归纳规则

Such a critique is therefore a preparation, so far as may be possible, for an organon; and should this turn out not to be possible, then at least for a canon, according to which, in due course, the complete system of the philosophy of pure reason -- be it in extension or merely in limitation of its knowledge -- may be carried into execution, analytically as well as synthetically.

这样的批判只是一个准备，为了可能的纯粹理性的原则全体或者一些规则。通过这个学科，在并行的过程中，纯粹理性的哲学系统真正的动起来，通过拓展或者限制知识的方式，或者分析或者归纳得来运作起来。

Then the informationtheoretic entropy measure and Laplace error rate evaluation functions are applied to the path search in extension matrix, and a heuristic algorithm ECA based on entropy is given The time complexity of ECA is also analyzed Finally, ECA is applied to several real-world domains such as sleep examples and handwritten digit recognition, and the experimental results show that ECA can produce more simple and efficient rules.

针对实际应用领域中的噪音问题，从统计学的角度，对扩张矩阵理论的定义加以扩充，放宽关于规则的概念描述限制：在训练例子集上归纳得到的概念，不一定完全正确分类训练例子集，而是以较大的正确概率分类训练集，并对新的例子有较好的预测能力。

An inductive learning method for classification based on information theory is proposed, which is a maximum contribution classification method according to the theory of channel transmission in information theory, the definition contribution is developed based on probability distribution of classified space, probability transfer matrices of classified space and feature space and mutual information, then entities is classified by the maximum contribution method.

提出了一种基于信息论的归纳分类学习算法－最大贡献分类算法。该算法根据信息论中信道传输的理论，把类别空间和各特征空间的概率转移矩阵以及互信息结合起来，定义了贡献的概念，从而得出了对给定的观测值，用它的最大贡献作为对实体进行分类的规则。

After analyzing the merit and lack of 9I model, the main idea is proposed: to distill some basic topological relations from 9I model, of which the composite topological relations of complex objects are made up. In detail, the composite topological relationships between region and region, line and line, line and region are particularly discussed;(2)Analyze the characteristics and inner relations of cadastral features. According to the expressional model of complex topological relations, the author discovers the possible topological relations between parcels, parcel lines and parcel points. In addition, sum up the general topological relationship rules of cadastral data.(3) Then the topological relations model is extended to the spatio-temporal data. Time in cadastral database and change semantic are discussed. It's redefined that spatio-temporal topological relations is composed of time, location, status and event relation. Spatio-temporal topological relationships can be represented by extended 4I model. Taking cadastral parcels as example, there are different possible spatio-temporal topological relationships between parcels when they are extended, shrunken, split, merged or others. Thus, some deductions are drawn that, for example, if parcels have be coexisting for some time they are impossible to be overlapped. Furthermore, the parents of parcels alternated and their possible change types can be detected by their spatio-temporal topological relationships.(4) Before carrying out the experiment, the calculation method must be designed.

具体研究工作及成果如下：（1）根据点集拓扑理论中与拓扑空间相关的概念，本文对空间的点、线、面进行了重新定义，以区分对象的复杂性；分析了9I模型在表示简单对象方面的优点，以及在表达复杂对象上的不足，阐述了本文的研究思路和解决方案，并以复杂的面面、线线和线面为例详细探讨了复合拓扑关系的表达方法；（2）分析了地籍权属数据和地类数据的内涵、特点和要素之间的联系，根据复杂对象的拓扑关系表达模型，本文讨论了宗地、界址线、界址点之间，图斑、线状地物、零星地类之间可能存在的拓扑关系和形式化表达方法，归纳总结了地籍对象的拓扑关系满足的约束性规则；（3）将拓扑关系的研究延伸到时空领域，从地籍对象的时态性出发，本文阐述了地籍数据中时间的含义和变化语义描述的需要；从时间、位置、状态、事件等之间的拓扑关系方面，重新系统性地进行了时空拓扑关系的定义；研究了一维时间和二维空间的集成表达方式，以宗地、界址线为例，分析了变更前后不同时间区间里可能的拓扑关系，探讨了时空拓扑关系对时空变化操作类型和变化语义的推理方法和意义；（4）为实现空间拓扑关系的查询分析等应用，本文研究了空间拓扑关系的计算方法。

This study, with a coding system, analyzed the generations of Malay houses in Peninsula Malaysia and generalized a typological rule system.

本研究以编码系统为工具，分析马来半岛民居类型的衍生，归纳成类型规则系统。

The study of the dissertation is not limited in the scope of introducing the general theory of legal regulation of natural monopoly, summing up the competition laws of WTO and finding the defects of the current system of the legal regulation of natural monopoly in our country, but still in the scope of discoursing upon the reform direction and methods of the legal regulation of natural monopoly in our country.

本文的研究领域不仅仅局限于自然垄断法律规制的理论概述和WTO竞争规则的归纳，以及我国自然垄断法律规制的现状分析，而且也探讨了在WTO体制下我国自然垄断法律规制改革的取向与对策。

Rough set theory is a mathematical method based on set theory,educing the rules ultimately.

粗糙集理论是一种基于集合论的归纳推理、最终导出规则，适用于处理不确定知识的数学方法。

The traditional research pass wades the point of departure when we researches language problem in the modern new poetry is usually the static-state linguistics, i.e., it explains the rhythm, rhyme and choice of vocabulary from the opposite static layer of the phrase, such as the pure phrase logic and the grammar layer and so on. Though this kind of angle of view of does major contribution in studying language of the modern new poetry, it also brings the irregularity of analysis equally, because its abstract and regular analytic method can't correspond with the modern new poetry whose expression of character is freedom and immediate, and thus obstructs us to have further cognition of the language of the modern new poetry.

传统的关涉现代新诗语言问题的研究的出发点往往是静态语言学，也就是从单纯的语词逻辑、语法层次等相对恒定的语言层面来阐释现代新诗的音韵、节奏乃至词汇选择，这种语言视角尽管为现代新诗的语言研究做出了重要贡献，但同样也带来诸多分析上的弊端，它的这种定型的归纳和抽象的规则化分析方法无法更好地切入到以自由和随即为表述特征的现代新诗语言，也就在一定程度上阻碍了人们对现代新诗语言的进一步认知。

In chapter one, it compared letters with pictures and showed the importance of observation. In chapter two, it introduced the structure of human eyes and the course of vision. Chapter three introduced the basic key element of vision and the main theories of studying in vision aesthesia. In chapter four, it analyzed the principle of understanding the meaning of a figure according to the theory before, and analyzed the law of aesthetic. Then it explained how people feel the three-dimensional form and the movement, which have offered the theoretical foundation for creating more vivid image. It expounded the purpose and meaning of judging a visual figure in the fifth chapter, and introduced three general standards. It showed a method of judging the figure from different points of view in an example. Summarize to the full text finally, it point out the correct observation of vision image is one of the main ways for people's study, proposed the weak point of this text.

本文在第一章对文字与形象两类视觉信息进行了比较，提出了掌握形象观察方法的重要性；接着在第二章简单介绍了人眼的构造和视觉成像的过程；第三章分别介绍了视觉感知的基本要素和目前研究视觉的主要理论；在第四章，根据感知理论重点分析了人们识别、理解图形意义的原则，并由此归纳总结了形式美感产生的规律，提出了创造生动的视觉形象和构筑立体形象的规则和方法；第五章则阐述了对视觉形象进行评价的目的和意义，介绍了评价的三大普遍标准，针对人工形象提出了一套评价系统，并通过一个实例来说明评价系统的使用过程；最后对全文做出总结，指出正确的认识视觉形象是人们学习的主要途径之一，并提出了本文的不足之处。

The dissertation begins with the investigation of the fruitful research on function of debt governance in developed countries such as UK, US, Japan and Germany, and attempts to fill some important gaps in our understanding of inefficient investment controlling function, bankruptcy threat function and function of creditor's participating in corporate governance; Second, Theoretical and empirical study is done on whether three functions of debt governance can work well in state-owned listed companies. The result shows that so far the function of debt governance can't work well as expected; Third, after examining the special institutional background of China, the dissertation argues, grounded on the research results, that the essential institutional reasons include creditors and debtors being "quasi" market participants, the "quasi-equal" debtor-creditor relationships and the "quasi" market rules; Finally, it comes to the conclusion that the fundamental methods to change the situation are to encourage the supervision of banks, to deepen the reform of state-owned companies and to fulfill the outside institutional requirements for guaranteeing the function of debt governance.

文章首先借鉴英美、日德等发达国家对债权治理功效的已有研究成果，总结归纳出负债抑制非效率投资功效、负债的破产威胁功效以及债权人直接介入公司治理功效；其次，分别对三大债权治理功效在我国国有控股上市公司中能否发挥作用进行理论解析和实证检验，研究发现，目前我国企业债权治理功效不能发挥应有的作用；再次，针对研究结论，从我国特有的制度背景出发，分析其症结，认为我国目前的债权债务双方的&准&市场主体、债权债务双方的&准&平等关系、&准&市场游戏规则是导致债权治理功效不能发挥作用的根本制度原因；最后，提出解决对策，认为增强银行的监督激励、深化国有企业的改革以及实现债权治理功效的外在制度要求是债权治理功效发挥作用的根本途径。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。