微生物

To obtain a better understanding of the microbiota inhabiting the intestinal tract of wood-feeding lower termites, the European subterranean termite, Reticulitermes santonensis (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), was used as a model system.

为了对木食性白蚁肠道共生微生物有一个全面的了解，以揭示白蚁肠道共生微生物在木质纤维素消化中的作用，本论文在国际上首次报道了应用分子克隆，DNA指纹分析，及荧光原位杂交等多种先进的分子生物学技术，以散白蚁Reticulitermes santonensis为模式系统研究低等木食性白蚁肠道内不同微生态环境中细菌的区系结构及多样化和主要细菌类群在该白蚁肠道的分布与定位等问题，并研究了与散白蚁Reticulitermes flavipes肠道共生鞭毛虫P.vertens相关的共生细菌的系统发育类型。

To obtain a better understanding of the microbiota inhabiting the intestinal tract of wood-feeding lower termites, the European subterranean termite, Reticulitermes santonensis (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), was used as a model system. The diversity and structure of the bacterial community in the different niches of the gut, as well as the distribution and location of major bacterial phylotypes within the intestinal tract was evaluated using various molecular techniques such as clonal analysis, DNA fingerprinting, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In addition, the symbiotic bacteria associated with the flagellate, Pyrsonympha vertens in the gut of the closely related Eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes , were phylogenetically characterized.

为了对木食性白蚁肠道共生微生物有一个全面的了解，以揭示白蚁肠道共生微生物在木质纤维素消化中的作用，本论文在国际上首次报道了应用分子克隆，DNA指纹分析，及荧光原位杂交等多种先进的分子生物学技术，以散白蚁Reticulitermes santonensis为模式系统研究低等木食性白蚁肠道内不同微生态环境中细菌的区系结构及多样化和主要细菌类群在该白蚁肠道的分布与定位等问题，并研究了与散白蚁Reticulitermes flavipes肠道共生鞭毛虫P.vertens相关的共生细菌的系统发育类型。

In the water samples from Gudao, and No. 1 and 2 wastewater stations of the Shengli Oil Field, the ratios of amount of iron bacterial cells to total microbial cells, detected by the combination of the 4 probes and DAPI staining, were 11.0%, 12.8% and 9.0%, respectively. In the iron bacterial community, Leptothrix, Sphaerotilus and L. ferriphilum were dominant in the 3 stations, and Leptothrix and Sphaerotilus, and L. ferriphilum cells to accounted for 2.94%±0.52%~3.39%±0.52% and 2.24%±0.16%~2.63%±0.49% of the total microbial cells, respectively, while L.

结果表明，利用基因探针能快速对胜利油田外排水中的铁细菌进行检测：在孤岛采油厂、胜利采油厂1号和2号综合处理站的外排水中，利用4种探针的组合探针检测到的铁细菌细胞数量分别占样品中微生物总细胞数量的11.0%、 12.8%和9.0%，其中Leptothrix和Sphaerotilus，以及Leptospirillum ferriphilum为胜利油田外排水中的3种优势铁细菌，分别占水样中总微生物细胞数的2.94%±0.52%~3.39%±0.52%和2.24%±0.16%~2.63%±0.49%；而Leptospirillum ferrooxidans和Acidithiobacillus spp。

Because the straw is make up of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignose,and it is hard to break down by microbe,so when the straws are taken into the farmland,it always need a long time to decompose and cannot be the right season fertilizer.

由于农作物秸秆主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素三大部分组成，自然状态下难以被微生物分解，所以秸秆直接还田后在土壤中被微生物分解转化的周期长，难以作为当季作物的肥源。

Whether fermentative、 proteolytic or lipolytic end products dominate will depend on the nature of the food, the types of microorganisms present, and environmental conditions affecting their growth and metabolic patterns.

解：到底是发酵的终产物占主导还是蛋白质水解的或脂肪分解的终产物占主导，取决于食品本身的性质，食品中存在的微生物类型，以及影响微生物生长和代谢模式的环境条件。

Therefore, the decrease of microbial diversity index with age was one reason why the quality of H. lupulus decreased.

随啤酒花植龄的延长，土壤微生物数量的变化，特别是微生物多样性指数的减少，可能是啤酒花品质下降的原因之一。

Microbial population changes in farmland soil of different aged H. lupulus was investigated, and microbial number and diversity index in soil of different aged H.

通过测定22，20，18，8和5年啤酒花农田土壤微生物区系的变化，分析了不同植龄土壤微生物数量及多样性指数与啤酒花产量和品质的关系。

It is important to study the dynamics of microbial community and the characteristics of microorganisms during the composting.

堆肥化过程中不同微生物群落的动态变化及微生物群体特征的研究是非常重要的。

The mechanism of organic wastewater treatment by using the thermophilic anaerobic microbe and the influences of temperature, pH value, loading rate, volatile fatty acid and the microbic carrier on the degradation process were discussed.

探讨了使用高温厌氧微生物处理有机废水的机理以及温度、pH值、有机负荷、挥发性脂肪酸、微生物载体等对有机废水处理工艺过程的影响。

Discard enzymatic detergents after each use because these products are not microbicidal and will not retard microbial growth.

在每次使用后抛弃酶去污剂，因为酶产品不具备微生物除杀的功能，不能阻止微生物在污染水中的滋生。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！