形态形成

Those architecture forms are various and dynamic, which is a strong contrast to the steady and still form of traditional architecture.

这些形态所具有的形式上的不确定性以及强烈的动态特征与传统建筑稳定、静止的形态特征形成了鲜明的对比。

Particular configurations on bedding planes and on the surface perpendicular to the bedding planes lead to different explanations for the genesis of these silty dykes:(1) they are considered as the oldest trace fossils of metazoan according to the spindle-crack of siltstones on the bedding plane and the sand-filling tube configurations on the surface perpendicular to the bedding plane;(2) they are considered as the liquefied sand-veins induced by earthquake according to the sinuous configuration of siltstone dykes on the surface perpendicular to the bedding plane and the obvious liquation feature.

由于该粉砂岩岩墙在层面上和层内具有特别的形态，因而对其成因具有多种解释：在层面上呈纺锤状粉砂岩裂缝以及在层内呈砂质充填管形态，从而被认为是最古老的后生动物遗迹化石；在层内呈弯弯曲曲的粉砂岩岩墙以及明显的流体化作用特点，所以又被解释为地震振荡作用形成的液化砂岩脉。

Seed explants of Eleutherococcus senticosus produced somatic embryos directly ongrowth regulator-free medium. The results were showed that use low temperature stressmethod to relieve the Eleutherococcus senticosus seed conformation dormancy andphysiological dormancy, to induce seed germinate. Proliferation of Eleutherococcus senticosussomatic embryo without any plant growth regulathors was better in liquid medium containing1/3MS+sucrose 3%, and better in solid medium containing 1/3MS+sucrose 1%.Eleutherococcus senticosus secondary embryo was stick to matrix through espial of cytology.Eleutherococcus senticosus somatic embryo was cultivated some times to form immature frondin liquid medium, then transfer into solid medium to form full plant. The experiment wasindicated that much more Eleutherococcus senticosus immature frond can be cultured inbioreactor, so large-scale production in bioreactor culture can be done.

研究结果表明：低温胁迫处理刺五加种子可以打破种子的形态休眠和生理休眠，促使种子发芽：在不添加任何植物激素的培养基中诱导刺五加体胚形成，其中，1／3MS+3％蔗糖的培养基搭配有利于液体培养的刺五加体胚增值，1／3MS+1.0％蔗糖的培养基搭配有利于固体培养的刺五加体胚增值；在进行体细胞胚增殖时，体细胞胚继代三周后表面开始形成很多次生胚，对刺五加次生胚进行细胞学观察，发现刺五加次生胚与母体只是粘贴在一起；刺五加体胚需在液体培养基中培养一段时间形成幼植物体，实验表明可以通过生物反应器培养大量的刺五加幼植物体，然后转入固体培养基中形成完整植株，因此可以通过生物反应器培养进行规模化生产。

Because of the gradually advancing, the traditional Wushus cultural system took shape in the activity in traditional Wushu culture and education, makes its education pass the characteristic with advancing gradually of forming of the activity content on, have formed its basic shape of regarding passing on in the clan , schism and sectionalize

在传统武术文化教育传承活动中，由于传统武术文化体系形成的渐进性，使其教育传承活动内容的形成具备了渐进性的特征，并形成了以宗族、宗派和门户性教育传承为其基本形态，以师徒传承为其基本传承方式，以武德教育为其传承核心，以武术私学教育为其主体教学活动的一系列特征。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

The expression changes of relating-apoptosis gene proteins (bcl-2, bax) were detected by immunohistochemistry before and after treating with the Agaricus Blazei Murill extract to explore the possible mechanisms of inducing apoptosis for MGC-803 cells in vitro. Results: The Agaricus Blazei Murill extract significantly inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro and the inhibitive effects were depended on the medicine concentration and treating times. After treating 24 hours on the gastric cancer cells with the morphologic changes of apoptosis with chromatin margination, karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis were found by the light.

结果：(1)通过细胞培养和MTT法，表明长白山姬松茸在体外对MGC-803细胞株有明显的抑制作用，加药组与对照组相比其生长抑制率有显著性差异(P＜0.01)，而且这种抑制作用呈现浓度和时间的依赖性；(2)通过集落形成率的测定结果表明，加药组与对照组相比其集落形成率和集落形成抑制率有明显差异(P＜0.01)，说明长白山姬松茸对MGC-803胃癌细胞株有明显抗增殖作用；(3)光镜观察结果表明，加药组可见细胞脱水浓缩伊红染色增强，胞体缩小，内含高度浓缩的胞核呈深蓝色等典型细胞凋亡形态；经AO／EB荧光染色观察结果表明，当终浓度为1.0mg／ml的姬松茸提取物作用于MGC-803胃癌细胞24h后，其凋亡率和破膜率与自然凋亡率与破膜率相比，均有显著性差异，其凋亡率86.3％(P＜0.001)，破膜率为41.6％(P＜0.01)，说明姬松茸确实有诱导MGC-803胃癌细胞凋亡的作用，同时也有细胞毒作用，但以诱导细胞凋亡为主；(4)免疫组化结果表明，用药前后凋亡相关基因的BCl-2、Bax蛋白均有显著性的改变(P＜0.001)。

By analyzing the factors that have impacts on spatial morphology and landscape pattern,this paper points out that it is the approach to realize the sustainable development of town spatial morphology of the completeness of ecological landscape,the successiveness of the spatial development,the organic nature of spatial elements and the human virtue of spatial morphology.

通过对空间形态和景观格局形成的影响因素分析，提出了小城镇生态景观的完整性、空间生长的连续性、空间要素的有机性与空间形态的人文性是实现小城镇空间形态可持续发展的方法和途径。

The ciliates were always ideal materials in the studies of the structure and function of cytoskeleton and its cell control and adjustment, for they have many kinds of cytoskeletons with complexity and they could be easily cultured and handled.

由于原生动物纤毛虫具有多种复杂的细胞骨架结构，加之其材料培养和处理的优点，一直被作为研究细胞骨架结构与功能及其细胞调控的理想材料。20世纪80年代初，许多学者应用蛋白银染色方法和超微结构方法，显示了纤毛虫细胞皮层中以纤毛基体作为主成分的骨架结构，探讨了纤毛虫皮层纤毛器的形态、形态发生及其结构形成机理，在国内外原生动物细胞学领域成为主流。20世纪90年代起，先后应用非离子去垢剂处理和扫描电镜相结合的方法、稳定保存微管结构的透射电镜术，微管蛋白的抗体标记及其免疫荧光技术及相关的生化与分子生物学等方法显示纤毛虫的微管胞器及其微管蛋白组分，探索微管胞器的形态、功能及其微管装配机理，积累了较多的资料，取得了重要的进展。

On the termination date, the cultured explants were all examined by Western blot, HE and transmission electron microscope. Our results showed that after 12-days in culture, the cultivation treated with AS-ODN reduced the synthesis of AMBN and had a deformed dental cusp with thinner enamel matrix. Ultrastructure analyses showed that there was hardly any cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the ameloblasts at the tip of the cusp of AS-ODN treatedexplants. However, on average the enamel matrix was thinner compared with that in the control group. Furthermore, the collagen fibers in extracellular matrix were found disorganized. These findings seemed to provide a direct experimental evidence that tended to indicate that the arrested AMBN translation in cultured tooth germs might result in the delay of the tooth development.

经用Western蛋白印迹检测表明，所设计的反义核酸对AMBN InRNA具有良好的封闭效果并成功阻断了牙胚对AMBN的表达；在缺乏AMBN情况下，与对照组相比，实验组牙胚在体外可以继续生长发育至钟状晚期，出现成釉细胞和成牙本质细胞的分化，成釉细胞可以分化成为分泌期型成釉细胞，胞浆中缺少合成蛋白质所必需的粗面内质网和高尔基氏体，缺乏溶酶体，表明对蛋白合成和脚的能力降低；实验组牙胚有牙尖形成和基质分泌，但牙尖形态异常，基质形成减少，牙尖周围基质最厚处为O.6卜m，明显薄于对照组的5.spin，基质中胶原纤维粗细不等，排列稀疏， 3 第四军医大学硕士学位论文未见钙化现象，充分证明了AMBN在牙胚发育中参与釉质基质形成和矿化过程，影响胶原纤维和牙本质基质的合成，促进成釉细胞对蛋白质的合成和釉质基质蛋白降解。

The Transitory Aspect expresses short-termed dynamic event with an emphasis on the momeentariness of event. Such sentences are often used for expressing future events and their formal markers are verbal overlappings.

作为一个语法范畴，体需要有其特定的形态来标示其特定的内容，现代汉语的体形态是实词在历史演化过程中意义逐渐虚化而形成的，有些体形态仍保留着一定的词义。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。