形状系数

Numerical simulation and shaking table tests for acceleration response of piles in liquefiable ground were performed under three earthquake events.

结果表明：三种地震输入下，自下而上沿桩-柱墩长度方向，加速度峰值放大系数变化基本一致且均出现在10～20s时段内，加速度时程曲线的形状也极其相似；压缩0.15g El Centro波输入下加速度反应在砂土层与黏土层过渡带有增大趋势、在地表则有一定程度减小，且压缩0.15g El Centro波较0.15g El Centro波输入下均偏小，0.15g El Cen-tro波输入下自下而上桩的加速度时程幅值和峰值放大系数的试验值、计算值均一直有较大幅度增大；0.5g El Centro波输入下，加速度时程幅值的计算值和试验值在桩折断位置之下一直增大、至砂土层与黏土层过渡带则大大减小，加速度峰值放大系数的试验值和计算值在砂土层与黏土层过渡带突变增大、而在地表则明显减小，且较0.15g El Centro波输入下桩的峰值放大系数要偏小。

The indicator element (2) is designed as a waveguide panel, wherein light beams propagate with total reflection and get outcoupled therefrom with a diffractive outcoupling system (2u), such as a grating structure or the like, which is configured as an indicator pattern, for producing an indicator pattern (2a) activable in the indicator element (2) by the action of light, such that divergent recesses and/or grooves of various sizes and/or shapes constitute divergent local gratings of various sizes and/or shapes, such as multi-shaped and/or binary pixels and/or units, the filling factor, shape, profile and/or size thereof being optimized in such a way that the diffraction efficiency is a function of place.

把指示元件(2)设计成波导板，其中光束以全反射方式传播并且从那里通过构造成指示图案的衍射外耦合系统(2u)、如光栅结构等得到外耦合，用于在指示元件(2)中产生可由光作用激活的指示图案(2a)，使得各种尺寸和/或形状的分散的凹口和/或槽纹构成各种尺寸和/或形状的发散的局部光栅、诸如多形状的和/或二元像素和/或单像素的，所述局部光栅的填充系数、形状、轮廓和/或尺寸可以以这样的方式优化，使得衍射效率是位置的函数。

A novel method computing the extended form-factors is given after an extensive examination of existing radiosity, especially the specula radiosity methods.

它可与Z-Buffer硬件加速器或一些可见性预算方法，如BSP方法相结合，大幅度地加快广义形状系数的计算，从而缩短Radiosity场景生成时间。

Testified by some research results and field experiments, it is shown that the model is reasonable and has some advantages, such as strict physical foundation, simple calculation and solution, higher accuracy. So it can be used to decide the reasonable technical indexes of border irrigation.

结合已有文献资料和田间试验对模型进行检验，表明所提出计算下渗水形状系数的简化公式和经验公式是可靠的，以此建立的水流推进简化模型具有严谨的物理基础，且计算求解方便、精度较高，可用于畦灌合理灌水技术指标的确定。

The relationships between surface-water depth and distance from water inlet are fitted by a nonlinear least-square method,and then,based on the principle of water balance a linear regression method is proposed for estimating the soil infiltration parameters of border irrigation.

将畦灌地表水深与离畦首的距离之间的关系按指数函数进行非线性最小二乘拟合，并根据水量平衡原理提出了估算土壤入渗参数的线性回归法，避开了难以定值的地表储水形状系数。

During the first part, investigate the numbers and location of the different nature reserve, and review about its development, discuss the cause about the rapid developmeng about the protection areas of nature around Beijing. During the second part, this paper use the Geographical Information System to analyze the different sight function, plot our distinct function about the protection area of nature around Beijing. In the third part of this paper, the ecology function was special analyzed. This paper picked up several factor about the ecology and establish mathematics model to detect the most rational ecology distribution, bring forward the new constructive, wilder constructive and combination project. In the last parts of the paper, this paper use the Geographical Information System to analyze the different brim about the protection area of nature around Beijing, calculating the p/a and figure coefficient, and bring forward the brim theory for the nature reserve and city system.

在数量布局方面，包括北京周边各个不同级别的保护区的数目、位置分配布局和发展趋势研究，探讨北京市周边自然保护区数目和面积在99年和2000年突然增长的主要原因，以及今后北京自然保护区的发展方向；在景观布局方面，主要根据不同自然保护区的空间和功能的不同，计算延庆县各个自然保护区的景观多样性指数和景观优势度指数，并结合地理信息系统和航片，划分出不同的景观功能区间，以及各个功能区间之间的相互关系；在生态布局方面，综合考察北京周边自然状况，提取多项因子，建立评价模型，计算出各项因子权重，从而对其自然保护区的生态功能布局的合理性进行评价和趋势分析，为本文提出北京市周边自然保护区新建、扩建与合并的方案提供依据；在边缘布局方面，利用边缘效应理论和研究方法，创新提出&边缘类型样块分析法&，提取多个样方并结合地理信息系统，计算p/a比和自然保护区边缘的形状系数，划出自然保护区边缘效应趋势变化图，考察北京周边自然保护区的边缘效应，以及对城市的生态边缘功能。

The complexity of elastic characteristics are influenced by rubber component shape factor, the variety of static-dynamic ratio, and the damping of the rubber component leads to the difficulties of rubber FEA in engineering applications.

橡胶元件的形状系数对其外在弹性特性影响的复杂性、动-静刚度比的多样性及黏弹性阻尼特性是其工程应用方面的难点。

Q value is a shape factor to indicate the degree of steepness of the flattest meridians on corneal surface.

Q值是表示角膜最平坦子午线角膜变陡或变平的程度表面形状系数。

Radial distribution of burden is determined by the position of particle landing during charging in blast furnace.

在实际装料时，不同密度、粒径及形状系数的颗粒在料面上的落点也各不相同。

Considering the effects of saturation, pole shape, some important coefficients including the effective pole-arc coefficient, the leakage coefficient, the air-gap coefficient are analyzed by electromagnetic method, and a series of useful curves are given.

考虑磁路饱和、磁极形状等因素的影响，利用电磁场数值解法对电磁计算中的有关系数，包括漏磁系数、计算极弧系数、气隙系数等进行了分析研究，给出了工程实用的曲线。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了