形式模型

Based on the traffic model of a single node and on the system stability criterion, it is shown that the PD controller can regulate the source rate on the basis of the knowledge of buffer occupancy of the destination node in such a manner that the congestion-controlled network is asymptotically stable without oscillation in terms of the buffer occupancy of the destination node.

在单个节点的交通流的模型基础上，运用控制理论中系统稳定性分析方法，讨论如何利用信终端节点缓冲占有量的比例加微分的反馈形式来调节信源节点的能控交通流的输入速率，从而使被控网络节点的缓冲占有量趋于稳定。

MDM III is a two week block in spring of the second year, has a format similar to MDM II, and deals with advanced concepts in test use, the practice of evidence-based medicine, decision modeling including cost-effectiveness, additional study designs and critique, decision psychology related to both the patient and the physician, and computer decision aids.

第三阶段的MDM是第二年春季两周一节，形式同前，检查应用的前沿概念、循证医学实践、决策模型包括成本效益、附加研究设计和评价、患者和医生相关的决策心理学、计算机决策帮助。

The B3LYP/6-31+G level of theory and the polarizable continuum model are employed to study the binding interactions between amidinium and tetrazolate anion which have two binding modes (side-on and end-on) as well as the binding interaction between amidinium and formate anion. We find, in the gas phase, that the end-on acetamidinium tetrazolate is more stable with its interaction energy 3.56 kJ/mol higher than that of the side-on.

采用密度泛函B3LYP/6-31+G 方法和自洽反应场极化连续模型研究四唑负离子与脒类正离子形成的两种形式的复合物及甲酸根负离子与脒类正离子形成的复合物在气相和二甲亚砜溶剂中的稳定性。

The development of the service industry including the disabled elderly, frail elders needs to be organized, social-oriented, industry-oriented mode, for this destination we should study large amounts of data, design a large number of models, carry out pilot projects, accumulate all kinds of the forms of the pension unit and pension resource, in order to give the human power and the knowledge content to the elderly pension industry, setting up the pension service system with Chinese characteristics in a short time.

包括失能老人、重度残疾失能老人服务业在内的老人服务产业的发展，需要组织化、社会化、产业化的生产方式，要研究大量的数据、设计大量的模型，开展试点，积累经验，整合各类各种形式的养老单位和养老资源，将中国的养老服务产业赋予真正的人本力量和知识内涵，以尽快在短期内确立起有中国特色的养老服务体系。

When detecting the edge, an auto-choose threshold algorithm is given to reduce the salt-and-pepper or pulse wrong edges. After analyzing the special noise factor in pin's image, this paper improves the edge detection elements. That's putting forward a way which is named"the method of de-noise based on linear weighted operator template"to reduce the zonal or cluster noise. And test show that the algorithms detect image's edge rightly.

针对钻针图像的特点，在边缘检测中提出了自动选择阈值的算法；之后针对钻针图像中的特殊噪声形式，对边缘检测算法进行了原理上的改进，通过对图像的灰度分布的数学模型的建立，提出了使用加权直线模板去噪法进行块状噪声的去除；通过上述算法的应用，良好地改善了图像处理的质量。

The cycle process of steam-water in drum, downcomer and water wall were simplified reasonably, according to the law of mass conservation and the law of energy conservation, the differential equation model of drum water level dynamic was constructed.

对汽包、下降管、水冷壁内汽水工质循环过程进行合理简化，依据物质及能量守恒定律，建立以微分方程形式描述的汽包水位动态模型。

The dynamic responses of caisson breakwaters under breaking wave impact are studied, a dynamic analysis model with a mass-damper-spring system is founded and a numerical analysis method is developed to simulate the four types of possible motions of caisson breakwaters.

对近破波作用下沉箱式防波堤的动力响应进行研究，建立了质量—弹簧—阻尼器的动力分析模型和沉箱式防波堤四种可能运动形式的数值模拟方法； 2。

To analyze temperature rise influence by power plant thermal effluent, a 2-D hydrodynamic and thermal diffusional mathematical model was established based on previous work and with river regime-fitted computational meshes.

为了研究电厂温排水对其受纳水体环境温升影响，在已有工作的基础上，建立了基于河势贴体计算网格形式的平面二维水动力及热扩散数学模型。

Finally, it is important to better understand how the established models of design and development can be effectively applied or modified to meet the everchanging socioeconomic conditions and environments; for example, there is renewed interest in the use of games for education and training, and researchers are examining how podcasts and blogs might enhance the educational experience.

最后，还有很重要的一点就是要更好地理解已有的设计开发模型如何得到有效应用或者怎样修改来适应变化的社会经济形式和环境；例如，最近人们对教育游戏和培训游戏重新开始感兴趣，研究者也在研究播客和博客对学习有何作用。

The basic concept and theory are introduced. The ordinary model and PSF expression of imaging system are depicted.

介绍了图像复原的基本概念和理论，给出了成像系统的基本模型形式，以及点扩展函数的常见表达式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。