集在滤纸上及直接以水捕集微粒之间的差异性。

Then, nanoparticles were prepared with a reprecipitation method and tested. We found that the nanoparticles with small size and lower poly-dispersion index can be prepared though shortening deposited time, decreasing concentration, increasing deposited temperature and adding surfactant.

利用二次沉淀法制备出三种有机分子不同粒径的纳米微粒，通过改变时间、浓度、温度、表面活性剂等实验条件分析这些因素对纳米微粒粒度的影响，发现缩短放置时间、减少有机稀溶液的注入量、升高放置温度、加入表面活性剂可以得到小粒度，低分散度的纳米微粒。

The proposed algorithm incorporates two methods for the niching techniques: first, different algorithms are used for the evolvement of main swarms and sub-swarms; different sub-swarm with a main swarm is distinguished using clustering method.

提出的算法组合了两种方法来实现小生境技术的思想：第一，采用多种群策略实现全局和各子微粒群按不同的PSO算法进化：第二，采用聚类算法区分微粒群中存在的不同子微粒群。

The time-activity of workers was recorded manually during sampling, and the average exposure levels of nanoparticle mass concentrations and nanoparticle number concentrations to workers were calculated from the time-activity pattern and the mapping data. In the iron foundry plant, the worker with the highest exposure level was the crane driver whose average exposure levels of nanoparticle number concentrations and nanoparticle mass concentrations were found to be 5.17x104 ?q/cm3 and 11.39 ?慊/m3, respectively.

为了解工作人员的质量暴露浓度，本研究在采样的过程中利用人工的方式将工作人员的时间-活动模式加以记录，结合此时间-活动模式以及奈米微粒质量浓度分布图，可以推估出工作人员的平均奈米微粒数目浓度与质量浓度暴露量，其中铸造厂暴露浓度最高的工作人员为天车吊桶作业人员，其奈米微粒平均暴露数目浓度与暴露质量浓度分别为5.17x104 #/cm3、11.39μg /m3。

The particle of composite platings develops from singleness paticle to muti-paticle, muti-fibre. It forms muti-function composition platings to satisfy industrial require.

复合镀层中的分散微粒也从单一微粒、纤维向多种微粒、多种纤维等方面发展，形成具有多种功能的复合镀层，以更好地满足工业发展的要求。

The DC GIL electrode which includes particle trap, particle driver and field-well ring is designed. Electric field distribution of this electrode is also emulated. The results indicate the triple structure can limit the activity of the metal conducting particle.

设计了包含微粒陷阱、微粒驱赶电极和屏蔽环的直流GIL电极结构，并对此进行了电场分布的仿真，结果表明此结构具有抑制金属导电微粒运动的作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。