微生物

The kinetics of degradation of healthy paddyfield ecosystem due to unreasonable fertilization are as follows.(1) The rice growth was interfered and the structure of microbe population was altered through applying excessive nitrogen fertilizer, while the yield of rice was decreased later and the secretion was reduced from rice root, which induced the Eh and the quantities of Bacterium and Actinomycetes declining, and the contents of MBC, MBN, MBP low in the soil. All of that made the capacity of accommodating nutrient weak in microbe ecosystem.

不合理施肥引起的稻田生态系统退化的动力学特征是：(1)重施氮肥首先使水稻植株生长受阻，同时改变土壤微生物种群结构，从而直接使水稻产量降低，稻田土壤生产力受损，并产生一系列不良次级反应：水稻生理活动减弱减少了根系分泌量，同时也降低了土壤Eh，使稻田土壤细菌、放线菌数量降低，MBC、MBN以及MBP含量下降，微生物保肥、供肥能力降低，从而土壤微生物生态系统功能弱化。

Biological treatment of saline wastewater presents unique difficulties as a result of plasmolysis of microorganisms which can cause microorganism death in the presence of high salt concentrations.

因为盐析作用可致使微生物的脱氢酶活性降低，同时水的渗透压也会升高，使微生物细胞脱水引起细胞原生质分离，从而导致微生物细胞破裂而死亡。

NS had higher respiratory quotient at 10~20cm, thus younger microbiology, and CN had younger microbiology at 0~10cm. This was good to sustain soil qualified characters and sustainable potentiality. This showed that mechanic tillage and biological tillage were of the same importance in some degree. It was important for reducing energy cost to enhance the effect of microbiology in soil nutrtient transferring.

免覆在10~20cm土层呼吸商较高，微生物年轻化，常无在0~10cm土层微生物年轻化，对维持土壤的优良性状和可持续利用潜力有益，这在一定程度上说明机械耕地和生物耕地的同等重要性，充分提高土壤微生物在养分转化中的作用对于降低农业生产中的能耗有重要意义。

The growth of microbes is proportional to the amount of ATP; therefor the velocity of aerobic retting with oxygen is far quicker than that of anaerobic retting without oxygen.

微生物的生长量与ATP的数量成正比，因此好氧微生物在有氧的条件下对胶质的降解速度比厌氧微生物在无氧的条件下快得多。

For efficient utilization of phosphorus—rich rhodochrosite and complicated sulfides, we have carried out some studies on enrichment of manganese, dephosphorization and bio-catalytical oxidation of sulfides supported by NSFC (No. 59374150, 59774010), the main contents include: properties of Huayuan Manganese ore; microorganisms preparation of dealing with manganese ore; physiological and biochemical properties of microbes used; the mechanism of microbes function to manganese ore; the separation, tameness of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and its nutriment; bio—catalytical oxidation mechanism of sulfides; extraction of gold by bio—catalytical oxidation—cyanidation.

为解决我国储量丰富的高磷贫碳酸锰矿石和复杂硫化矿有效利用中存在的问题，我们在国家自然科学基金委员会的资助下（No.59374150，No.59774010），以花垣锰矿石和黄铜矿、黄铁矿等为研究对象，进行了高磷贫碳酸锰矿石的微生物富锰降磷和生物催化氧化硫化矿等的研讨工作，内容包括：花垣锰矿石的性质研究；富锰降磷微生物的筛选；试验用微生物的生理生化特性及富锰降磷机理探讨；催化氧化硫化矿细菌的分离、驯化及营养条件确定；生物催化氧化硫化矿的机制；金的生物催化氧化—氰化提取。

Even there is no more new microbial,the microbial still grow and enlarge continuously to product slimy mud.

即使没有新的微生物带入，在这些区域里微生物仍可生长和扩大，不断产生微生物粘泥。

A basic knowledge of microbiology, will be detected with a microscope observation of micro-organisms, medium Preparation, disinfection and sterilization, separation and purification of micro-organisms, bacteria counting method A chemical analysis of the theoretical knowledge and can use chemical analysis methods and equipment of the components of material analysis Master fermentation process principles, understanding of beer, liquor, fermentation production technology Master protein related knowledge, PAGE gel electrophoresis technology, high-speed centrifugal Genetic engineering master the basic theory of knowledge, the extraction and purification of genes, PCR principle, gene recombination technology Master of the basic theoretical knowledge, the immobilized enzyme, the enzyme preparation Application Master of animal and plant tissue culture techniques of experimental steps studied experimental apparatus: Balance (scales, electronic scales, Analytical Balance), or acidity, spectrophotometer, liquid gas chromatography, acid-base titration apparatus, microscopes, centrifuges, ultrasonic cleaning, constant temperature oscillation incubator, super-clean table, steam sterilization pot, the pot constant temperature water bath, PAGE device apparatus, oven, fermenter, such as PCR instrument.

具备微生物理论基础知识，会用显微镜检测观察微生物，培养基的制备、消毒与灭菌，分离与纯化微生物，细菌的计数法具备分析化学的理论知识，能运用化学分析和仪器分析方法对物质的组分进行分析掌握发酵工艺原理，了解啤酒、白酒、发酵生产工艺掌握蛋白质相关知识，PAGE凝胶电泳技术，高速离心掌握基因工程的基本理论知识，基因的提取和纯化，PCR技术原理，基因重组技术掌握酶的基本理论知识，酶的固定化方法，酶制剂的应用掌握动植物组织培养技术的实验步骤学过的实验仪器：天平（台天平，电子天平，分析天平）、酸度计、分光光度计、液气相色谱仪，酸碱滴定仪器，显微镜，离心机，超声波清洗器、恒温振荡培养箱、超净工作台，蒸气灭菌锅、恒温水浴锅，PAGE电泳装置仪器、干燥箱、发酵罐、PCR扩增仪等。

Furthermore, several bacteria genera are anaerobic or facultative anaerobic, and therefore cannot form pure cultures by ordinary streak plate method. Combination of well developed classical anaerobic microbiological techniques with modern molecular techniques, along with dynamic understanding of growth status and mode of odor production by different bacteria genera is critical for successful future studies.

此外， 猪粪尿排泄物中很多微生物是厌氧或兼性厌氧菌，无法通过普通的平板划线法而获得纯培养，今后应将传统的微生物厌氧培养方法与现代微生物分子生物学技术结合，动态了解和掌握不同菌群的生长状态及在恶臭产生过程中的作用。

In addition to air some of the Central Plains and some micro-organisms (non-pathogenic micro-organisms saprophytic, Bacillus, is Achromobacter, as well as a small number of Streptococcus actinomycetes, yeast and fungi, and so on), there may be from a human body More pathogenic micro-organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, diphtheria bacteria, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, meningococcal, influenza virus, measles virus, etc.

除大气中原有的一些微生物（非致病性的腐生微生物、芽胞杆菌属、无色杆菌属、细球菌属以及一些放线菌、酵母菌和真菌等）外，也可能存在来自人体的某些病原微生物（如结核杆菌、白喉杆菌、溶血性链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、脑膜炎球菌、感冒病毒、麻疹病毒等）成为空气传播疾病的病原。

The metabolism and succession of microbial population took place ceaselessly during the fermentation and led to microbial polymorphism which mainly presented as anaerobe,methane bacteria,caproic acid bacteria,lactic acid bacteria,sulfate reducing bacteria,and nitrate reducing bacteria etc.

窖泥糟醅是发酵过程微生物栖息的生态环境，其中微生物种群随发酵过程的进行而不停地演替和代谢，具有明显的多态性。其微生物种群的多态性主要表现为厌氧异氧菌、甲烷菌、己酸菌、乳酸菌、硫酸盐还原菌、硝酸盐还原菌等。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。