形式主义的

The recrudescence of Averroism in the schools, the excessive cultivation of formalism and subtlety, the growth of artificial and even barbarous terminology, and the neglect of the study of nature and of history contributed to the same result.

该复发的averroism ，在学校，过度的培养，形式主义和微妙，增长人工，甚至野蛮的术语，忽视了研究的性质和历史贡献，同样的结果。

The relevant theories were information theory, categorical grammar, transformational-generative grammar, dependency grammar, and stratificational grammar in the 1950s and 1960s; artificial intelligence, non-linguistic knowledge bases, formalisms such as lexical-functional grammar, generalized phrase structure grammar, head-driven phrase structure grammar, definite clause grammar, priciples and parameters, Montague semantics in the 1970s and 1980s, neural networks, connectionism, parallel processing , and statistical methods and others in the 1990s.

与之相关的理论有：20世纪50年代和60年代的信息理论，范畴语法，转换生成语法，从属语法，和层次语法；70年代和80年代的人工智能，非语言知识基础，诸如词汇功能语法，广义短语结构语法，中心词驱动短语结构语法，有定从句语法，原则和参数，70年代和80年代的蒙太古语法等这些形式主义；90年代的神经系统网络，连接注意，平行处理，和统计学方法以及其他理论。

With the multiplication of universities between the 14th and 16th centuries came a decline in the standard of teaching and the caliber of teachers, and a "logicism" or formalism of thought that aroused the animosity of a new humanism that arose mainly outside university circles.

与乘法大学之间的第十四和第十六数百年来的跌幅在教学水平和高素质的教师，和"逻辑"或形式主义认为引起的敌意一个新的人文精神出现，主要是大学以外的各界人士。

Following after the new century, Liu Hui cast off the experimental photography for making the paintings through light,changed his transferential impulse into abstract one, returned to the easel painting, substituted brush for knife, and even went against the wind by the help of the formalist wings, ran away from the jail of hearts locked up by uproar.

作为边缘艺术家，疏离的立场是获得自由的必要前提，在进入新世纪之后，刘辉从以光作画的实验摄影摆脱出来，也就是从移情冲动向抽象冲动摆渡，回到架上，以刀代笔，进一步借助形式主义翅膀，逆风而行，逃逸&尘嚣敷锁&的&心狱世界&。

The latter might be separated out as the focus of Craft theories of Art, as in the idea of Art as "Techne" in ancient Greece, but Formalist theories commonly focus on all of these qualities, and "aesthetes" generally find them all of central concern.

后面这些说法或许可以划分出来，成为关于艺术的工艺论的焦点，这和古希腊把艺术看作&手艺&的看法相似；但是，形式主义理论集中于全部这些品质，&审美家&普遍认为那些品质全是些重要的问题。

Individuals with higher education are fewer formalists, and accordingly defer to rules less and break more.

随着教育程度的升高，个体的形式主义倾向降低，从而遵守规则的行为减少，违反规则的可能性增大。

"Formalists believed mathematics to be the manipulation of configurations of symbols according to prescribed rules, a "game" independent of any physical interpretation of the symbols."

形式主义相信数学是按照预先规定好的规则来操纵一些符号的配置，是与这些符号的任何物理解释无关的一种「游戏

"Formalists believed mathematics to be the manipulation of configurations of symbols according to prescribe d rules, a "game" independent of any physical interpretation of the symbols."

形式主义相信数学是按照预先规定好的规则来操纵一些符号的配置，是与这些符号的任何物理解释无关的一种「游戏

Hisresearch on philosophy has the important relations with the mathematicaldevelopment and especially with the investigations of the logicists, formalists andintuitionists on the mathematical foundation.

因为他的诸多哲学思考都与当时的数学发展特别是数学中逻辑主义、形式主义和直觉主义对数学基础的探讨有着重要的联系。

There are two traditional ways of dividing the American Anthropology,oneis to divide it according to the line of substantivists and formalists,anotherway is to divide it into four categories:formalist,subtantivist,neo-maxistand economic ethnohistorian.

笔者认为，如果根据&四个基本一致&（即理论观点基本一致、研究方法上基本一致、政策主张、利益诉求上都基本一致）原则划分的话，则美国经济人类学应可划分为：以赫兹克维茨、斯内德尔为代表的形式主义流派，以波朗尼、多尔顿为代表的实在主义流派，以哈特、沃尔夫等为代表的新马克思主义流派和以威尔克等为代表的新广义派。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。