形式化

Firstly, the basic concept and convention about formalized stand language LOTOS is introduced, and, the language was improved and extended by adding discrete time domain and time operator to confirm its syntax and semantics rules. Then, a special multimedia synchronization system and implement algorithm is proposed by anatomizing multimedia synchronization problems in distributed environment.

本文首先论述了形式化规范语言LOTOS的基本概念与约定，对其进行了基于时间的改进和扩充，引入了离散时间域和时间操作算子，然后确定其相应的语法定义和语义规则，通过仔细分析分布式环境下的多媒体同步问题，基于时间扩充的LOTOS，给出了一种特殊的多媒体同步系统以及具体的算法描述。

After introducing the concepts of M-mapping, conform mapping and output mapping, auto update prototype theorem is justified and the whole process of auto update is formalized.

在引入了M映射，整合映射和输出映射等概念后，本文证明了自动更新原型定理，形式化了自动更新的全过程。

The paper is concerned with the ambiguity of the formalization of reasoning and the origin of the paradox of material implication.

所谓逻辑的形式化就是对概念、命题、推理给以数学化，它是构建现代逻辑系统普遍采用的方法。

Then, using the reasoning matrix between the unit colors and individual colors of the polychromatic sets, the reasoning and generation of geometric tolerance types are achieved.

介绍了各层的意义和各层之间的关系，利用多色集合理论对该模型进行描述，通过多色集合统一颜色和个人颜色的推理关系矩阵，实现了计算机辅助形位公差类型的推理生成，为计算机辅助形位公差类型推理的进一步形式化打下了基础。

Logical empiricist discuss this problem on the basis of rationality, but they think that rationality may boil down to modal and truth may be equal to reason, they make truth become the shadow of a shade.

逻辑经验主义主要在理性的基础上讨论科学进步问题，他们把理性形式化，把真理等同为理由，从而使真理成为虚幻。

The security of PKI system itself is especially emphasized during the system design and implementation process, which is in accordance with the pervasive characteristic of PKI. Second, the concept of a Trusted Key Management Center is introduced for the first time. This technology greatly strengthens key management practices and allows for smooth transition from PKI to Key Management Infrastructure. Third, certificate status mechanisms are investigated in depth, and a certificate revocation performance simulation system is devised. All these work will provide guides to practice and employment of PKI applications. Based on time constraints, a new taxonomy for authenticated dictionaries is proposed. Fourth, formal analysis ofOCSP protocol is carried out; then an efficient and scalable OCSP system is developed. Fifth, the special requirements caused by the working environments of Wireless PKI are analyzed. Based on communicative hashing and dynamic Merkle hash tree, an efficient certificate status validation method suitable for WPKI is presented. Sixth, one important kind of fair exchange protocols is studied, and a new CEMBS based on RSA cryptosystem is proposed. Afterwards, a novel fair exchange protocol totally based on RSA signature scheme is devised.

在系统设计和实现的过程中，考虑到PKI作为普适性安全基础平台的特点，特别强调PKI系统自身的安全性；第二，首次在PKI系统的设计中提出了"可信密钥管理中心"的概念，这一独特设计大大地强化了密钥管理功能的实施，为PKI向密钥管理基础设施的平滑过渡提供了良好的技术准备；第三，对证书状态验证机制进行了深入研究，设计了证书状态模拟系统，以指导PKI系统和应用的部署和实施；在此基础上，基于时间约束首次给出了认证字典的一种新的分类方法；第四，对OCSP协议进行了形式化分析，设计和实现了一种高效、可扩展的OCSP系统；第五，分析了WPKI工作环境对设计安全基础平台提出的特殊要求，结合无线移动设备的具体特点，基于可交换杂凑函数和动态Merkle杂凑树设计出了一种适用于WPKI环境的高效证书状态查询机制；第六，对一类公平交换协议进行了深入的研究，从设计公平交换协议的密码基础结构出发，提出了一种新型的基于RSA密码体制的高效CEMBS；在此工作的基础上，设计了一种基于RSA密码体制的最优化公平交换协议。

The security of PKI system itself is especially emphasized during the system design and implementation process, which is in accordance with the pervasive characteristic of PKI. Second, the concept of a Trusted Key Management Center is introduced for the first time. This technology greatly strengthens key management practices and allows for smooth transition from PKI to Key Management Infrastructure . Third, certificate status mechanisms are investigated in depth, and a certificate revocation performance simulation system is devised. All these work will provide guides to practice and employment of PKI applications. Based on time constraints, a new taxonomy for authenticated dictionaries is proposed. Fourth, formal analysis of OCSP protocol is carried out; then an efficient and scalable OCSP system is developed. Fifth, the special requirements caused by the working environments of Wireless PKI are analyzed. Based on communicative hashing and dynamic Merkle hash tree, an efficient certificate status validation method suitable for WPKI is presented. Sixth, one important kind of fair exchange protocols is studied, and a new CEMBS based on RSA cryptosystem is proposed. Afterwards, a novel fair exchange protocol totally based on RSA signature scheme is devised.

在系统设计和实现的过程中，考虑到PKI作为普适性安全基础平台的特点，特别强调PKI系统自身的安全性；第二，首次在PKI系统的设计中提出了"可信密钥管理中心"的概念，这一独特设计大大地强化了密钥管理功能的实施，为PKI向密钥管理基础设施的平滑过渡提供了良好的技术准备；第三，对证书状态验证机制进行了深入研究，设计了证书状态模拟系统，以指导PKI系统和应用的部署和实施；在此基础上，基于时间约束首次给出了认证字典的一种新的分类方法；第四，对OCSP协议进行了形式化分析，设计和实现了一种高效、可扩展的OCSP系统；第五，分析了WPKI工作环境对设计安全基础平台提出的特殊要求，结合无线移动设备的具体特点，基于可交换杂凑函数和动态Merkle杂凑树设计出了一种适用于WPKI环境的高效证书状态查询机制；第六，对一类公平交换协议进行了深入的研究，从设计公平交换协议的密码基础结构出发，提出了一种新型的基于RSA密码体制的高效CEMBS；在此工作的基础上，设计了一种基于RSA密码体制的最优化公平交换协议。

Firstly, we formalize message flow of a single web service; then give a model for asynchronous composition of web services.

形式化的描述Web服务的操作流程，并建立异步通信的Web服务合成的交互模型。

As for RESC, the congruence CG as a primitive spatial relation is added and two new functions acting on region, Region Extension and Region Shrinking are introduced, consequently a formalized metrization method that takes region as a basic unit is put forward.

RESC增加了一个全等CG的原始空间关系，引入了两个新颖的对区域的演算函数，即区域延伸和区域收缩，从而给出了一种以区域为单位的形式化的度量方法。

The Study in Basic Principles (1) the study of the basic characteristics about mill design;(2) the study of the general decision—making program in mill design;(3) the study of the structure principle of mill design expert system;(4) the study of the disintegrating mode and solving methods for complex problems;(5) the study of the formalization expression system for layout picture;(6) the study of the design principle for layout design intelligent CAD system.

本文以破碎厂房设计专家系统的研究为突破口，进行了下述开拓性的研究工作。 1。基本原理方面的研究（1）选矿厂设计基本特征的研究；（2）选矿厂设计一般决策程序的研究；（3）选矿厂设计专家系统的结构原理的研究；（4）复杂问题的分解模式和求解方法的研究；（5）配置图的形式化表达体系的研究；（6）配置设计智能CAD系统的设计原理的研究。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。