微核

The results on the effects of micronucleus in erythrocytes of Danio rerio induced by bensulfuron-methyl at different times and different concentrations showed that the MN rate of control group was 0.0103%, the highest MN rate of experimental group reached to 0.372%, it also indicated that bensulfuron-methyl herbicide had genetics toxicity to Danio rerio.

不同处理浓度和染毒时间对斑马鱼红细胞微核形成的影响试验表明，对照组红细胞微核细胞率为0.010 3%，处理组红细胞微核细胞率最高达0.372%，说明除草剂苄嘧磺隆对斑马鱼具有遗传毒性作用。

Barley seeds were irradiated with five different doses of 60 Co-γ ray.There were many kinds of chromosome aberration in pollen mother cells,such as bridge,laggards in anaphase I and anaphase II,asymmetrical division in anaphase I and asynchronous division in anaphase II,ring quadrivalent in metaphase I,three pole division and micro-nuclei in telophase I,micro-nuclei in tetrad and some micro-nucleus separates from the tetrad to form polyad.

大麦种子经5种不同剂量γ射线辐照后， M1植株的花粉母细胞出现多种染色体畸变类型，例如后Ⅰ、后Ⅱ中出现桥、落后，后Ⅰ中出现不对称分裂，后Ⅱ中出现不同步分裂，中期Ⅰ出现环状四价体，末期Ⅰ中有三极分裂和微核，四分体中出现微核且有的微核独立于四分体，从而形成多分体。

When EMS was applied, it was found that 2.0% EMS resulted the highest microkernel rate (15.6‰). Treating the materials with 2.0% EMS for 4 hours could lead to semi-lethal. Cytological observations found that chromosome aberration phenomena such as single microkernel, double microkernel, three microkernel, chromosome bridge, resort chromosome and syncytium were presented in the mutants.

EMS诱变途径中，浓度为2.0 %处理时间为4 h的组合获得最高的微核率（15.6‰），EMS浓度为2.0 %处理时间为4 h的组合使材料达到半致死；细胞学的观察看到了单微核、双微核、三微核、染色体桥、滞留染色体和合胞体等染色体畸变现象，再生苗中发现了1棵变异株。60Co辐射的诱变途径中，20Gy的剂量使不定芽半致死，再生苗中发现了1棵变异株。

Results We found that (1) at 0 Gy, MN yield was 11.3 ± 2.7 per 1000 binucleated cells.

结果 (1)在 0 Gy时，每 10 0 0个双核细胞的微核量是 11.3± 2 。7，人参水提取物≥ 5 0 0μg· ml- 1 时微核量下降，但微核量和人参水提取物的浓度之间的差异是显著的。

Results: a In the negative control group, spontaneous chromosome aberration and micronucleus rated the mice's were very low; in the positive control group, chromosome aberration and micronucleus rate of the mice's were highest. b Before cyclophosphamide intoxation, when the four kinds of vegetables and hilts juice were preventively irrigated into the mice's stomachs respectively, the chromosome aberration and micronucleus rate in the negative control group were lower than these in the positive control group (P.05); but after intoxation, when the four kinds of vegetables and fruits juice were therapeutically irrigated into the mice's stomachs respectively, the chromosome aberration and micronucleus rate were similar with the result above mentioned . c Acing the four kinds of vegetables and fruits, sea-buckthorn lad the best preventive and curative effects.

结果：a在阴性对照组中，小鼠自发的染色体畸变率和微核率极低；在阳性对照组中，小鼠染色体畸变率和微核率最高。b在环磷酰胺染毒之前，分别将4种蔬菜水果汁给小鼠进行预防性灌胃，其染色体畸变率和微核率均比阳性对照组低(P.05)；在染毒之后，分别将4种蔬菜水果给小鼠治疗性灌胃，其结果与上述实验结果相似。c在4种蔬菜水果中，以沙棘的预防和治疗效果为最好。

Micronucleus test results exhibited that significant differences in micronuclear rates were determined between 0.4 mL bone cement and 0.4 mL microsphere-coated bone cement groups and negative control group, but no significant difference was detected among other groups. This revealed that this microsphere-coated bone cement leaching liquor did not show significant cell heredity toxic effects. Nevertheless, microsphere-coated bone cement in the high concentration and high dosage groups exhibited low toxic effects, mainly showing increased hemolysis rate and micronuclear rate. Thus, it was necessary to control the dosage and concentration of microsphere-coated bone cement.

微核实验结果显示除0.4 mL骨水泥组和0.4 mL微球骨水泥组的微核率与阴性对照组差异有显著性意义，其余各组差异无显著性意义，说明该微球骨水泥的浸提液无明显细胞遗传毒性作用，但是高浓度和高剂量组的微球骨水泥仍有较低的毒性作用，主要表现为溶血率和微核率的提高，因此在应用时要适当控制微球骨水泥的剂量和浓度。

The frequencies of micronuclei and multinucleate cells in BEAS-2B cells were significantly increased by DU and these increments of micronucleated cells could be inhibited effectively by DMSO.

贫铀诱发微核细胞、多核细胞增多，DMSO对微核细胞增多有抑制作用，而对多核细胞增多无明显的抑制作用。

The induction effects of SO 2 inhalation on micronuclei formation in the polychromatophilic erythroblasts of mouse bone marrow and protection effect of Seabuckthorn seed oil were studied in vivo.

结果表明：(1)短期与长期 SO2 吸入均可引起小鼠骨髓 PCE细胞微核率和微核细胞率显著升高，且有明确的剂量-效应关系；(2 )随着吸入的 SO2 浓度的增高，不仅单微核细胞率，而且双微核细胞率均显著升高；(3) SO2对阳性致突变剂乌拉坦诱发微核的作用有显著抑制效应；(4 )沙棘油对 SO2 诱发 PCE微核的效应有防护作用。

Otherwise,the affection on mutagenicity of samples were researched by cooking with some routine methods and false gastric and intestines succus.

豆瓣酱提取液的蚕豆根尖微核率与阴性均存在差异显著性且微核指数＞1.5，样品微核指数范围在1.597-4.434之间，说明豆瓣酱可能存在致突变性。

The results showed that the irradiation of γ-rays inhibited mitoses and produced various aberrations, such as single micronucleus, double micronucleus, multi-micronucleus, small micronucleus, chromosome fragment, chromosome conglutination, single bridge, double bridge, multi-bridge, dissociative chromosome, lagging bridge in root tip cells of Medicago sative L.

实验结果表明，γ射线辐照苜蓿种子可以抑制根尖细胞有丝分裂，并诱发根尖细胞产生单微核、双微核、多微核、小核、染色体断片、染色体粘连、单桥、双桥、多桥、游离染色体、落后染色体等多种畸变。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。