微分

The cone-subdifferential stability of efficicient point set of bilevel multiobjective optimization with perturbational parameters in lower level is considered.

借助集值映射最优化问题有效解的锥次微分稳定性理论，讨论了上层无扰动，下层带扰动参数的二层多目标最优化问题有效点集的锥次微分稳定性。

Key words:Spectral and pseudospectral approximation,incompressible fluid flow,un-bounded domain,nonlinear partial differential equations.

本文的主要方法与技巧对无界区域中的其它偏微分方程同样适用。关键词：方法谱与拟谱逼近，无界区域，不可压缩流，非线形偏微分方程。收敛性和稳定性

Secondly, the fractional order differentiation of rectangle signal, triangle signal and trapezia signal are carried out, meanwhile the analytical expressions of them are presented in this paper.

给出了一些常用周期信号分数阶微分的解析形式，同时也研究了周期序列的分数阶微分运算的数字实现。

Curvature is the result of geometric structure in image; a new third order partial differential equation is proposed which transports curvature information along isophotes. The third order POE is morphologically invariant. Helmholtz vorticity equation which annihilates vorticity and third order POE which forward transports curvature information are coupled to be a new model.

曲率是图像几何特征作用的结果，本文提出沿等照度线方向传输曲率信息的三阶形态学不变偏微分方程，并将抑制涡量的无粘亥姆霍兹方程和正向传输曲率信息的三阶偏微分方程耦合。

It is also a further improvement to the Newton-PCG algorithms. Moreover, by applying the Newton-PCG method and automatic differentiation, one new inexact method of tangent hyperbolas is proposed.

进一步将自动微分应用于牛顿-PCG型算法，构造了新算法，并从理论上证明了使用自动微分的牛顿-PCG型算法有非常显著的进一步的改进。

Second, based on the spherical vector wave function in uniaxial anisotropic medium, and the first, second, third and fourth spherical Bessel functions satisfy the same differential equation and recursive formula. The scattering fields in terms of spherical vector wave function from a uniaxial anisotropic spherical shell and an anisotropic uniaxial-coated conducting sphere by a plane wave are derived. The electromagnetic fields in uniaxial anisotropic medium and free space can be expressed in terms of spherical vector wave functions in uniaxial anisotropic media and isotropic medium.

二、在建立均匀各向异性单轴介质球矢量波函数理论的基础上，利用二阶线性偏微分方程的性质和第一、第二、第三和第四类球Bessel函数满足相同的微分方程和递推关系，我们分别研究了单轴介质球壳和单轴介质涂覆导体球对平面波的电磁散射特性，首先给出了各个区域的电磁场用球矢量波函数来表示的解析表达式，进而利用电磁场在边界上满足电磁场切向连续的边界条件和球谐函数的正交性，得出了各向异性单轴介质球结构中电磁场用球矢量波函数表示的系数所满足的矩阵方程。

It also derives calculation formulas of various dispersed coefficient to set up three-dimensional turbulence model of draft tube and confirm the solving method.

对流场控制方程及三维湍流模型进行了深入的分析与研究，导出了通用微分方程，用有限体积法推导了通用微分方程的离散形式，并导出了各种离散系数的计算公式，建立了尾水管的三维湍流模型，并确定了求解方法。

And by the backward stochastic differential equation we get the corresponding partial differential equation of the European option price when those parameters are constants.

并且，借助倒向随机微分方程找到在以上参数均为常数时，期权价格所满足的偏微分方程。

This technique is to convert signed digraphs to Forrester schematics and then to convert Forrester schematics into differential equtions via the concepts in system dynamics and by means of computer technology.

本文将讨论复杂系统的微分方程模型的人机交互自动建模技术，这种建模技术实质上就是通过人机对话方式，借助于系统动力学的一些概念，实现从系统动力学的因果关系图到流图，以及从流图到系统的微分方程模型的转变。

This paper research on the effect of investment with reserve for insurance price by theory of backward stochastic differential equation.Modeling the investment with backward stochastic differential equation and the resultts got.

本文利用倒向随机微分方程的理论，在考虑保险公司提计准备金的背景下研究投资对于保险价格的影响，建立了再保险投资定价的正倒向微分随机方程的模型，并给出了保险价格的显性解。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。