归纳为

This paper firstly introduces the point set of topology theory, enumerating all kinds of topology relations which have practical application value.

首先介绍了点集拓扑理论，归纳了有实际应用价值的各种拓扑关系，分析了拓扑模型中的最基本拓扑元素和空间实体的关系；然后提出了一种要素类的拓扑构建方法，其算法以MAPGIS7.0空间实体的结构为依据，主要体现要素分裂的思想。

Based on that, viewpoints reflecting rules of Sino-Tibetan languages are concluded and abstracted.

以此为基础，归纳和提炼出一些反映汉藏语自身规律的观点。

In chapter 1, the paper overviewed the feature of Chaozhou guzheng, introducing other representatives of Chaozhou guzheng. In chapter 2, the paper studies Chaozhou guzheng melody formulated by Mr Xu, summing up its spectrum surface characteristics. In chapter 3, combined with the author's personal experience of learning with Mr Xu, in three different spectral mode of Chaozhou guzheng set by Mr Xu, From Playing by the right hand and composing by the left hand, specifying the actual performance characteristics.

在第一章中，文章概述了潮州筝派的特点，对许守诚先生同属潮州筝派的其他代表人物做了介绍；第二章中，以许守诚先生订谱的潮州筝曲谱本为研究对象，归纳总结出许先生订谱的潮州筝曲的谱面特点；第三章，作者结合跟随许先生学习的亲身体会，分别对许先生订谱的三种不同调式的潮州筝曲，从右手弹奏和左手作韵两方面，具体阐述实际演奏的特点。

Through several methods to utilize literature material; on the foundation of sport lottery basic concept induction, conducting the research to the sport lottery basic attribute, it gives conclusion: The sport lottery is one kind of special commodity; the essence of the sport lottery is one kind of game; The releasing of the sport lottery and gambling has essential difference.

摘要通过运用文献资料等方法，在对体育彩票基本概念归纳的基础上，对体育彩票的基本属性进行研究，其结论为：体育彩票是一种特殊的商品、体育彩票本质是一种游戏：发行体育彩票与赌博有本质的区别。

The Paper firstly, discusses the theories of quality management, arranges and analyses the basic philosophy of guaranteeing teaching quality of Master of Education in general. By retrospection the development of the graduate education in the United States, the type and major of Master of Education in the United States are identified, and the main characteristics of the graduate education in the United States are summed up. And these characteristics include: appropriate training objectives, standards of graduate admission which require the capacity for the first, curriculums which are set pragmatically and flexibly, tutors which are selected strictly, different training models, a variety of teaching methods, internal quality assurance system which is standardized and effective, a wide range of external forces of quality control.

论文首先探讨全面质量管理理论，梳理和辨析教育硕士专业学位研究生教学质量保证的基本理念，在追溯美国研究生教育发展历程的基础上，总结美国教育硕士的种类与专业，归纳美国硕士研究生教学质量保证的内外部措施是：制定适切的培养目标；能力为先的研究生录取标准；注重实效灵活的课程的设置；完善的教师管理机制；各具特色的培养模式；丰富多样的教学方法；以学生为中心，发挥学生主体作用；规范有效的内部教学质量管理制度；多元化的外部质量监控力量。

As a most commonly used method of urban vegetation investigation, stratified random selection investigation is the topic of this paper. Based on enormous publications and practical experiences, the authors proposed the systematic processes of investigation planning, with the details and points of attention for field work of urban vegetation survey introduced. The main body of urban vegetation investigation was divided into three parts, i.

本文以大量文献和作者在城市植物调查的实践经验为基础，总结了国内外城市植物研究中常用的分层随机抽样调查方法，并对植物分层随机抽样调查方案设计的步骤、方法及注意事项作了系统总结并提出相关建议，综述性归纳了一套城市植物分层随机抽样调查的方案设计方法。

Combining with the evolution of congestion control mechanisms, the existed technologies for congestion avoidance and recovery in IP networks are reviewed. The unsolved problems and hot spots in subdiscipline, such as TCP flow control, end to end flow control and enhanced mechanism in intermediate nodes, are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of schemes for active queue management are emphatically analyzed. Also the paper presents and discusses the drawbacks of heuristic designin...

以拥塞控制机制演化的历史为线索，回顾了IP网络中已有的拥塞控制技术；总结了TCP流量控制、端到端流量控制和中间节点增强机制等各研究子方向中需要解决的问题；重点分析了主动队列管理这一热点领域中已有策略和算法的优缺点，并在此基础上，归纳和阐述了大多数算法所采用的启发式设计加仿真试验验证的模式存在的不足；提出了应用控制理论中的分析和设计方法研究网络拥塞控制的思路，并给出几个有意义的研究方向

This is no place to try to sum up its main conclusions. But it is characteristic of the classical view that Aristotle lays his greatest stress, first, on the need for Unity in the work of art, the need that each part should subserve the whole, while irrelevancies, however brilliant in themselves, should be cast away; and next, on the demand that great art must have for its subject the great way of living.

这里不适合把《诗学》的主要结论做一总结，但可以对亚里士多德最为强调的古典主义视角的特征略做归纳：首先，艺术作品必须统一，每一部分应该服从整体，任何游离的部分，不管单独看如何杰出，坚决删除；第二，伟大的艺术必须以高尚的生活方式为主题。

The new ideas in my thesis: 1, Through resolving yearly plans within the Company departments, I sum up the Key Production Index of departments and staff, 2, For showing fairness, the score from the assessment is related with different difficulty factors;3, To avoid needless duplication, it is created to use the department score as managers score.

本文的创新在于：1，通过分解公司，部门的年度计划，归纳出部门及员工岗位的KPI关键指标；2，绩效考核得分与难度系数相联系，确保考核的公平性；3，为简便考核创造性地提出了将部门考核作为部门负责人的个人绩效考核，避免了重复工作。

In chapter three, various theories and experience on the dispersion of nano-powders proposed by former researchers were generalized and reviewed. Technical standards and experimental process for determining technological parameters were suggested for the dispersion of nano-scaled metal oxides in aqueous medium according to their surface wettability, surface charge, the dependence of surface charge on pH and the compatibility of surfactants with pH and pH adjusting agents. Based on these suggested standards and experimental method, highly stable and dispersive aqueous suspensoid of nm-ZnO, nm-TiO〓, nm-Co〓O〓 and nm-MnO powders were prepared successfully and surface modification on these nano-powders was also achieved.

本文第三章通过大量的文献调研，归纳总结了前人在纳米粒子分散技术方面的理论和经验，并在此基础上根据纳米氧化物粉体的表面润湿性、表面电性及其与分散介质pH值的关系、表面活性剂及其与pH调节剂的配伍关系设计了纳米氧化物水分散体系的工艺规范以及确定工艺参数的通用实验步骤，成功地制备了纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化钴和纳米氧化锰的高稳定分散悬浮液并实现了干粉体的表面改性，为纳米材料在氧化锌压敏电阻中的应用创造了第二个前提条件。

This paper discusses design and realizable methods of remote test output interface from logical design angle.

本文从逻辑设计的角度讨论遥测输出接口的设计及实现方法。

This also 星体投射plies to buildings, structures and geological features.

这也适用于建筑物和地质特征。