形状

We find the most contributions of form factors come fromΨπ,K andΨB, but the contributions ofΨσfrom the pion and the kaon meson, the contribution ofΔfrom B meson are very small, and can be neglected in most of the calculations.

结果发现π、K介子波函数中的Ψπ，K，B介子波函数中的ΨB对形状因子的贡献最大，而π、K介子波函数中的Ψσ，B介子波函数中的Δ对形状因子的影响很小，可以忽略。

The study also investigates two types of planform modifications: 1. tapered vanes; 2. forward-swept and aft-swept vanes. The results show that with the same surface areas, forward-swept vanes and tapered vanes with constant height and larger length are able to improve the function on sediment control.

本研究同时探讨板顶束缩及板顶前后倾两种板形的改变，结果显示在固定面积的情况下，板高固定与板长改变的板顶束缩及板顶前倾两种形状的改变可增进潜板的效能，在决定潜板形状时，可参照二者的变化加以评估。

First, normalized polar coordinate translation is carried out in the shape region with an origin at the middle of the region and a polar axis of the longest region orientation axis. Then, interval operations are defined between inner point intervals of the region at the same orientation.

该算法首先以形状区域的中心点为极点，区域的最长轴方向为极轴，对形状区域进行归一化的极坐标变换；然后定义了同一角度对应的区域内点区间之间的运算；最后定义了两个区域归一化极坐标变换结果在区间运算下的相似度函数，用以表征两个区域之间的匹配度。

One of Mr Ball's heroes is Sir D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson, a Scottish biologist and polymath, who in 1917 wrote "On Growth and Form". This mammoth and erudite tome, the first formal attempt to analyse patterns and shapes in nature, was described by a colleague, Sir Peter Medawar, as "the finest work of literature in all the annals of science that have been recorded in the English tongue."

鲍尔心目中的英雄之一是苏格兰的生物学家和博物学家达西·温特沃斯·汤普森，他在1917年写了一本包罗万象的大部头——《关于生长和形状》，这是有史以来第一次正式地尝试分析自然界中的图案和形状，这本书被他的同行彼得·梅达沃称作"用英语写作的所有科学年鉴中最好的一部"。

The AF3 scheme has been used in the adjoint solution for potential flow.

在设计问题中，需要定义的形状函数能够表达一个丰富的设计空间，文中比较了分别使用Hicks-Henne函数和B-样条作为形状函数时，设计过程的不同。

In chapter 4,we discuss the size and shape of the point set 〓 in 〓.Acalculation formula of Procrustes shape distance is given.

第四章介绍〓中点集〓的形状和容量，给出了形状之间的Procrustes距离的计算公式。

The general equation of heat transfer in the stationary state is solved for four special forms of bodies, namely, plane, circular cylinder, sphere, and prolate spheroid.

接着详细研究了在稳定的情形下普遍传热方程在四种特殊形状的物体中的解，这四种特殊形状是，平面、圆柱体、球体、和长椭球。

It is shown that Mn and Ti had refined the microstructure,and formed to precipitation affluent of Mn or Ti ,which approved the performance of the Shape Memory Alloy.For a certain strain,the shape memory effect vayied functionly together with the aging time:alloy performance the best coorperative status that the martensite lathing was close and ordered,the precipitation rich of Mn and Ti dispersed orderly in the microstructure and little or even no eutectoid phase had precipited in the alloy ,in a special aging temperature and time. With the prolonger of the aging time,the different aging time affects the microstructure rulely.

结果表明：Cu-Al-X系形状记忆合金中，Mn和Ti的加入细化了组织，并且形成了富Mn和富Ti相，起到沉淀强化和弥散强化的作用；对于同一种变形量，合金在母相时效时，形状记忆效应随时效保温时间呈现规律性变化，不同时效温度下，合金对应一个不同的时效时间，此时合金的显微组织呈现最佳自协作状态，马氏体板条细密有序，富Ti和Al相均匀的弥散在组织中，合金中没有或很少有共析相出现，且随着时效时间的延长，在不同的特定温度下，Cu-24Al-3Mn-2Ti合金的组织会有规律性的变化。

It is shown that Mn and Ti had refined the microstructure, and formed to precipitation affluent of Mn or Ti, which approved the performance of the shape memory alloy. For a certain strain, the shape memory effect varyied functionly together with the aging time: alloy performance the best coorperative status that the martensite lathing was close and ordered, the precipitation rich of Mn and Ti dispersed orderly in the microstructure and little or even no eutectoid phase had precipited in the alloy, in a special aging temperature and time. With the prolonger of the aging time, the different aging time affects the microstructure rulely.

结果表明：Cu-Al-X系形状记忆合金中，Mn和Ti的加入细化了组织，并且形成了富Mn和富Ti相，起到沉淀强化和弥散强化的作用；对于同一种变形量，合金在母相时效时，形状记忆效应随时效保温时间呈现规律性变化，不同时效温度下，合金对应一个不同的时效时间，此时合金的显微组织呈现最佳自协作状态，马氏体板条细密有序，富Ti和Al相均匀的弥散在组织中，合金中没有或很少有共析相出现，且随着时效时间的延长，在不同的特定温度下，Cu-24Al-3Mn-2Ti合金的组织会有规律性的变化。

The form factors have a noticeable inward and upward shift with an increasing proton number, especially when the outmost protons occupy the 2s(subscript 1/2) state.

随着质子数的增加，电荷形状因子有一个明显的上移和内移，尤其是当最外层质子占据2s(下标 1/2)态时，外层质子的分布对电荷形状因子的影响尤为明显。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。