形态发生的

The salty gland of Messerschmidia sibirica is developed from epidermic cell of stem and leaf.

利用石蜡切片法研究了砂引草茎叶的解剖结构，尤其是对泌盐腺的位置、泌盐腺的形态结构及泌盐腺的发生发育过程进行了系统的研究，结果表明：砂引草茎的初生结构维管束是外韧的，且其有10-12束，大小不等，髓和髓射线发达；叶的上下表皮细胞各一层，栅栏组织与海绵组织分化明显。

Paraffin sectioning was employed to study the developmental structure of stems and leaves of Messerschinidia sibirica, especially the position, the structure and the formation and development of the salty gland. The result indicated: that salty gland of M. sibirica is from epidermic cell of stem and leaf. Based on the observation we found one primary kind of salty glands structure which consists of many cells on the epidermis including the collecting cell and the secretory cell and so on.

利用石蜡切片法研究了砂引草茎叶的解剖结构，尤其是对泌盐腺的位置、泌盐腺的形态结构及泌盐腺的发生发育过程进行了系统的研究，结果表明：砂引草的盐腺由茎叶的表皮细胞发育而成，通过观察发现在砂引草的表皮上存在着一种主要的盐腺结构，它是由多个细胞组成，包括收集细胞和分泌细胞等。

By the two steps, distract and correct the knee flexion at 0 degree to form knee joint with caput fibulae and lower femur and to fit the lower limb brace which can stahilize the knee joint after the llizarov apparatus is disassembled.

结论膝关节牵伸技术，可有效的矫正先天性胫骨缺如伴发的屈膝畸形，安装带膝关节铰链的牵伸器，可将腓骨头与股骨下端控制于中直位，在长期生理性行走应力的刺激下，腓骨发生了胫骨样的变化，可发育成具有类似膝关节形态的结构，整个患肢由于正常的行走使用而得到良好发育。

A cDNA segment was isolated from M. meretrix larvae. The results of caspase in situ detection in larval developmental stages revealed that there were activated caspase from L1 to L3, indicating caspase is involved in the whole developmental process. The main apoptosis area was found in velum at L3 before metamorphosis, indicating the degradation of velum might be the process of apoptosis. The larvae before metamorphosis were treated by caspase specific inhibitor to analyze the role of caspase in this process. The results indicated that caspase have function metamorphosis.

根据caspase在不同物种中的保守区域设计简并引物，在文蛤幼虫中扩增到cDNA序列片段；检测有活性的caspase在文蛤幼虫各发育时期的分布部位，发现其在L1至L3期幼虫中都有分布，说明整个幼虫形态变化过程中都有caspase的参与；细胞凋亡检测结果显示，幼虫主要发生细胞凋亡的部位在L3期幼虫的面盘，即变态过程中要退化的器官，说明细胞凋亡可能是文蛤幼虫变态过程中面盘退化的主要机制；用caspase特异性抑制剂处理变态前幼虫，发现幼虫变态率下降，初步验证了caspase在文蛤幼虫变态过程中的作用。

Results showed sTGC-CM, which is similar with the effect of hTGC-CM, was able to induce human DPSCs to make odontoblastic changes as indicated by remarkable morphological changes, increased proliferation ability, higher multipotential and colony forming capability, and expression of some odontogenic markers in gene and protein levels,such as DSP, DSPP, DMP1, BSP, OCN, OPN.

结果表明：人牙髓干细胞经过一定时间的猪牙胚条件培养基诱导后，能在细胞形态上和细胞周期上发生改变，能具有更高的克隆形成能力和多向分化能力，能维持更好的干细胞特性，具有更强的增殖能力，表达更高水平的碱性磷酸酶，免疫组化和RT-PCR提示诱导后的牙髓干细胞能在蛋白水平和基因水平表达出一些牙向分化的标志，如DSP、DSPP、DMP1、BSP、OCN、OPN等。

This further indicated that when the acetic acid compound existed it could slow the growth rate of the particles of polysilicic acid, but total species distribution and its transformation model of polysilicic acid did not change.

乙酸化合物的存在，能够有效减缓硅酸溶液中聚硅酸颗粒物的生长速度，但聚硅酸的总体形态分布与转化规律的模式并没有因为乙酸的存在而发生根本的改变。

Additionally XBP1 mRNA which functioned as centrally regulating molecule during ER stress was spliced partially,while it was completely spliced in positive control cells and unspliced in H7721.These results gave the proof that blocking expression of GnT-V caused H7721"s ER stress and response was more weak than that caused by DTT. It may be the chronic process.Additionally,previous studies reported that the ds-RNA may activate the kinase PKR which phosphorylated eIF2 α and inhibited synthesis of proteins.In this paper the antisense cDNA of GnT-V was integrated with GnT-V-AS/H7721"s gene and functioned through the binding of antisense RNA and mRNA of GnT-V.Additionally,the integration of GnT-V cDNA in genome also may be a non-specific factor.

对这三种ER stress关键分子的检测发现：和阴性细胞相比较，实验细胞中BIP的表达无论是蛋白水平还是转录水平都有明显的上调，但上调程度都要低于DTT处理的ER stress阳性细胞；XBP-1 mRNA在实验细胞中部分被剪接，在阳性细胞中XBP-1 mRNA完全被剪接，而在阴性细胞中其以非剪接形态存在；此外和DTT处理的ER stress阳性细胞相似，实验细胞中的PERK发生磷酸化，表明ER stress过程中通过磷酸化eIF2α抑制蛋白合成机制的活化，这和芯片所检测到的GnT-V-AS／H7721细胞蛋白合成系统水平下调相一致。

These ideographs are older than the cuneiform scripts of Mesopotamia, Persia, ancient Egypt, or the Mayas, and even inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of China's Shang Dynasty. They are of great academic value to the study of the development of writing, especially the process from primitive picture writing to pictograph writing and the earliest emergence of Chinese characters.

东巴象形文是一种从从图画字向象形字过渡的文字，这种文字的形态比苏美尔和巴比伦的楔形文字，古埃及的圣书文字、中美洲马雅文字和甲骨文更原始，它对人类原始图画文字如何演进到象形文字，和甲骨文之前汉字发生演变的研究都具有十分重要的学术价值。

Cell wall-related protein genes,adenine and amino acid metabolism-related genes and CKⅡgenes were behaved high expression level during the development and mature of somatic embryos.The high expression level of the post-translation modification genes,such as SERK gene,was considered as a sign that proteins interacted complexly.It was proved that the development and maturity of somatic embryos was complex as the start-up and morphogenesis of somatic embryos.

体细胞胚胎发育与成熟要求较高水平的细胞壁相关蛋白基因、腺嘌呤与氨基酸代谢相关基因与CKⅡ基因；以SERK为代表的翻译后修饰基因在体细胞胚发育阶段的高表达被认为是复杂的蛋白质相互作用的标志，证明了体细胞胚的发育和成熟与起始发生和形态建成一样是相当复杂的。

The results indicated that the accumulation of Mn in the cell wall (accumulation rate as high as 36.34%) and the vacuole of the leaves (accumulation rate as high as 65.64%) might be one of the mechanisms of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper to Mn. Most Mn in leaves were the speciation of H2O-solubility organic salts or manganese oxalates. The content of chlorophyll a did not change under different Mn concentration treatments except that its content decreased remarkably when Mn concentration was 8000μmol/L in solutions. The membranes were not banned by Mn when its concentration was less than 5000μmol/L in solutions; Under different Mn concentrations of Mn, the content of their soluble proteins of leaves had changed at some stage. The activity of SOD and POD were gradually improved with the increasing of Mn concentration, which could eliminate activated oxygen free radical, This might be the other physiological mechanism of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper responding to Mn.

结果表明：锰在水蓼叶片非活性代谢部分的积累是其解毒耐锰的主要机制之一；水蓼叶片中的锰大部分以水溶性有机盐或草酸锰的形态存在；在锰浓度处理为8000μmol/L时，叶绿素a含量显著降低，而在其它处理条件下，叶绿素a无明显变化；在锰处理≤5000μmol/L时水蓼叶片的细胞膜还没有受到明显伤害；水蓼叶片的可溶性蛋白含量随锰处理浓度不同而变化，说明植物在代谢和结构上发生了调整；随锰处理浓度的增加，水蓼叶片SOD和POD活性提高，保护酶活性的提高又可清除活性氧自由基，这是水蓼耐高锰和累积锰的一种生理响应机制。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。